Lymington River: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 50°45′00″N 1°31′59″W / 50.750°N 1.533°W / 50.750; -1.533
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{{Short description|River in Hampshire, England}}
{{Geobox|River
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
<!-- *** Name section *** -->
{{Infobox river
| name =poo head
| other_name = Highland Water
| name = River Lymington or Lymington River
| other_name1 =
| name_other = Highland Water
| image = Ponies by lymington river near brockenhurst.jpg
<!-- *** Image *** --->
| image_size = 288
| image = Ponies by lymington river near brockenhurst.jpg
| image_caption = [[New Forest pony|New Forest ponies]] grazing next to the Lymington River near [[Brockenhurst]]
| image_size = 288
| map =
| image_caption = [[New Forest pony|New Forest ponies]] grazing next to the Lymington River near [[Brockenhurst]]
| map_size = 250
<!-- *** Etymology *** --->
| etymology =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = Hampshire
<!-- *** Country etc. *** -->
| pushpin_map_size = 250
| country = England
| pushpin_map_caption= The mouth in a Hampshire outline natural map.
| country1 =
| subdivision_type1 = Country
| state =
| subdivision_name1 = [[England]]
| state1 =
| subdivision_type3 = Region
| region = [[Hampshire]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Hampshire]]
| region1 =
| subdivision_type4 = District
| region2 =
| district = [[New Forest]]
| subdivision_name4 = [[New Forest]]
| district1 =
| length = {{convert|22|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| district2 =
| width_min =
| district3 =
| width_avg =
| district_type =
| width_max =
| city =
| depth_min =
| city1 =
| depth_avg =
| city2 =
| depth_max =
| discharge1_location=
| city3 =
| landmark =
| discharge1_min =
| landmark1 =
| discharge1_avg =
| landmark2 =
| discharge1_max =
| landmark3 =
| source1 =
| source1_location = Ocknell Plain
<!-- *** Geography *** -->
| source1_coordinates= {{coord|50.912|-1.656}}
| length = 22
| source1_elevation = {{convert|105|m}}
| watershed =
| discharge1_location =
| mouth =
| mouth_location = [[Lymington]]
| discharge1 =
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|50.750|-1.533|display=inline,title}}
| discharge_min =
| discharge_location =
| mouth_elevation = 0 metres
| discharge =
| progression =
| discharge_max =
| basin_size =
| tributaries_left = Long Brook, Bagshot Gutter, Etherise Gutter
| discharge_max_note =
| tributaries_right = [[Warwickslade Cutting Railway|Warwickslade Cutting]], '''Fletchers Water''', Ober Water, Passford Water
| discharge2 =
| discharge2_location =
| discharge_note =
<!-- *** Source *** -->
| source_name =
| source_location = Ocknell Plain
| source_district =
| source_region =
| source_state =
| source_country =
| source_lat_d =
| source_lat_m =
| source_lat_s =
| source_lat_NS =
| source_long_d =
| source_long_m =
| source_long_s =
| source_long_EW =
| source_elevation =
| source_length =
<!-- *** Mouth *** -->
| mouth_name =
| mouth_location = [[Lymington]]
| mouth_district =
| mouth_region =
| mouth_state =
| mouth_country =
| mouth_lat_d = 50.75
| mouth_lat_m =
| mouth_lat_s =
| mouth_lat_NS =
| mouth_long_d = -1.533
| mouth_long_m =
| mouth_long_s =
| mouth_long_EW =
| mouth_elevation =
<!-- *** Tributaries *** -->
| tributary_left = Long Brook
| tributary_left1 = Bagshot Gutter
| tributary_left2 = Etherise Gutter
| tributary_left3 =
| tributary_left4 =
| tributary_right = [[Warwickslade Cutting Railway|Warwickslade Cutting]]
| tributary_right1 = Fletchers Water
| tributary_right2 = Ober Water
| tributary_right3 = Passford Water
| tributary_right4 =
<!-- *** Map section *** -->
| pushpin_map = Hampshire
| pushpin_map_relief = 1
| pushpin_map_size = 250
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of the mouth within Hampshire
}}
}}
[[File:Lymington River, Hampshire, England.jpg|thumb|The river at its mouth, looking northwest towards the town of Lymington]]


The '''Lymington River''' is a small river in [[Hampshire]], [[England]], flowing through the [[New Forest]] into the [[Solent]] at the town of [[Lymington]]. The river has a total length of {{convert|22|km|mi|0}}, although the initial part, north of [[Brockenhurst]], is known as '''Highland Water'''.
The '''Lymington River''' drains part of the [[New Forest]] in [[Hampshire]] in southern England. Numerous headwaters to the west of [[Lyndhurst, Hampshire|Lyndhurst]] give rise to the river, including '''Highland Water''', '''Bratley Water''' and '''Fletchers Water'''. From [[Brockenhurst]] the river runs southwards to the [[Solent]] at [[Lymington]].


