Middelburg, Eastern Cape: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 31°29′38″S 25°1′2″E / 31.49389°S 25.01722°E / -31.49389; 25.01722
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{{About|the town in Eastern Cape||Middelburg (disambiguation)}}
{{About|the town in Eastern Cape||Middelburg (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox South African town
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Middelburg
| name = Middelburg
⚫
| native_name =
| other_name =
| image_skyline = Station Middelburg EC.JPG
| image_skyline = Station Middelburg EC.JPG
| image_caption = Middelburg railway station
| image_caption = Middelburg railway station
| pushpin_map = South Africa Eastern Cape#South Africa#Africa
| latd = 31 |latm = 29 |lats = 38
| coordinates = {{coord|31|29|38|S|25|1|2|E|region:ZA|display=inline,title}}
| longd = 25 |longm = 1 |longs = 2
| province = Eastern Cape
| subdivision_type = [[Country]]
| district = Chris Hani
| subdivision_name = [[South Africa]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of South Africa|Province]]
| municipality = Inxuba Yethemba
| subdivision_name1 = [[Eastern Cape]]
| established_date = 1852<ref name=established>{{cite web|title=Chronological order of town establishment in South Africa based on Floyd (1960:20-26)|url=http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07212011-123414/unrestricted/05back.pdf|pages=xlv-lii}}</ref>
| government_type = <!-- Ward 00 -->
| subdivision_type2 = [[District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Chris Hani District Municipality|Chris Hani]]
| leader_party =
| subdivision_type3 = [[Municipalities of South Africa|Municipality]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Inxuba Yethemba Local Municipality|Inxuba Yethemba]]
| subdivision_type4 = Main Place
| established_title = Established
| established_date = 1852<ref name=established>{{cite thesis |last=Robson |first=Linda Gillian |title=The Royal Engineers and settlement planning in the Cape Colony 1806–1872: Approach, methodology and impact |date=2011 |type=PhD thesis |publisher=University of Pretoria |chapter=Annexure A |chapter-url=https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/26503/05back.pdf?sequence=6&isAllowed=y#page=31 |url=https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/26503 |hdl=2263/26503 |pages=xlv–lii}}</ref>
| leader_title = Councillor
| leader_title = Councillor
| area_footnotes = <ref name="census2011">{{cite web |url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/278001 |title = Main Place Middelburg |work=Census 2011}}</ref>
| leader_name =
| elevation_m =
| area_total_km2 = 44.76
| population_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" />
| population_total = 18681
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_density_km2 = auto
<!-- demographics (section 1) -->
| demographics_type1 = Racial makeup (2011)
| demographics1_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" />
| demographics1_title1 = [[Bantu peoples of South Africa|Black African]]
| demographics1_info1 = 49.2%
| demographics1_title2 = [[Coloureds|Coloured]]
| demographics1_info2 = 43.9%
| demographics1_title3 = [[Indian South African|Indian]]/[[Asian South African|Asian]]
| demographics1_info3 = 0.3%
| demographics1_title4 = [[White South African|White]]
| demographics1_info4 = 6.2%
| demographics1_title5 = Other
| demographics1_info5 = 0.4%
<!-- demographics (section 2) -->
| demographics_type2 = [[First language]]s (2011)
| demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" />
| demographics2_title1 = [[Afrikaans]]
| demographics2_info1 = 52.3%
| demographics2_title2 = [[Xhosa language|Xhosa]]
| demographics2_info2 = 43.6%
| demographics2_title3 = [[South African English|English]]
| demographics2_info3 = 1.9%
| demographics2_title4 =
| demographics2_info4 =
| demographics2_title5 = Other
| demographics2_info5 = 2.2%
<!-- blank fields (section 2) -->
<!-- Other information -->
| timezone1 = [[South African Standard Time|SAST]]
⚫
| utc_offset1 = +2
| postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in South Africa|Postal code]] (street)
| postal_code = 5900
| postal_code = 5900
| area_code =
| postal2_code_type = [[Post-office box|PO box]]
| censuscode = 278001
| postal2_code = 5900
| website =
| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in South Africa|Area code]]
| footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Middelburg''' is a town in the [[Eastern Cape]] province of [[South Africa]], in the [[Great Karoo]]. It lies in the Upper Karoo, 1 279 m above sea level, with a population of 19,000.<ref name="travel-informed.co.za">[http://www.travel-informed.co.za/eastern-cape-middelburg-visitor-guide.html travel-informed.co.za]</ref> It falls under the [[Inxuba Yethemba Local Municipality]], in the [[Chris Hani District Municipality]].
'''Middelburg''' ({{IPA-af|ˈmədəlbœrχ}}) is a town in the [[Eastern Cape]] province of [[South Africa]], in the [[Great Karoo]]. It lies in the Upper Karoo, 1,279 m above sea level, with a population of 19,000.<ref name="travel-informed.co.za">[http://www.travel-informed.co.za/eastern-cape-middelburg-visitor-guide.html travel-informed.co.za] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090807113357/http://www.travel-informed.co.za/eastern-cape-middelburg-visitor-guide.html |date=2009-08-07 }}</ref> It falls under the [[Inxuba Yethemba Local Municipality]], in the [[Chris Hani District Municipality]].


