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{{Short description|Species of amphibian}}
{{Taxobox
{{About-distinguish|treefrog in the family Hylidae|Nasutixalus jerdonii{{!}}''Nasutixalus jerdonii'' from the family Rhacophoridae, also known as Jerdon's tree frog}}
| color = pink
{{Speciesbox
| name =
| image =
| image = Hyla annectans (Jerdon, 1870).jpg
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| status = LC
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn |last1=van Dijk |first1=Peter Paul |last2=Ohler |first2=Annemarie |last3=Yang |first3=Datong |last4=Lu |first4=Shunqing |last5=Dutta|first5=Shushil |last6=Bordoloi |first6=Sabitry |last7=Roy |first7=Debjani |name-list-style=amp |title=''Hyla annectans'' |errata=2016|year=2004|doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T55391A11291178.en }}</ref>
| classis = [[Amphibia]]
| ordo = [[Anura]]
| taxon = Hyla annectans
| authority = ([[Thomas C. Jerdon|Jerdon]], 1870)
| familia = [[Hylidae]]
| synonyms = {{species list
| genus = ''[[Hyla]]''
| Polypedates annectans | Jerdon, 1870
| species = ''H. annectans''
| Hyla annectens | incorrect subsequent spelling
| binomial = ''Hyla annectans''
| Hyla annectans gongshanensis | Yang, Su, and Li, 1983
| binomial_authority = (Jerdon, 1870)
| Hyla gongshanensis | Yang, Su, and Li, 1983
}}
| Hyla annectans wulingensis Shen, 1997
| Hyla annectans jingdongensis | Fei and Ye ''in'' Ye, Fei, Li, and Li, 2000
| Hyla annectans tengchongensis | Ye, Fei, and Li ''in'' Ye, Fei, Li, and Li, 2000
| Hyla annectans chuanxiensis | Ye and Fei ''in'' Ye, Fei, Li, and Li, 2000
}}
| synonyms_ref = <ref name=Frost/>
}}


'''''Hyla annectans''''' is a species of [[tree frog]] in the family [[Hylidae]].<ref name=Frost/><ref name=AmphibiaChina/><ref name="India Biodiversity Portal"/> It is found in Asia south of the [[Himalayas]] in northeast India ([[Assam]], [[Nagaland]], [[Manipur]], and [[Meghalaya]]), northern [[Myanmar]], and northern montane [[Vietnam]] and southwestern and central China ([[Yunnan]], [[Guizhou]], [[Sichuan]], [[Hunan]]). There are isolated records in northwestern [[Thailand]] and adjacent Myanmar.<ref name=Frost/> There is uncertainty whether ''Hyla gongshanensis'' from China should be recognized as a distinct species. This widespread species has many common names: '''Jerdon's tree frog''', '''Assam treefrog''', '''Indian hylid frog''', '''green leave frog''', or '''Southwestern China treefrog'''.<ref name=Frost/>
''Hyla annectans'' is a species of [[toad]] found in India.


==Description==
==Description==
The following description is taken from [[George Albert Boulenger]]'s ''Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma'':<ref name="Boulenger 1890"/>
Tongue circular, slightly nicked, and free behind. Vomerine teeth in two groups on a level with the hinder edge of the choanae. Head broader than long; snout short, rounded; canthus rostralis distinct; interorbital space as broad as the upper eyelid; tympanum distinct, about half the diameter oi the eye. lingers webbed at the base; toes two-thirds webbed; disks well developed. The tibio-tarsal articulation reaches the tympanum or the eye. Skin smooth above, granular beneath; a strong tuberculated fold from the eye to the shoulder. Green above; a dark, lateral streak, light-edged above, ending in two or three deep black spots, separated or confluent on the groin, which is bright yellow; sides of thighs with deep black spots on a bright yellow ground; two outer fingers and two outer toes green; beneath whitish, immaculate. Male with an external subgular vocal sac and black nuptial excrescences on the thumb.<ref>Boulenger, G. A. (1890) Fauna of British India. Reptilia and Batrachia.</ref>
<blockquote>
The tongue circular, slightly nicked, and free behind. Vomerine teeth in two groups on a level with the hinder edge of the choanae. The head broader than long; snout short, rounded; [[canthus rostralis]] distinct; interorbital space as broad as the upper eyelid; [[Tympanum (anatomy)|tympanum]] distinct, about half the diameter of the eye. Fingers webbed at the base; the toes two-thirds webbed; disks are well developed. The tibiotarsal articulation reaches the tympanum or the eye. Skin smooth above, granular beneath; a strong tuberculated fold from the eye to the shoulder. Green above; a dark, lateral streak, light-edged above, ending in two or three deep black spots, separated or confluent on the groin, which is bright yellow; sides of thighs with deep black spots on a bright yellow ground; two outer fingers and two outer toes green; beneath whitish, immaculate. Male with an external subgular [[vocal sac]] and black nuptial excrescences on the thumb.