Highland Water rises north of the Ocknell Inclosure ({{gbmappingsmall|SU243125}}) and flows for {{convert|10|km|mi|0}} to Bolderford Bridge ({{gbmappingsmall|SU291041}}) where it meets Ober Water. From then on it is known as the Lymington River and flows for a further {{convert|12|km|mi|0}} until it enters the Solent ({{gbmappingsmall|SZ3493}}).
Highland Water rises north of the Ocknell Inclosure ({{gbmappingsmall|SU243125}}) and flows for {{convert|10|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} to Bolderford Bridge ({{gbmappingsmall|SU291041}}) where it meets Ober Water. From there, it is known as the Lymington River and flows for a further {{convert|12|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} to ({{gbmappingsmall|SZ3493}}).


==History==
==History==
In 1731 a merchant navy captain, Captain Cross, constructed a causeway across the river to the north of [[Lymington]].<ref name="bruce">Peter Bruce (2001) Solent Hazards, page 63 ISBN 187168031X</ref> He built [[toll house]]s and charged travellers using his causeway, more than a mile south of the existing bridge at [[Boldre]].<ref name="jude">Jude James (2013) ''Lymington Through Time'' ISBN 1445629364</ref> The dam had the effect of impeding the river and contributed to the silting-up of Lymington harbour.<ref name="jude"/> Lymington Corporation complained about the matter in court, but lost their case.<ref name="jude"/> In 1795 it was noted that the mud building up in the channel "has rendered it already very narrow; and will probably in a few years, so completely choke it up, as to make it unnavigable by any ships of considerable burden."<ref>D. Y. (1795) ''Collections for the history of Hampshire, and the bishopric of Winchester: Including the Isles of Wight, Jersey, Guernsey, and Sarke'', Volume 1, Section 2, page 24</ref> The causeway was taken over by the railway company who continued to collect tolls until they were bought out by [[Hampshire County Council]] in 1955, and they discontinued the tolls a few years later.<ref name="jude"/> Even today silting in the harbour as a result of the dam still occurs, although it is ameliorated by the scouring effects of the [[Isle of Wight ferry services|Isle of Wight ferries]].<ref name="bruce"/> Before the causeway was built it is said that the river was tidal as far as [[Brockenhurst]].<ref>David William Garrow (1825) ''The history of Lymington, and its immediate vicinity'', page 29</ref>
In 1731 a merchant navy captain, Captain Cross, constructed a causeway and bridge across the estuary to the north of [[Lymington]].<ref name="bruce">Peter Bruce (2001) Solent Hazards, page 63 {{ISBN|187168031X}}</ref> He built [[toll house]]s and charged travellers using his causeway, more than a mile south of the existing bridge at [[Boldre]].<ref name="jude">Jude James (2013) ''Lymington Through Time'' {{ISBN|1445629364}}</ref> This impedes the river and further silted up Lymington harbour, losing its minor shipping rapidly.<ref name="jude"/> Lymington Corporation pursued the matter in court and lost their case.<ref name="jude"/>
In 1795 the mud building up in the estuary "has rendered it already very narrow; and will probably in a few years, so completely choke it up, as to make it unnavigable by any ships of considerable burden."<ref>D. Y. (1795) ''Collections for the history of Hampshire, and the bishopric of Winchester: Including the Isles of Wight, Jersey, Guernsey, and Sarke'', Volume 1, Section 2, page 24</ref>
The causeway was taken over by the regional rail firm who collected the tolls until, after nationalised rail, it was bought out by [[Hampshire County Council]] in 1955 &ndash; tolls paid down the price and ceased a few years later.<ref name="jude"/> Today silting in the harbour as a result of the structure (almost a dam) occurs, but is ameliorated a higher sea level and the scouring effects of the [[Isle of Wight ferry services|Isle of Wight ferries]].<ref name="bruce"/> Before the structure it is said the diurnal tide influenced flow up to [[Brockenhurst]].<ref>David William Garrow (1825) ''The history of Lymington, and its immediate vicinity'', page 29</ref>

