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{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{Year dab|235}}
{{Year dab|235}}
{{unreferenced|date=January 2017}}
{{Year nav|235}}
{{Year nav|235}}
{{M1 year in topic}}
{{M1 year in topic}}
[[File:Maximinus Thrax Musei Capitolini MC473.jpg|thumb|Emperor [[Maximinus Thrax]]]]
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Year '''235''' ('''[[Roman numerals|CCXXXV]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Severus and Quintianus''' (or, less frequently, '''year 988 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 235 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Year '''235''' ('''[[Roman numerals|CCXXXV]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Severus and Quintianus''' (or, less frequently, '''year 988 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 235 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
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==== Roman Empire ====
==== Roman Empire ====
* [[March 22]] &ndash; Emperor [[Severus Alexander]] and his mother [[Julia Avita Mamaea|Iulia Mamaea]] are murdered by their own soldiers. The soldiers proclaim [[Maximinus Thrax]] as emperor. The [[Severan dynasty]] ends, marking the beginning of the [[Crisis of the Third Century]].<ref name="Monumenta2">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5IpPhTqnDJkC&pg=PA157 |title=Monumenta Graeca et Romana: Mutilation and transformation : damnatio memoriae and Roman imperial portraiture |date=1 January 2004 |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |isbn=90-04-13577-4 |pages=157}}</ref>
* Said to have been the beginning of the decline of the Roman empire.
* [[March 19]] &ndash; Emperor [[Alexander Severus]] and his mother [[Julia Avita Mamaea|Iulia Mamaea]] are [[murder]]ed by their own soldiers near [[Moguntiacum]] (modern [[Mainz]]); [[Legio XXII Primigenia|Legio XXII ''Primigenia'']] mutinies. The [[Severan dynasty]] ends. This marks the epoch event of the Crisis of the Third Century.
* [[March 20]] &ndash; [[Maximinus Thrax]], age 62, is proclaimed Augustus. He is not a senator but the second emperor of the equestrian order since Macrinus 17 years earlier. Maximinus had been a common soldier in the army, serving in the Auxilia and the Imperial Horseguards to become governor of several provinces.
* Widely considered to be the beginning of the [[Crisis of the Third Century]]: The [[Roman Empire]] is under pressure by the [[Alamanni]], [[Franks]], [[Goths]], [[Quadi]] and [[Sassanid Empire|Sassanids]] ([[Sasanian Empire|Persia]]).


=== By topic ===
=== By topic ===


==== Religion ====
==== Religion ====
* [[September 28]] &ndash; [[Pope Pontian]] resigns, the first to abdicate, because he and [[Hippolytus (writer)|Hippolytus]], church leader of [[Ancient Rome|Rome]], are exiled to the [[mining|mines]] of [[Sardinia]]. Emperor Maximinus persecutes the [[Christians]].
* [[September 28]] &ndash; [[Pope Pontian]] resigns, the first to abdicate, because he and [[Hippolytus (writer)|Hippolytus]], church leader of [[Ancient Rome|Rome]], are exiled to the [[mining|mines]] of [[Sardinia]]. Emperor Maximinus persecutes the [[Christians]].<ref name="ce2">Kirsch, Johann Peter (1911). "Pope St. Pontian" in ''The Catholic Encyclopedia''. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</ref>
* [[November 21]] &ndash; [[Pope Anterus]] succeeds Pontian as the nineteenth [[pope]].
* [[November 21]] &ndash; [[Pope Anterus|Anterus]] succeeds Pontian as the nineteenth pope of [[Ancient Rome|Rome]].<ref name="ce">Shahan, Thomas (1907). "Pope St. Anterus" in ''The Catholic Encyclopedia''. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</ref>
* [[Oxygen]] makes revisions to the [[Septuagint]].
</onlyinclude>
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
== Births ==
* [[Sun Xiu]], Chinese emperor of the [[Eastern Wu]] state (d. [[264]])
* [[Sun Xiu]], Chinese emperor of the [[Eastern Wu]] state (d. [[264]])<ref>{{Cite book |last=Xiong |first=Victor Cunrui |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UD8Nvn7Ca18C&pg=PA484 |title=Historical Dictionary of Medieval China |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |year=2009 |isbn=9780810860537 |pages=484}}</ref>
* [[Cao Cao]], Chinese emperor of the [[Cao Wei]] state (d. [[155]])
* [[Liu Bei]], Chinese emperor of the [[Shu Han]] state (d. [[161]])
* [[Sun Quan]], Chinese emperor of the [[Eastern Wu]] state (d. [[182]])