==History==
==History==
In 1837 the [[Cape Colony]] government proclaimed the district of [[Colesberg]], and established the Town of Middelburg in 1852, so named since it is midway between [[Graaff-Reinet]] and [[Colesberg]]. (It is also approximately halfway between [[Port Elizabeth]] and [[Bloemfontein]], as well as between [[Johannesburg]] and [[Cape Town]].)
In 1837 the [[Cape Colony]] [[government]] proclaimed the district of [[Colesberg]], and established the Town of Middelburg in 1852, so named since it is midway between [[Graaff-Reinet]] and [[Colesberg]]. It is also approximately halfway between [[Port Elizabeth]] and [[Bloemfontein]].


The town and surrounding areas are rich in history from the [[Anglo Boer War]]. The adjacent [[Grootfontein College of Agriculture]] was originally established as a military camp and training centre for [[British Army|British troops]].<ref>[http://gadi.agric.za/college/ Grootfontein College ]</ref> About 7 000 troops from the [[Manchester Regiment|Third Manchester Regiment]] were stationed at Grootfontein - some of them were married, so about 3 000 women and children also lived at Grootfontein.<ref name="travel-informed.co.za"/> In 1910 the [[Union of South Africa]] took control of the farm after which the Grootfontein School of Agriculture was established in 1911. Today the college offers a two year Certificate in Agriculture and a three year Diploma in Agriculture, both [[accreditation|accredited]] by the Higher Education Quality Committee.
The town and surrounding areas are rich in history from the [[Anglo Boer War]]. The adjacent [[Grootfontein College of Agriculture]] was established as a military camp and training centre for [[British Army|British troops]].<ref>[http://gadi.agric.za/college/ Grootfontein College ]</ref> About 7,000 troops from the [[Manchester Regiment|Third Manchester Regiment]] were stationed at Grootfontein - some of them were married, so about 3,000 women and children also lived at Grootfontein.<ref name="travel-informed.co.za"/>


In 1910 the [[Union of South Africa]] took control of the farm after which the Grootfontein School of Agriculture was established in 1911. Today the college offers a two-year Certificate in Agriculture and a three-year Diploma in Agriculture, both [[accreditation|accredited]] by the Higher Education Quality Committee.
⚫
The [[R56 road (South Africa)|R56]], the shortest route between the [[Northern Cape]] and [[KwaZulu-Natal]] begins at Middelburg. The town's hospital is [[Wilhelm Stahl Provincial Hospital]].<ref>[http://www.ecdoh.gov.za/hospitals.asp?type=District&mid=97 Eastern Cape Dept of Health official website]</ref>

The [[Cape Province]] branch of the [[National Party (South Africa)|National Party]] was constituted at a congress held in Middelburg on 15 September 1914, two months after the National Party's founding in [[Smithfield, Free State|Smithfield, Orange Free State Province]]. Over 300 delegates attended the meeting that would also choose Dr [[D. F. Malan|D.F. Malan]], later [[Prime Minister of South Africa]], as the provincial party's first chairman.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Malan|first=MPA|title=Die Nasionale Party van Suid-Afrika: Sy Stryd en Sy Prestasies, 1914-1964|publisher=National Party of South Africa|year=1964|location=Cape Town|pages=19}}</ref>

⚫
The [[R56 road (South Africa)|R56]], the shortest route between the [[Northern Cape]] and [[KwaZulu-Natal]] begins at Middelburg. The town's hospital is [[Wilhelm Stahl Provincial Hospital]].<ref>[http://www.ecdoh.gov.za/hospitals.asp?type=District&mid=97 Eastern Cape Dept of Health official website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120429075559/http://www.ecdoh.gov.za/hospitals.asp?type=District&mid=97 |date=2012-04-29 }}</ref>


