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[[File:Maximinus Thrax Musei Capitolini MC473.jpg|thumb|Emperor [[Maximinus Thrax]]]] |
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Year '''235''' ('''[[Roman numerals|CCXXXV]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Severus and Quintianus''' (or, less frequently, '''year 988 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 235 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. |
Year '''235''' ('''[[Roman numerals|CCXXXV]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Severus and Quintianus''' (or, less frequently, '''year 988 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 235 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. |
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==== Roman Empire ==== |
==== Roman Empire ==== |
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* [[March 22]] – Emperor [[Severus Alexander]] and his mother [[Julia Avita Mamaea|Iulia Mamaea]] are murdered by their own soldiers. The soldiers proclaim [[Maximinus Thrax]] as emperor. The [[Severan dynasty]] ends, marking the beginning of the [[Crisis of the Third Century]].<ref name="Monumenta2">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5IpPhTqnDJkC&pg=PA157 |title=Monumenta Graeca et Romana: Mutilation and transformation : damnatio memoriae and Roman imperial portraiture |date=1 January 2004 |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |isbn=90-04-13577-4 |pages=157}}</ref> |
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* Said to have been the beginning of the decline of the Roman empire. |
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* [[March 19]] – Emperor [[Alexander Severus]] and his mother [[Julia Avita Mamaea|Julia Mamaea]] are [[murder]]ed by [[Roman legionary|legionaries]] near [[Moguntiacum]] (modern [[Mainz]]); [[Legio XXII Primigenia|Legio XXII ''Primigenia'']] mutinies. The [[Severan dynasty]] ends. |
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* [[March 20]] – [[Maximinus Thrax]], age 62, is proclaimed emperor. He has a [[Goths|Gothic]] father and an [[Alans|Alan]] mother. A [[Thracian]], he is the first foreigner to hold the Roman [[throne]]. |
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* Widely considered to be the beginning of the [[Crisis of the Third Century]]: The [[Roman Empire]] is under pressure by the [[Alamanni]], [[Franks]], [[Goths]], [[Quadi]] and [[Sassanid Empire|Sassanids]] ([[Sasanian Empire|Persia]]). |
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==== China ==== |
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* Future [[Emperor]] of [[Cao Wei]], [[Cao Fang]], is instated as the Prince of Qi. |
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=== By topic === |
=== By topic === |
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==== Religion ==== |
==== Religion ==== |
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* [[September 28]] – [[Pope Pontian]] resigns, the first to abdicate, because he and [[Hippolytus (writer)|Hippolytus]], church leader of [[Ancient Rome|Rome]], are exiled to the [[mining|mines]] of [[Sardinia]]. Emperor Maximinus persecutes the [[ |
* [[September 28]] – [[Pope Pontian]] resigns, the first to abdicate, because he and [[Hippolytus (writer)|Hippolytus]], church leader of [[Ancient Rome|Rome]], are exiled to the [[mining|mines]] of [[Sardinia]]. Emperor Maximinus persecutes the [[Christians]].<ref name="ce2">Kirsch, Johann Peter (1911). "Pope St. Pontian" in ''The Catholic Encyclopedia''. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</ref> |
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* [[November 21]] – [[Pope Anterus]] succeeds Pontian as the nineteenth [[ |
* [[November 21]] – [[Pope Anterus|Anterus]] succeeds Pontian as the nineteenth pope of [[Ancient Rome|Rome]].<ref name="ce">Shahan, Thomas (1907). "Pope St. Anterus" in ''The Catholic Encyclopedia''. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</ref> |
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* [[Origen]] makes revisions to the [[Septuagint]]. |
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</onlyinclude> |
</onlyinclude> |
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== Births == |
== Births == |
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* [[Sun Xiu]], Chinese emperor of the [[Eastern Wu]] state (d. [[264]])<ref>{{Cite book |last=Xiong |first=Victor Cunrui |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UD8Nvn7Ca18C&pg=PA484 |title=Historical Dictionary of Medieval China |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |year=2009 |isbn=9780810860537 |pages=484}}</ref> |
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* [[Sun Xiu]], emperor of the Chinese [[Kingdom of Wu]] (d. [[264]]) |
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== Deaths == |
== Deaths == |
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* [[March |
* [[March 22]] – [[Severus Alexander]], Roman emperor (b. [[208]])<ref name="Monumenta2" /> |
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* [[Cao Gun]], Chinese imperial prince<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=[[Rafe de Crespigny]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=49OvCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA279 |title=A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms |publisher=Brill |year=2006 |isbn=9789047411840 |pages=42, 279}}</ref> |
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* [[October]] – [[Pope Pontian]] |
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* [[Cassius Dio]], Roman historian<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Dio-Cassius | access-date=February 24, 2024 | title=Cassius Dio | date=January 1, 2024 | series=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref> |
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⚫ | |||
