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{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{automatic taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Hibbertia scandens orig.jpg
|image = Hibbertia scandens orig.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Hibbertia scandens]]''
|image_caption = ''[[Hibbertia scandens]]''
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[[Image:Hibbertia grossulariifolia marg rvr email.jpg|thumb|''[[Hibbertia grossulariifolia]]'', [[Margaret River, Western Australia|Margaret River]] region, WA]]
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[[Image:Hibbertia_stellaris.jpg|thumb|''[[Hibbertia stellaris]]'']]


'''''Hibbertia''''', commonly known as '''guinea flowers''',<ref name="efloraSA" /> is a genus of flowering plants in the family [[Dilleniaceae]]. They are usually shrubs with simple leaves and usually yellow flowers with five [[sepal]]s and five [[petal]]s. There are about 400 species, most of which occur in Australia but a few species occur in New Guinea, New Caledonia, Fiji and [[Madagascar]].
'''''Hibbertia''''', commonly known as '''guinea flowers''',<ref name="efloraSA" /> is a genus of flowering plants in the family [[Dilleniaceae]]. They are usually shrubs with simple leaves and usually yellow flowers with five [[sepal]]s and five [[petal]]s. There are about 400 species, most of which occur in Australia but a few species occur in New Guinea, New Caledonia, Fiji and [[Madagascar]].


==Description==
==Description==
Plants in the genus ''Hibbertia'' are usually shrubs, rarely climbers and often form mats. Their leaves are usually arranged alternately along the stems, usually [[Sessility (botany)|sessile]], clustered on short side-branches, and have smooth, rarely toothed or lobed edges. The flowers are usually arranged singly in leaf axils or on the ends of stems and have five sepals, two "outer" sepals slightly overlapping the three "inner" ones. There are five yellow, rarely orange, petals and the [[stamen]]s are usually arranged in three to five groups, sometimes on only one side of the [[Gynoecium#Carpels|carpels]]. There are between two and five carpels, usually free from each other, each containing up to six [[ovule]]s and with a [[Stigma (botany)#Style|style]] on the top. The fruit is a [[Follicle (fruit)|follicle]] containing seeds, usually with an [[aril]].<ref name="RBGV">{{cite web |last1=Toelken |first1=Hellmut R. |title=''Hibbertia'' |url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/73ff9ddb-8eea-4734-86a6-b32984e34356 |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria |access-date=17 March 2021}}</ref><ref name="RBGS">{{cite web |title=''Hibbertia'' |url=https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&showsyn=&dist=&constat=&lvl=gn&name=Hibbertia |publisher=Royal Botanic Garden Sydney |access-date=17 March 2021}}</ref><ref name=FloraBase>{{FloraBase | name = ''Hibbertia'' | id = 22466}}</ref>
Plants in the genus ''Hibbertia'' are usually shrubs, rarely climbers, and often form mats. Their leaves are usually arranged alternately along the stems, usually [[Sessility (botany)|sessile]], clustered on short side-branches, and have smooth, rarely toothed or lobed edges. The flowers are usually arranged singly in leaf axils or on the ends of stems and have five sepals, two "outer" sepals slightly overlapping the three "inner" ones. There are five yellow, rarely orange, petals and the [[stamen]]s are usually arranged in three to five groups, sometimes on only one side of the [[Gynoecium#Carpels|carpels]]. There are between two and five carpels, usually free from each other, each containing up to six [[ovule]]s and with a [[Stigma (botany)#Style|style]] on the top. The fruit is a [[Follicle (fruit)|follicle]] containing seeds, usually with an [[aril]].<ref name="RBGV">{{cite web |last1=Toelken |first1=Hellmut R. |title=''Hibbertia'' |url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/73ff9ddb-8eea-4734-86a6-b32984e34356 |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria |access-date=17 March 2021}}</ref><ref name="RBGS">{{cite web |title=''Hibbertia'' |url=https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&showsyn=&dist=&constat=&lvl=gn&name=Hibbertia |publisher=Royal Botanic Garden Sydney |access-date=17 March 2021}}</ref><ref name=FloraBase>{{FloraBase | name = ''Hibbertia'' | id = 22466}}</ref>