==Persons born in Middelburg==
==Persons born in Middelburg==
[[Jozua Naudé (pastor)|Jozua François Naudé]], Pastor in the Dutch Reformed Church, was born in Middelburg EC in 1873.
Middelburg is the birthplace of playwright [[Athol Fugard]].<!--- referenced in Fugard article <ref>{{cite book |last=Fugard |first=Athol |authorlink=Athol Fugard |title=Tsotsi |publisher=[[Grove Press]] |year=2006 |pages=''ix'' |isbn=0-8021-4268-0}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Fitzpatrick |first=Mary |authorlink=Mary Fitzpatrick |title=South Africa, Lesotho & Swaziland |publisher=[[Lonely Planet]] |year=2004 |pages=243 |isbn=1-74104-162-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Parekh |first=Pushpa Naidu |authorlink=Parekh Pushpa Naidu |title=Postcolonial African Writers: A Bio-Bibliographical Critical Sourcebook |publisher=[[Greenwood Press]] |year=1998 |pages=181 |isbn=0-313-29056-3}}</ref> --> Other well known South Africans who were born or lived in Middelburg include [[Eddie Stuart]] (Footballer), [[Steven Sykes]] (Rugby player), [[Arthur Lennox Ochse]] (Cricketer), [[John James Clements]] (recipient of the Victoria Cross), [[Eric Rosenthal (historian and author)|Eric Rosenthal]] (historian and author), [[Cecily Norden]] (Horse industry), and [[John Phillip Harison Acocks]] (botanist).
Middelburg is also the birthplace of playwright [[Athol Fugard]].<!--- referenced in Fugard article <ref>{{cite book |last=Fugard |first=Athol |author-link=Athol Fugard |title=Tsotsi |publisher=[[Grove Press]] |year=2006 |pages=''ix'' |isbn=0-8021-4268-0}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Fitzpatrick |first=Mary |author-link=Mary Fitzpatrick |title=South Africa, Lesotho & Swaziland |publisher=[[Lonely Planet]] |year=2004 |pages=243 |isbn=1-74104-162-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Parekh |first=Pushpa Naidu |author-link=Parekh Pushpa Naidu |title=Postcolonial African Writers: A Bio-Bibliographical Critical Sourcebook |publisher=[[Greenwood Press]] |year=1998 |pages=181 |isbn=0-313-29056-3}}</ref> -->
Other well known South Africans who were born or lived in Middelburg include
[[Eddie Stuart]] (Footballer),
[[Steven Sykes]] (Rugby player),
[[Keanu Vers]] (Rugby Player),
[[Arthur Lennox Ochse]] (Cricketer),
[[John James Clements]] (recipient of the Victoria Cross),
[[Eric Rosenthal (historian and author)|Eric Rosenthal]] (historian and author),
[[Cecily Norden]] (Horse industry),
[[John Phillip Harison Acocks]] (botanist),
Colin Turpin, Reader in Law at Clare College, Cambridge .<ref name="squi_Coli" />

{{clear}}


==Climate==
==Climate==
Line 95: Line 149:
|url = http://weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=686381&refer=&cityname=Middelburg-Eastern-Cape-South-Africa&units=
|url = http://weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=686381&refer=&cityname=Middelburg-Eastern-Cape-South-Africa&units=
|title = Climate Statistics for Middelburg, Eastern Cape, South Africa
|title = Climate Statistics for Middelburg, Eastern Cape, South Africa
|accessdate = June 8, 2012}}</ref>
|access-date = June 8, 2012}}</ref>
}}
}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
{{reflist}}

<ref name="squi_Coli">{{Cite web |title=Colin Conyngham Turpin |work=Squire Law Library |access-date=20 February 2020 |url= https://www.squire.law.cam.ac.uk/eminent-scholars-archive/colin-conyngham-turpin }}</ref>
}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category}}
{{Commons category}}
*[http://www.middelburgec.co.za/ Middelburg, Eastern Cape], middelburgec.co.za
*[http://www.middelburgec.co.za/ Middelburg, Eastern Cape], middelburgec.co.za
*[http://gadi.agric.za/ Grootfontein College of Agriculture], gadi.agric.za
*[http://gadi.agric.za/ Grootfontein College of Agriculture], gadi.agric.za
Line 108: Line 165:


{{Chris Hani District Municipality}}
{{Chris Hani District Municipality}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Middelburg, Eastern Cape}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Middelburg, Eastern Cape}}
Line 113: Line 171:
[[Category:Populated places in the Inxuba Yethemba Local Municipality]]
[[Category:Populated places in the Inxuba Yethemba Local Municipality]]
[[Category:Karoo]]
[[Category:Karoo]]
[[Category:1852 establishments in the Cape Colony]]

Latest revision as of 16:16, 22 April 2024

This article is about the town in Eastern Cape. For other uses, see Middelburg (disambiguation).
Middelburg
Middelburg railway station
Middelburg railway station
Middelburg is located in Eastern Cape
Middelburg
Middelburg
Middelburg is located in South Africa
Middelburg
Middelburg
Middelburg is located in Africa
Middelburg
Middelburg
Coordinates: 31°29′38″S 25°1′2″E / 31.49389°S 25.01722°E / -31.49389; 25.01722
CountrySouth Africa
ProvinceEastern Cape
DistrictChris Hani
MunicipalityInxuba Yethemba
Established1852[1]
Area
[2]
 • Total44.76 km2 (17.28 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[2]
 • Total18,681
 • Density420/km2 (1,100/sq mi)
Racial makeup (2011)
[2]
 • Black African49.2%
 • Coloured43.9%
 • Indian/Asian0.3%
 • White6.2%
 • Other0.4%
First languages (2011)
[2]
 • Afrikaans52.3%
 • Xhosa43.6%
 • English1.9%
 • Other2.2%
Time zoneUTC+2 (SAST)
Postal code (street)
5900
PO box
5900