Against the sea, the outer limit of the end of the estuary's mud at low tide is 550&ndash;650&nbsp;metres closer to land than in 1895.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://maps.nls.uk/geo/explore/#zoom=14&lat=50.74035&lon=-1.52865&layers=6&b=7|title = Explore georeferenced maps - Map images - National Library of Scotland}}</ref>


==Reedbeds==
==Reedbeds==
The river's extensive [[reedbeds]] are an important [[Site of Special Scientific Interest]].
The river's extensive [[reedbeds]] are a [[Site of Special Scientific Interest]].

==Water quality==
The Environment Agency measure water quality of the river systems in England. Each is given an overall ecological status, which may be one of five levels: high, good, moderate, poor and bad. There are several components that are used to determine this, including biological status, which looks at the quantity and varieties of [[invertebrate]]s, [[angiosperm]]s and fish. Chemical status, which compares the concentrations of various chemicals against known safe concentrations, is rated good or fail.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://environment.data.gov.uk/catchment-planning/help/glossary |website=Catchment Data Explorer |title=Glossary (see Biological quality element; Chemical status; and Ecological status) |publisher=Environment Agency |date=17 February 2016}} [[File:UKOpenGovernmentLicence.svg|30px]] Text was copied from this source, which is available under an [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/ Open Government Licence v3.0]. © Crown copyright. </ref>

Water quality of the Lymington River in 2019:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Section !! Ecological<br/>Status !! Chemical<br/>Status !! Overall<br/>Status !! Length !! Catchment !! Channel
|-
| {{waterqual_title |desc=Lymington River|asset= GB107042011220}}
| {{waterqual_mod}}
| {{waterqual_fail}}
| {{waterqual_mod}}
| {{convert| 21.928 |km|mi|abbr=on}}
| {{convert| 49.376 |km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
| Heavily modified
|-
| {{waterqual_title |desc=Highland Water|asset=GB107042016720}}
| {{waterqual_mod}}
| {{waterqual_fail}}
| {{waterqual_mod}}
| {{convert|14.695|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|26.353|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|
|-
| {{waterqual_title |desc=Black Water|asset= GB107042016710}}
| {{waterqual_good}}
| {{waterqual_fail}}
| {{waterqual_mod}}
| {{convert|8.307|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|20.742|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|
|-
| {{waterqual_title |desc=Ober Water|asset= GB107042011360}}
| {{waterqual_good}}
| {{waterqual_fail}}
| {{waterqual_mod}}
| {{convert|14.706|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|22.781|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|
|}

== See also ==
{{Portalpar|Hampshire
}}

* [[Lymington and Keyhaven Marshes]]
* [[Hurst Castle and Lymington River Estuary]]


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category inline|Lymington River}}
{{Commons category-inline|Lymington River}}


<!--{{coord|50|45|N|1|32|W|display=title|region:GB_type:river_source:GNS-enwiki}}-->
<!--{{coord|50|45|N|1|32|W|display=title|region:GB_type:river_source:GNS-enwiki}}-->
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{{SSSIs Hampshire biological}}
{{SSSIs Hampshire biological}}
{{Hydrology of Hampshire}}
{{Hydrology of Hampshire}}

{{authority control}}


[[Category:Lymington]]
[[Category:Lymington]]
[[Category:Rivers of Hampshire|Lymington River]]
[[Category:Rivers of Hampshire]]
[[Category:Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Hampshire]]
[[Category:Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Hampshire]]

Latest revision as of 20:00, 27 January 2023

River Lymington or Lymington River
Highland Water
New Forest ponies grazing next to the Lymington River near Brockenhurst
Lymington River is located in Hampshire
Lymington River
The mouth in a Hampshire outline natural map.
Location
CountryEngland
RegionHampshire
DistrictNew Forest
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • locationOcknell Plain
 • coordinates50°54′43″N 1°39′22″W / 50.912°N 1.656°W / 50.912; -1.656
 • elevation105 metres (344 ft)
Mouth 
 • location
Lymington
 • coordinates
50°45′00″N 1°31′59″W / 50.750°N 1.533°W / 50.750; -1.533
 • elevation
0 metres
Length22 km (14 mi)
Basin features
Tributaries 
 • leftLong Brook, Bagshot Gutter, Etherise Gutter
 • rightWarwickslade Cutting, Fletchers Water, Ober Water, Passford Water
The river at its mouth, looking northwest towards the town of Lymington

The Lymington River drains part of the New Forest in Hampshire in southern England. Numerous headwaters to the west of Lyndhurst give rise to the river, including Highland Water, Bratley Water and Fletchers Water. From Brockenhurst the river runs southwards to the Solent at Lymington.