* [[Chen Zhen (Three Kingdoms)|Chen Zhen]] (or '''Xiaoqi'''), Chinese official and politician<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lfB5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA383 |title=Ancient and Early Medieval Chinese Literature |publisher=BRILL |year=2010 |isbn=9789047444664 |volume=1 |pages=383}}</ref> |
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* [[Julia Avita Mamaea]], mother of Alexander Severus (b. c. [[180]]) |
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* [[Magnus (usurper)|Gaius Petronius Magnus]], Roman consul and [[Roman usurper|usurper]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maximinus Thrax |url=http://www.roman-emperors.org/maxthrax.htm#Note%202 |website=[[De Imperatoribus Romanis]] |access-date=March 12, 2022 |archive-date=June 9, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190609232742/http://www.roman-emperors.org/maxthrax.htm#Note%202 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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* [[Yang Yi]], minister of [[Shu Han]] |
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* [[Guo Nüwang]], Chinese emperres<ref name=":0" /> |
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* [[Chen Zhen (Three Kingdoms)|Chen Zhen]], minister of [[Shu Han]] |
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* [[Kebineng]], [[Xianbei]] chieftain |
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* [[ |
* [[Julia Avita Mamaea]], mother of Severus Alexander (b. [[180]]) |
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* [[Tiberius Julius Cotys III]] (or '''Kotys'''), Roman client king |
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* [[Tiberius Julius Rhescuporis IV]], Roman client king |
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* [[Quartinus|Titius Quartinus]], Roman governor and usurper |
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* [[Xin Pi]] (or '''Zuozhi'''), Chinese official and politician |
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* [[Yang Yi (Shu Han)|Yang Yi]] (or '''Weigong'''), Chinese official and adviser |
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== References == |
== References == |
Latest revision as of 21:39, 24 March 2024
Millennium: | 1st millennium |
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Centuries: | |
Decades: | |
Years: |
235 by topic |
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Leaders |
Categories |
Gregorian calendar | 235 CCXXXV |
Ab urbe condita | 988 |
Assyrian calendar | 4985 |
Balinese saka calendar | 156–157 |
Bengali calendar | −358 |
Berber calendar | 1185 |
Buddhist calendar | 779 |
Burmese calendar | −403 |
Byzantine calendar | 5743–5744 |
Chinese calendar | 甲寅年 (Wood Tiger) 2932 or 2725 — to — 乙卯年 (Wood Rabbit) 2933 or 2726 |
Coptic calendar | −49 – −48 |
Discordian calendar | 1401 |
Ethiopian calendar | 227–228 |
Hebrew calendar | 3995–3996 |
Hindu calendars | |
- Vikram Samvat | 291–292 |
- Shaka Samvat | 156–157 |
- Kali Yuga | 3335–3336 |
Holocene calendar | 10235 |
Iranian calendar | 387 BP – 386 BP |
Islamic calendar | 399 BH – 398 BH |
Javanese calendar | 113–114 |
Julian calendar | 235 CCXXXV |
Korean calendar | 2568 |
Minguo calendar | 1677 before ROC 民前1677年 |
Nanakshahi calendar | −1233 |
Seleucid era | 546/547 AG |
Thai solar calendar | 777–778 |
Tibetan calendar | 阳木虎年 (male Wood-Tiger) 361 or −20 or −792 — to — 阴木兔年 (female Wood-Rabbit) 362 or −19 or −791 |
Year 235 (CCXXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Severus and Quintianus (or, less frequently, year 988 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 235 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events[edit]
By place[edit]
Roman Empire[edit]
- March 22 – Emperor Severus Alexander and his mother Iulia Mamaea are murdered by their own soldiers. The soldiers proclaim Maximinus Thrax as emperor. The Severan dynasty ends, marking the beginning of the Crisis of the Third Century.[1]
By topic[edit]
Religion[edit]
- September 28 – Pope Pontian resigns, the first to abdicate, because he and Hippolytus, church leader of Rome, are exiled to the mines of Sardinia. Emperor Maximinus persecutes the Christians.[2]
- November 21 – Anterus succeeds Pontian as the nineteenth pope of Rome.[3]
Births[edit]
- Sun Xiu, Chinese emperor of the Eastern Wu state (d. 264)[4]
Deaths[edit]
- March 22 – Severus Alexander, Roman emperor (b. 208)[1]
- Cao Gun, Chinese imperial prince[5]
- Cassius Dio, Roman historian[6]
- Chen Zhen (or Xiaoqi), Chinese official and politician[7]
- Gaius Petronius Magnus, Roman consul and usurper[8]
- Guo Nüwang, Chinese emperres[5]
- Hippolytus, Christian theologian and writer (b. 170)
- Julia Avita Mamaea, mother of Severus Alexander (b. 180)
- Tiberius Julius Cotys III (or Kotys), Roman client king
- Tiberius Julius Rhescuporis IV, Roman client king
- Titius Quartinus, Roman governor and usurper
- Xin Pi (or Zuozhi), Chinese official and politician
- Yang Yi (or Weigong), Chinese official and adviser
References[edit]
- ^ a b Monumenta Graeca et Romana: Mutilation and transformation : damnatio memoriae and Roman imperial portraiture. Brill Publishers. January 1, 2004. p. 157. ISBN 90-04-13577-4.
- ^ Kirsch, Johann Peter (1911). "Pope St. Pontian" in The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
- ^ Shahan, Thomas (1907). "Pope St. Anterus" in The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
- ^ Xiong, Victor Cunrui (2009). Historical Dictionary of Medieval China. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 484. ISBN 9780810860537.
- ^ a b Rafe de Crespigny (2006). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms. Brill. pp. 42, 279. ISBN 9789047411840.
- ^ "Cassius Dio". Encyclopædia Britannica. January 1, 2024. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
- ^ Ancient and Early Medieval Chinese Literature. Vol. 1. BRILL. 2010. p. 383. ISBN 9789047444664.
- ^ "Maximinus Thrax". De Imperatoribus Romanis. Archived from the original on June 9, 2019. Retrieved March 12, 2022.