Water handover Hamm

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Hamm lock with water distribution point and pumping station (Lippe below, the canal above)
Feed structure between the lip (below) and the canal (above)
Location of the structures on the canal

The water transfer in Hamm is a hydraulic engineering system at the Hamm lock of the Datteln-Hamm Canal . It is used to regulate the water in the West German sewer network and the Lippe .

background

The west German canal network of Wesel-Datteln , Rhein-Herne , Dortmund-Ems and Datteln-Hamm canals is supplied with water by the vertex position between the canal levels Datteln, Herne, Münster and Hamm and at a constant level (± 15 cm) held in the individual duct postures . Although it is not about flowing water, around 550 million cubic meters of water are transported in the direction of the Rhine, Ruhr and Ems each year (mainly through sluices) or in other ways (for example, by using it as cooling water, seepage or evaporation) lost the sewer network. This loss is compensated for by feeding in from the Lippe at the water transfer.

Conversely, in very dry years it can happen that the Lippe falls below the flow rate of 10 m³ / s necessary to maintain the ecosystem of the Lippeauen. In such cases canal water is transferred into the Lippe. This water is then pumped back by pumping stations at the canal steps from the Ruhr and in extreme cases also from the Rhine via the corresponding canal sections to the water handover. On average, this is only 5 million cubic meters of water a year, but in the very dry 1991 it was 33 million cubic meters.

The Datteln-Hamm Canal was created from the outset not only as a shipping route next to the Lippe, which is difficult to navigate, but primarily to provide water for the canal network. From 1899 to 1914 there was only the pumping station on the canal bridge over the Lippe in today's old route of the Dortmund-Ems canal near Olfen , which pumped a maximum of 3 m³ / s of water from the Lippe into the canal 17 m higher using steam power.

In 1914 the Datteln-Hamm Canal was opened, the water transfer in Hamm started up and the old pumping station was shut down.

Buildings

In Hamm, the lip and canal run parallel to each other, separated by a canal side dam, which is also a flood dike. The water transfer there consists of the following structures:

  • A roller weir at the level of the Hamm lock dams the Lippe up to an average of +58.15 meters above sea level. This makes it a few centimeters higher than the parallel section of the canal up to the Werries lock (NN + 57.95 meters).
  • Directly at the Hamm lock, the historic building of the water distribution system protrudes partly over the Lippe, partly over the free flood of the canal (see first aerial photo). Here the damper weirs are housed in the lip, with which the amount of water to be fed into the canal is controlled. There is also a turbine system for generating electricity (475 kilowatts), which takes advantage of the mean head of the canal of 1.45 meters and the Lippe of 3.88 meters.
  • The pumping station is located below the building between the open water and the sluice.
  • In the upper water of the lock, about 1 km away at the Fährstraße bridge, there is the feed structure (see second aerial photo), with which the water from the Lippe flows into the canal over a natural gradient (20 cm / m).
  • Below the lock is the transfer structure that feeds canal water into the Lippe if necessary. Since the Lippe has a greater height of fall than the canal sluice, it is below the level of the canal, so that canal water can be passed over in a natural gradient.

business

In an agreement between the Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration , the state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the Lippeverband , the water withdrawal and supply is regulated. For example, water may only be fed into the sewer system when the Lippe has a water flow of 10 m 3 / s. With increasing water flow, a maximum of 25 m 3 / s can be transferred (if the lip carries more than 35 m 3 / s). This operating state is called "natural supply" and is the most common state.

In the "pumping mode" operating state, the canals transport water back from the Ruhr and Rhine. The Lippe runoff near Hamm is then enriched with additional water from the canals at up to 4.5 m 3 / s. The pumping operation is already partially started when the Lippe's water flow is below 18 m 3 / s in order to be able to maintain the water levels in the canals despite the lower withdrawal rate.

The water transport can go so far that water is released from the Dortmund-Ems Canal at Senden to the Stever in the direction of Lake Hullern and the Haltern reservoir , in order to enable the Haltern waterworks to continue to produce drinking water.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ EnergieAgentur.NRW of July 10, 2006 "Hamm: New hydropower plant on the Lippe in operation"

literature

  • M. Eckoldt (ed.): Rivers and canals. The history of the German waterways. DSV-Verlag, 1998.

Web links

Coordinates: 51 ° 41 ′ 12.2 "  N , 7 ° 49 ′ 14.1"  E