Highland Water rises north of the Ocknell Inclosure (SU243125) and flows for 10 km (6 mi) to Bolderford Bridge (SU291041) where it meets Ober Water. From there, it is known as the Lymington River and flows for a further 12 km (7 mi) to (SZ3493).

History[edit]

In 1731 a merchant navy captain, Captain Cross, constructed a causeway and bridge across the estuary to the north of Lymington.[1] He built toll houses and charged travellers using his causeway, more than a mile south of the existing bridge at Boldre.[2] This impedes the river and further silted up Lymington harbour, losing its minor shipping rapidly.[2] Lymington Corporation pursued the matter in court and lost their case.[2]

In 1795 the mud building up in the estuary "has rendered it already very narrow; and will probably in a few years, so completely choke it up, as to make it unnavigable by any ships of considerable burden."[3]

The causeway was taken over by the regional rail firm who collected the tolls until, after nationalised rail, it was bought out by Hampshire County Council in 1955 – tolls paid down the price and ceased a few years later.[2] Today silting in the harbour as a result of the structure (almost a dam) occurs, but is ameliorated a higher sea level and the scouring effects of the Isle of Wight ferries.[1] Before the structure it is said the diurnal tide influenced flow up to Brockenhurst.[4]

Against the sea, the outer limit of the end of the estuary's mud at low tide is 550–650 metres closer to land than in 1895.[5]

Reedbeds[edit]

The river's extensive reedbeds are a Site of Special Scientific Interest.

Water quality[edit]

The Environment Agency measure water quality of the river systems in England. Each is given an overall ecological status, which may be one of five levels: high, good, moderate, poor and bad. There are several components that are used to determine this, including biological status, which looks at the quantity and varieties of invertebrates, angiosperms and fish. Chemical status, which compares the concentrations of various chemicals against known safe concentrations, is rated good or fail.[6]

Water quality of the Lymington River in 2019:

Section Ecological
Status		 Chemical
Status		 Overall
Status		 Length Catchment Channel
Lymington River[7] Moderate Fail Moderate 21.928 km (13.625 mi) 49.376 km2 (19.064 sq mi) Heavily modified
Highland Water[8] Moderate Fail Moderate 14.695 km (9.131 mi) 26.353 km2 (10.175 sq mi)
Black Water[9] Good Fail Moderate 8.307 km (5.162 mi) 20.742 km2 (8.009 sq mi)
Ober Water[10] Good Fail Moderate 14.706 km (9.138 mi) 22.781 km2 (8.796 sq mi)

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Peter Bruce (2001) Solent Hazards, page 63 ISBN 187168031X
  2. ^ a b c d Jude James (2013) Lymington Through Time ISBN 1445629364
  3. ^ D. Y. (1795) Collections for the history of Hampshire, and the bishopric of Winchester: Including the Isles of Wight, Jersey, Guernsey, and Sarke, Volume 1, Section 2, page 24
  4. ^ David William Garrow (1825) The history of Lymington, and its immediate vicinity, page 29
  5. ^ "Explore georeferenced maps - Map images - National Library of Scotland".
  6. ^ "Glossary (see Biological quality element; Chemical status; and Ecological status)". Catchment Data Explorer. Environment Agency. 17 February 2016. Text was copied from this source, which is available under an Open Government Licence v3.0. © Crown copyright.
  7. ^ "Lymington River". Catchment Data Explorer. Environment Agency.
  8. ^ "Highland Water". Catchment Data Explorer. Environment Agency.
  9. ^ "Black Water". Catchment Data Explorer. Environment Agency.
  10. ^ "Ober Water". Catchment Data Explorer. Environment Agency.

External links[edit]

Media related to Lymington River at Wikimedia Commons


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