Funastrum cynanchoides: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Species of plant}}
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'''''Funastrum cynanchoides''''' (formerly called ''[[Sarcostemma]] cynanchoides''<ref name=MDW>Mojave Desert Wildflowers, Pam MacKay, 2nd. Ed. 2013, p 74</ref>), or '''Climbing Milkweed''', is a [[perennial plant]] in the Dogbane Family ([[Apocynaceae]]) that grows twining through other plants in the [[Mojave Desert]] and [[Colorado Desert]].<ref name=MDW>Mojave Desert Wildflowers, Pam MacKay, 2nd. Ed. 2013, p 74</ref> It has milky sap and smells bad.<ref name=MDW/> It is similar to ''[[Funastrum hirtellum]]''.<ref name=MDW/>
{{Speciesbox
|image = Sarcostemma cynanchoides 2004-05-24.jpg
|image_caption =
|genus = Funastrum
|species = cynanchoides
|authority = ([[Joseph Decaisne|Decne.]]) [[Rudolf Schlechter|Schltr.]]
|synonyms = ''Sarcostemma cynanchoides'' {{au|Decne.}}
}}


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'''''Funastrum cynanchoides''''' (formerly called ''Sarcostemma cynanchoides''),<ref name="MDW">{{cite book |author=MacKay, Pam |title=Mojave Desert Wildflowers, 2nd: A Field Guide to Wildflowers, Trees, and Shrubs of the Mojave Desert, Including the Mojave National Preserve, Death Valley National Park, and Joshua Tree National Park |year=2013 |publisher=FalconGuides |isbn=978-0-7627-8033-4 |page=74}}</ref> also known as '''fringed twinevine, twining milkweed''' or '''climbing milkweed''', is a [[perennial plant]] in the family [[Apocynaceae]] that grows twining through other plants in the [[Mojave Desert]] and [[Sonoran Desert]].<ref name="MDW" /> It has milky sap and smells pungent.<ref name="MDW" /> It is similar to ''[[Funastrum hirtellum]]''.<ref name=MDW/>
==Habitat and range==
It grows at the edge of [[desert dry wash]]es below 2,000' in the eastern Mojave Desert and Colorado Desert.<ref name=MDW/>


==Growth pattern==
==Description==
It is a twining vine-like plant that grows over other shrubs.<ref name=MDW/>
It is a twining vine-like plant that grows over other shrubs.<ref name="MDW" />


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Its narrow, arrowhead shaped [[leaves]] are [[Leaf#Arrangement on the stem|opposite]] and {{Convert|2.5 to 3.8|cm|abbr=off|sp=us|frac=2}} long.<ref name="MDW" />
==Leaves==
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Its narrow, arrowhead shaped leaves are [[opposite]] and 1" to 1 1/2" long.<ref name=MDW/>


The flowers are pink to purplish, and are produced in umbrella-like heads ([[umbel]]s) up to {{Convert|10|cm|abbr=on|frac=4}} wide.<ref name="MDW" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Spellenberg |first=Richard |url=https://archive.org/details/nationalaudubons00spel/page/350/ |title=National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers: Western Region |publisher=Knopf |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-375-40233-3 |edition=rev |pages=350 |orig-date=1979}}</ref>
==Flowers==
Flowers are pink to purplish, and are produced in umbrella-like heads ([[umbels]].<ref name=MDW/>


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It has a fruit that is {{Convert|3 to 4|in|cm|abbr=on|order=flip|round=0.5}} long, with tufted seeds about {{Convert|3.5|cm|abbr=on|frac=4}} long.<ref name="MDW" />
==Fruits==

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It has a fruit that is 3" to 4" long, with tufted seeds about 1.4" long.<ref name=MDW/>
==Distribution and habitat==
It can be found from [[Southern California]] to [[Utah]], [[Oklahoma]] and [[Texas]].<ref name=":0" /> It grows at the edge of [[desert dry wash]]es in the eastern [[Mojave Desert]] and [[Sonoran Desert]] at altitudes below {{Convert|2000|ft|abbr=off|sp=us|order=flip}}.<ref name=MDW/>

In urban areas the vine freely climbs on plants, trees, as well as having a preference for [[chain-link fencing]] in neglected areas.

[[File:Twining milkweed vine.jpg|thumb|[[Danaus (butterfly)|''Danaus'' butterfly]] on a flower]]

==Ecology==
The flowers are actively visited and fed on by butterflies, similar to other milkweeds.


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
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[[Category:Apocynaceae]]
{{Commons category inline|Funastrum cynanchoides|''Funastrum cynanchoides''}}
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[[Category:North American desert flora]]
*[http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-taxon=Funastrum+cynanchoides Calflora Database: ''Funastrum cynanchoides (Fringed twinevine)]
*[https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=FUCY USDA Plants Profile for ''Funastrum cynanchoides'' (fringed twinevine)]


{{Taxonbar|from=Q3090869}}

[[Category:Asclepiadoideae]]
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[[Category:North American desert flora]]
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[[Category:Vines]]
[[Category:Flora of the California desert regions]]
[[Category:Flora of the Sonoran Deserts]]
[[Category:Flora of Mexico]]
[[Category:Flora of the South-Central United States]]
[[Category:Flora of the Southwestern United States]]
[[Category:Natural history of the Colorado Desert]]
[[Category:Natural history of the Mojave Desert]]
[[Category:Butterfly food plants]]
[[Category:Flora without expected TNC conservation status]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Joseph Decaisne]]




Latest revision as of 16:20, 26 December 2022

Funastrum cynanchoides
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Genus: Funastrum
Species:
F. cynanchoides
Binomial name
Funastrum cynanchoides
Synonyms

Sarcostemma cynanchoides Decne.

Funastrum cynanchoides (formerly called Sarcostemma cynanchoides),[1] also known as fringed twinevine, twining milkweed or climbing milkweed, is a perennial plant in the family Apocynaceae that grows twining through other plants in the Mojave Desert and Sonoran Desert.[1] It has milky sap and smells pungent.[1] It is similar to Funastrum hirtellum.[1]

Description[edit]

It is a twining vine-like plant that grows over other shrubs.[1]

Its narrow, arrowhead shaped leaves are opposite and 2.5 to 3.8 centimeters (1 to 1+1⁄2 inches) long.[1]

The flowers are pink to purplish, and are produced in umbrella-like heads (umbels) up to 10 cm (4 in) wide.[1][2]

It has a fruit that is 7.5 to 10 cm (3 to 4 in) long, with tufted seeds about 3.5 cm (1+1⁄2 in) long.[1]

Distribution and habitat[edit]

It can be found from Southern California to Utah, Oklahoma and Texas.[2] It grows at the edge of desert dry washes in the eastern Mojave Desert and Sonoran Desert at altitudes below 610 meters (2,000 feet).[1]

In urban areas the vine freely climbs on plants, trees, as well as having a preference for chain-link fencing in neglected areas.

Danaus butterfly on a flower

Ecology[edit]

The flowers are actively visited and fed on by butterflies, similar to other milkweeds.

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i MacKay, Pam (2013). Mojave Desert Wildflowers, 2nd: A Field Guide to Wildflowers, Trees, and Shrubs of the Mojave Desert, Including the Mojave National Preserve, Death Valley National Park, and Joshua Tree National Park. FalconGuides. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-7627-8033-4.
  2. ^ a b Spellenberg, Richard (2001) [1979]. National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers: Western Region (rev ed.). Knopf. p. 350. ISBN 978-0-375-40233-3.

External links[edit]

Media related to Funastrum cynanchoides at Wikimedia Commons


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