==Taxonomy and naming==
==Taxonomy and naming==
The genus ''Hibbertia'' was first formally described in 1800 by [[Henry Cranke Andrews]] in his book ''The Botanist's Repository for New, and Rare Plants'' and the first species he described was ''H. volubilis'', now known as ''[[Hibbertia scandens|H. scandens]]''.<ref name=APNI>{{cite web|title=''Hibbertia''|url= http://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/465034|publisher=APNI|access-date=17 March 2021}}</ref><ref name="Andrews">{{cite book |last1=Andrews |first1=Henry Cranke |title=The Botanist's Repository for New, and Rare Plants |volume=2|date=1800 |publisher=H.C.Andrews |location=London |page=126 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109209#page/108/mode/1up |access-date=9 July 2020}}</ref><ref name=APC1>{{cite web|title=''Hibbertia scandens''|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/90786|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=16 March 2021}}</ref> The name ''Hibbertia'' honours [[George Hibbert]], a patrony of botany.<ref name="efloraSA">{{cite web |title=''Hibbertia'' |url=http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/cgi-bin/speciesfacts_display.cgi?form=speciesfacts&name=Hibbertia |publisher=State Herbarium of South Australia |access-date=17 March 2021}}</ref><ref name=Corrick>{{cite book|author1=Corrick, M.G. |author2=Fuhrer, B.A.| title=Wildflowers of Victoria and adjoining areas| publisher=Bloomings Books|location= Australia | year=2001 | isbn=1876473142}}</ref> The common name, guinea flower reflects the resemblance of the flowers to the colour and shaped of the [[Guinea (coin)|guinea]] coin.<ref name="APS">{{cite web |title=''Hibbertia scandens'' |url=https://resources.austplants.com.au/plant/hibbertia-scandens/ |publisher=Australian Plants Society NSW |access-date=17 March 2021}}</ref>
The genus ''Hibbertia'' was first formally described in 1800 by [[Henry Cranke Andrews]] in his book ''The Botanist's Repository for New, and Rare Plants'' and the first species he described was ''H. volubilis'', now known as ''[[Hibbertia scandens|H. scandens]]''.<ref name=APNI>{{cite web|title=''Hibbertia''|url= http://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/465034|publisher=APNI|access-date=17 March 2021}}</ref><ref name="Andrews">{{cite book |last1=Andrews |first1=Henry Cranke |title=The Botanist's Repository for New, and Rare Plants |volume=2|date=1800 |publisher=H.C.Andrews |location=London |page=126 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109209#page/108/mode/1up |access-date=9 July 2020}}</ref><ref name=APC1>{{cite web|title=''Hibbertia scandens''|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/90786|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=16 March 2021}}</ref> The name ''Hibbertia'' honours [[George Hibbert]], a patron of botany and slave trader.<ref name="efloraSA">{{cite web |title=''Hibbertia'' |url=http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/cgi-bin/speciesfacts_display.cgi?form=speciesfacts&name=Hibbertia |publisher=State Herbarium of South Australia |access-date=17 March 2021}}</ref><ref name=Corrick>{{cite book|author1=Corrick, M.G. |author2=Fuhrer, B.A.| title=Wildflowers of Victoria and adjoining areas| publisher=Bloomings Books|location= Australia | year=2001 | isbn=1876473142}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Kindy |first1=Dave |title=Scientists want to rename the Hitler beetle — but not for the reason you think |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2023/09/24/hitler-beetle-offensive-species-names/ |work=Washington Post |date=21 September 2023}}</ref> The common name, guinea flower reflects the resemblance of the flowers to the colour and shape of the [[Guinea (coin)|guinea]] coin.<ref name="APS">{{cite web |title=''Hibbertia scandens'' |url=https://resources.austplants.com.au/plant/hibbertia-scandens/ |publisher=Australian Plants Society NSW |access-date=17 March 2021}}</ref>


==Species==
===Species list===
See [[List of Hibbertia species|List of ''Hibbertia'' species]]
See [[List of Hibbertia species|List of ''Hibbertia'' species]]

⚫
[[Image:Hibbertia grossulariifolia marg rvr email.jpg|thumb|''[[Hibbertia grossulariifolia]]'', [[Margaret River, Western Australia|Margaret River]] region, WA]]
⚫
[[Image:Hibbertia_stellaris.jpg|thumb|''[[Hibbertia stellaris]]'']]


==References==
==References==
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q2709465}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Hibbertia| ]]
[[Category:Hibbertia| ]]
[[Category:Eudicot genera]]
[[Category:Eudicot genera]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Henry Cranke Andrews]]