== Deaths ==
== Deaths ==
* [[March 14]] &ndash; [[Guo Nüwang]], Chinese empress of the [[Cao Wei]] state (b. [[184]])
* [[March 22]] &ndash; [[Severus Alexander]], Roman emperor (b. [[208]])<ref name="Monumenta2" />
* [[Cao Gun]], Chinese imperial prince<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=[[Rafe de Crespigny]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=49OvCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA279 |title=A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms |publisher=Brill |year=2006 |isbn=9789047411840 |pages=42, 279}}</ref>
* [[March 19]] &ndash; [[Severus Alexander]], [[Roman Emperors|Roman Emperor]] (b. [[208]])
* [[Cassius Dio]], Roman historian<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Dio-Cassius | access-date=February 24, 2024 | title=Cassius Dio | date=January 1, 2024 | series=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref>
* [[October]] &ndash; [[Pope Pontian]]
* [[Chen Zhen (Three Kingdoms)|Chen Zhen]] (or '''Xiaoqi'''), Chinese official and politician<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lfB5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA383 |title=Ancient and Early Medieval Chinese Literature |publisher=BRILL |year=2010 |isbn=9789047444664 |volume=1 |pages=383}}</ref>
⚫
* [[Hippolytus (writer)|Hippolytus]], [[Christianity|Christian]] writer (b. [[170]])
* [[Magnus (usurper)|Gaius Petronius Magnus]], Roman consul and [[Roman usurper|usurper]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maximinus Thrax |url=http://www.roman-emperors.org/maxthrax.htm#Note%202 |website=[[De Imperatoribus Romanis]] |access-date=March 12, 2022 |archive-date=June 9, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190609232742/http://www.roman-emperors.org/maxthrax.htm#Note%202 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
⚫
* [[Julia Avita Mamaea]], mother of Alexander Severus (b. c. [[180]])
* [[Guo Nüwang]], Chinese emperres<ref name=":0" />
⚫
* [[Hippolytus of Rome|Hippolytus]], [[Christianity|Christian]] theologian and writer (b. [[170]])
⚫
* [[Julia Avita Mamaea]], mother of Severus Alexander (b. [[180]])
* [[Tiberius Julius Cotys III]] (or '''Kotys'''), Roman client king
* [[Tiberius Julius Rhescuporis IV]], Roman client king
* [[Quartinus|Titius Quartinus]], Roman governor and usurper
* [[Xin Pi]] (or '''Zuozhi'''), Chinese official and politician
* [[Yang Yi (Shu Han)|Yang Yi]] (or '''Weigong'''), Chinese official and adviser


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 21:39, 24 March 2024

This article is about the year 235. For the number, see 235 (number).
Millennium: 1st millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
235 by topic
Leaders
Categories
235 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar235
CCXXXV
Ab urbe condita988
Assyrian calendar4985
Balinese saka calendar156–157
Bengali calendar−358
Berber calendar1185
Buddhist calendar779
Burmese calendar−403
Byzantine calendar5743–5744
Chinese calendar甲寅年 (Wood Tiger)
2932 or 2725
    — to —
乙卯年 (Wood Rabbit)
2933 or 2726
Coptic calendar−49 – −48
Discordian calendar1401
Ethiopian calendar227–228
Hebrew calendar3995–3996
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat291–292
 - Shaka Samvat156–157
 - Kali Yuga3335–3336
Holocene calendar10235
Iranian calendar387 BP – 386 BP
Islamic calendar399 BH – 398 BH
Javanese calendar113–114
Julian calendar235
CCXXXV
Korean calendar2568
Minguo calendar1677 before ROC
民前1677年
Nanakshahi calendar−1233
Seleucid era546/547 AG
Thai solar calendar777–778
Tibetan calendar阳木虎年
(male Wood-Tiger)
361 or −20 or −792
    — to —
阴木兔年
(female Wood-Rabbit)
362 or −19 or −791

Year 235 (CCXXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Severus and Quintianus (or, less frequently, year 988 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 235 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events[edit]

By place[edit]

Roman Empire[edit]

By topic[edit]

Religion[edit]

Births[edit]

Deaths[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Monumenta Graeca et Romana: Mutilation and transformation : damnatio memoriae and Roman imperial portraiture. Brill Publishers. January 1, 2004. p. 157. ISBN 90-04-13577-4.
  2. ^ Kirsch, Johann Peter (1911). "Pope St. Pontian" in The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  3. ^ Shahan, Thomas (1907). "Pope St. Anterus" in The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  4. ^ Xiong, Victor Cunrui (2009). Historical Dictionary of Medieval China. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 484. ISBN 9780810860537.
  5. ^ a b Rafe de Crespigny (2006). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms. Brill. pp. 42, 279. ISBN 9789047411840.
  6. ^ "Cassius Dio". Encyclopædia Britannica. January 1, 2024. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
  7. ^ Ancient and Early Medieval Chinese Literature. Vol. 1. BRILL. 2010. p. 383. ISBN 9789047444664.
  8. ^ "Maximinus Thrax". De Imperatoribus Romanis. Archived from the original on June 9, 2019. Retrieved March 12, 2022.
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