From snout to vent 2 inches.
From snout to vent {{convert|2|in|cm}}.
</blockquote>

Modern sources give [[snout–vent length]] {{convert|28|-|39|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} for males and {{convert|32|-|45|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} for females.<ref name=AmphibiaChina/>

==Habitat and conservation==
''Hyla annectans'' occurs in tropical evergreen and deciduous forest at elevations of {{convert|600|–|2500|m|abbr=on}} [[above sea level]],<ref name=IUCN/> down to {{convert|100|m|abbr=on}} in India.<ref name="India Biodiversity Portal"/> It can also be found in grasslands and agricultural land close to forests. It is largely [[Arboreal locomotion|arboreal]]. Breeding is explosive and takes place in ponds and terraced paddy fields.<ref name=IUCN/>

It is common in parts of its range, notably China. It can be threatened by habitat degradation, including water pollution. It is collected for in India. The range of this species includes many protected areas.<ref name=IUCN/>


Khasi Hills, and Kakhyen Hills, Upper Burma.
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<references/>
<ref name=AmphibiaChina>{{cite web |url=http://www.amphibiachina.org/ampsp/305 |title=''Hyla annectans'' (Jerdon, 1870) |year=2009 |work=AmphibiaChina |publisher=[[Kunming Institute of Zoology]] |language=Chinese |access-date=16 November 2018}}</ref>
{{Hylidae-stub}}

<ref name="Boulenger 1890">{{cite book| last = Boulenger| first = G. A.| author-link = George Albert Boulenger| title = Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma| volume = Reptilia and Batrachia| year = 1890| pages = 509–510 | publisher = Taylor and Francis| location = London| url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/5490}}</ref>

<ref name=Frost>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Hylidae/Hylinae/Hyla/Hyla-annectans |title=''Hyla annectans'' (Jerdon, 1870) |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2018 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=17 November 2018}}</ref>

<ref name="India Biodiversity Portal">{{cite web |url=https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/227410 |title=''Hyla annectans'' (Jerdon, 1870) |author=Chandra Barooah |author2=Lani Sarma |name-list-style=amp |date=2016 |work=India Biodiversity Portal |publisher= |access-date=18 November 2018}}</ref>
}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q976103}}


[[ca:Hyla annectans]]
[[Category:Hyla|annectans]]
[[Category:Frogs of China]]
[[Category:Frogs of India]]
[[Category:Amphibians of Myanmar]]
[[Category:Amphibians of Thailand]]
[[Category:Amphibians of Vietnam]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Thomas C. Jerdon]]
[[Category:Amphibians described in 1870]]

Latest revision as of 00:32, 24 September 2021

Hyla annectans
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Hylidae
Genus: Hyla
Species:
H. annectans
Binomial name
Hyla annectans
(Jerdon, 1870)
Synonyms[2]
  • Polypedates annectans Jerdon, 1870
  • Hyla annectens incorrect subsequent spelling
  • Hyla annectans gongshanensis Yang, Su, and Li, 1983
  • Hyla gongshanensis Yang, Su, and Li, 1983
  • Hyla annectans wulingensis Shen, 1997 Hyla annectans jingdongensis
  • Fei and Ye in Ye, Fei, Li, and Li, 2000 Hyla annectans tengchongensis
  • Ye, Fei, and Li in Ye, Fei, Li, and Li, 2000 Hyla annectans chuanxiensis
  • Ye and Fei in Ye, Fei, Li, and Li, 2000

Hyla annectans is a species of tree frog in the family Hylidae.[2][3][4] It is found in Asia south of the Himalayas in northeast India (Assam, Nagaland, Manipur, and Meghalaya), northern Myanmar, and northern montane Vietnam and southwestern and central China (Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hunan). There are isolated records in northwestern Thailand and adjacent Myanmar.[2] There is uncertainty whether Hyla gongshanensis from China should be recognized as a distinct species. This widespread species has many common names: Jerdon's tree frog, Assam treefrog, Indian hylid frog, green leave frog, or Southwestern China treefrog.[2]

Description[edit]

The following description is taken from George Albert Boulenger's Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma:[5]

The tongue circular, slightly nicked, and free behind. Vomerine teeth in two groups on a level with the hinder edge of the choanae. The head broader than long; snout short, rounded; canthus rostralis distinct; interorbital space as broad as the upper eyelid; tympanum distinct, about half the diameter of the eye. Fingers webbed at the base; the toes two-thirds webbed; disks are well developed. The tibiotarsal articulation reaches the tympanum or the eye. Skin smooth above, granular beneath; a strong tuberculated fold from the eye to the shoulder. Green above; a dark, lateral streak, light-edged above, ending in two or three deep black spots, separated or confluent on the groin, which is bright yellow; sides of thighs with deep black spots on a bright yellow ground; two outer fingers and two outer toes green; beneath whitish, immaculate. Male with an external subgular vocal sac and black nuptial excrescences on the thumb.

From snout to vent 2 inches (5.1 cm).

Modern sources give snout–vent length 28–39 mm (1.1–1.5 in) for males and 32–45 mm (1.3–1.8 in) for females.[3]

Habitat and conservation[edit]

Hyla annectans occurs in tropical evergreen and deciduous forest at elevations of 600–2,500 m (2,000–8,200 ft) above sea level,[1] down to 100 m (330 ft) in India.[4] It can also be found in grasslands and agricultural land close to forests. It is largely arboreal. Breeding is explosive and takes place in ponds and terraced paddy fields.[1]

It is common in parts of its range, notably China. It can be threatened by habitat degradation, including water pollution. It is collected for in India. The range of this species includes many protected areas.[1]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d van Dijk, Peter Paul; Ohler, Annemarie; Yang, Datong; Lu, Shunqing; Dutta, Shushil; Bordoloi, Sabitry & Roy, Debjani (2016) [errata version of 2004 assessment]. "Hyla annectans". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T55391A11291178.en.
  2. ^ a b c d Frost, Darrel R. (2018). "Hyla annectans (Jerdon, 1870)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 17 November 2018.
  3. ^ a b "Hyla annectans (Jerdon, 1870)". AmphibiaChina (in Chinese). Kunming Institute of Zoology. 2009. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  4. ^ a b Chandra Barooah & Lani Sarma (2016). "Hyla annectans (Jerdon, 1870)". India Biodiversity Portal. Retrieved 18 November 2018.
  5. ^ Boulenger, G. A. (1890). Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Vol. Reptilia and Batrachia. London: Taylor and Francis. pp. 509–510.