Latest revision as of 21:23, 12 March 2024

Hibbertia
Hibbertia scandens
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Dilleniales
Family: Dilleniaceae
Genus: Hibbertia
Andrews[1]
Species

See List of Hibbertia species

Synonyms[1]
List
    • Candollea Labill. nom. illeg.
    • Hibbertia sect. Cyclandra F.Muell. nom. inval.
    • Hibbertia sect. Euhibbertia Benth. nom. inval.
    • Eeldea T.Durand
    • Hibbertia sect. Candollea Gilg
    • Hemistemma Thouars nom. inval., nom. nud.
    • Hemistema Thouars orth. var.
    • Hemistemma Juss. ex Thouars
    • Pleurandra Labill.
    • Burtonia Salisb. nom. rej.
    • Pachynema R.Br. ex DC.
    • Cistomorpha Caley ex DC. nom. inval., pro syn.
    • Adrastaea DC.
    • Adrastea Spreng. orth. var.
    • Hibbertia sect. Burtonia (Salisb.) G.Don
    • Ochrolasia Turcz.
    • Huttia J.Drumm. ex Harv.
    • Hemistephus J.Drumm. ex Harv.
    • Warburtonia F.Muell.
    • Pachynema sect. Huttia (J.Drumm. ex Harv.) Benth. & Hook.f.
    • Pachynema R.Br. ex DC. sect. Pachynema
    • Hibbertia sect. Hemistemma (Thouars) Benth.
    • Hibbertia sect. Pleurandra (Labill.) Benth.
    • Hibbertia sect. Huttia (J.Drumm. ex Harv.) F.Muell.
    • Pleurandros St.-Lag. orth. var.
    • Pachynema sect. Stemmatanthus F.Muell. & Tate
    • Pachynema sect. Stematanthus Gilg & Werderm. orth. var.
    • Hibbertia sect. Hemistema A.D.Chapm. orth. var.
Hibbertia grossulariifolia, Margaret River region, WA
Hibbertia stellaris

Hibbertia, commonly known as guinea flowers,[2] is a genus of flowering plants in the family Dilleniaceae. They are usually shrubs with simple leaves and usually yellow flowers with five sepals and five petals. There are about 400 species, most of which occur in Australia but a few species occur in New Guinea, New Caledonia, Fiji and Madagascar.

Description[edit]

Plants in the genus Hibbertia are usually shrubs, rarely climbers, and often form mats. Their leaves are usually arranged alternately along the stems, usually sessile, clustered on short side-branches, and have smooth, rarely toothed or lobed edges. The flowers are usually arranged singly in leaf axils or on the ends of stems and have five sepals, two "outer" sepals slightly overlapping the three "inner" ones. There are five yellow, rarely orange, petals and the stamens are usually arranged in three to five groups, sometimes on only one side of the carpels. There are between two and five carpels, usually free from each other, each containing up to six ovules and with a style on the top. The fruit is a follicle containing seeds, usually with an aril.[3][4][5]

Taxonomy and naming[edit]

The genus Hibbertia was first formally described in 1800 by Henry Cranke Andrews in his book The Botanist's Repository for New, and Rare Plants and the first species he described was H. volubilis, now known as H. scandens.[6][7][8] The name Hibbertia honours George Hibbert, a patron of botany and slave trader.[2][9][10] The common name, guinea flower reflects the resemblance of the flowers to the colour and shape of the guinea coin.[11]

Species list[edit]

See List of Hibbertia species

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Hibbertia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Hibbertia". State Herbarium of South Australia. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  3. ^ Toelken, Hellmut R. "Hibbertia". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  4. ^ "Hibbertia". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  5. ^ "Hibbertia". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  6. ^ "Hibbertia". APNI. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  7. ^ Andrews, Henry Cranke (1800). The Botanist's Repository for New, and Rare Plants. Vol. 2. London: H.C.Andrews. p. 126. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  8. ^ "Hibbertia scandens". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
  9. ^ Corrick, M.G.; Fuhrer, B.A. (2001). Wildflowers of Victoria and adjoining areas. Australia: Bloomings Books. ISBN 1876473142.
  10. ^ Kindy, Dave (21 September 2023). "Scientists want to rename the Hitler beetle — but not for the reason you think". Washington Post.
  11. ^ "Hibbertia scandens". Australian Plants Society NSW. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
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