Middelburg (Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈmədəlbœrχ]) is a town in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa, in the Great Karoo. It lies in the Upper Karoo, 1,279 m above sea level, with a population of 19,000.[3] It falls under the Inxuba Yethemba Local Municipality, in the Chris Hani District Municipality.

History[edit]

In 1837 the Cape Colony government proclaimed the district of Colesberg, and established the Town of Middelburg in 1852, so named since it is midway between Graaff-Reinet and Colesberg. It is also approximately halfway between Port Elizabeth and Bloemfontein.

The town and surrounding areas are rich in history from the Anglo Boer War. The adjacent Grootfontein College of Agriculture was established as a military camp and training centre for British troops.[4] About 7,000 troops from the Third Manchester Regiment were stationed at Grootfontein - some of them were married, so about 3,000 women and children also lived at Grootfontein.[3]

In 1910 the Union of South Africa took control of the farm after which the Grootfontein School of Agriculture was established in 1911. Today the college offers a two-year Certificate in Agriculture and a three-year Diploma in Agriculture, both accredited by the Higher Education Quality Committee.

The Cape Province branch of the National Party was constituted at a congress held in Middelburg on 15 September 1914, two months after the National Party's founding in Smithfield, Orange Free State Province. Over 300 delegates attended the meeting that would also choose Dr D.F. Malan, later Prime Minister of South Africa, as the provincial party's first chairman.[5]

The R56, the shortest route between the Northern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal begins at Middelburg. The town's hospital is Wilhelm Stahl Provincial Hospital.[6]

Persons born in Middelburg[edit]

Jozua François Naudé, Pastor in the Dutch Reformed Church, was born in Middelburg EC in 1873. Middelburg is also the birthplace of playwright Athol Fugard. Other well known South Africans who were born or lived in Middelburg include Eddie Stuart (Footballer), Steven Sykes (Rugby player), Keanu Vers (Rugby Player), Arthur Lennox Ochse (Cricketer), John James Clements (recipient of the Victoria Cross), Eric Rosenthal (historian and author), Cecily Norden (Horse industry), John Phillip Harison Acocks (botanist), Colin Turpin, Reader in Law at Clare College, Cambridge .[7]

Climate[edit]

Climate data for Middelburg, Eastern Cape
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 30
(86) 		28
(82) 		26
(79) 		22
(72) 		18
(64) 		15
(59) 		16
(61) 		18
(64) 		22
(72) 		24
(75) 		26
(79) 		29
(84) 		22
(72)
Daily mean °C (°F) 21
(70) 		20
(68) 		18
(64) 		14
(57) 		11
(52) 		8
(46) 		8
(46) 		10
(50) 		13
(55) 		15
(59) 		18
(64) 		20
(68) 		14
(57)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 13
(55) 		12
(54) 		11
(52) 		7
(45) 		3
(37) 		−4
(25) 		−1
(30) 		1
(34) 		4
(39) 		6
(43) 		9
(48) 		11
(52) 		6
(43)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 44
(1.7) 		56
(2.2) 		60
(2.4) 		31
(1.2) 		16
(0.6) 		10
(0.4) 		11
(0.4) 		12
(0.5) 		15
(0.6) 		26
(1.0) 		38
(1.5) 		37
(1.5) 		356
(14.0)
Source: Weatherbase [8]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Robson, Linda Gillian (2011). "Annexure A" (PDF). The Royal Engineers and settlement planning in the Cape Colony 1806–1872: Approach, methodology and impact (PhD thesis). University of Pretoria. pp. xlv–lii. hdl:2263/26503.
  2. ^ a b c d "Main Place Middelburg". Census 2011.
  3. ^ a b travel-informed.co.za Archived 2009-08-07 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ Grootfontein College
  5. ^ Malan, MPA (1964). Die Nasionale Party van Suid-Afrika: Sy Stryd en Sy Prestasies, 1914-1964. Cape Town: National Party of South Africa. p. 19.
  6. ^ Eastern Cape Dept of Health official website Archived 2012-04-29 at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^ "Colin Conyngham Turpin". Squire Law Library. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  8. ^ "Climate Statistics for Middelburg, Eastern Cape, South Africa". Retrieved June 8, 2012.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Middelburg, Eastern Cape.
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