Julius Fröbel

Julius Fröbel

Julius Fröbel (16 June 1805, Griesheim, Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt - 7 November 1893, Zurich, Switzerland) was a journalist, diplomat and author. He was active in Western Europe, the United States and South America at different times in his life.

Biography

He was a nephew of the founder of the kindergarten system, Friedrich Fröbel. Julius was educated at the universities of Jena, Munich, and Berlin, and in 1833 became a naturalized citizen of Switzerland. He joined the extreme radical party, and edited Der schweizerische Republikaner (The Swiss Republican) for them. In 1844, he established a publishing house at Zurich, and issued several scientific works and many political pamphlets, many of which were suppressed in Germany. In 1846, he moved to Dresden. Upon the Revolution of 1848, he became a leader of the democrats, and was elected a member of the Frankfurt Parliament. Afterward, he accompanied the radical Robert Blum to Vienna, where he was arrested and condemned to death by the court-martial that convicted Blum, but was pardoned by Windischgrätz before the date fixed for the execution.

On the dissolution of the parliament in 1849, he visited the United States, where he became editor of a German-language newspaper, lectured in New York City, and was a member of the law firm of Zitz, Kapp & Fröbel for a time. He was for a time residing among German Free Thinkers in Sisterdale, Texas. In 1850, he went to Nicaragua, Santa Fé, and Chihuahua as correspondent of the New York Tribune. In 1855, he was editor of a San Francisco paper. He returned to Germany in 1857, and efforts were made to expel him from Frankfurt, but he was protected on the ground of his naturalization as a citizen of the United States. In 1863, he went to Vienna, and became a Federalist leader. From 1862 to 1873, he edited newspapers in Vienna and Munich. In 1873 he was appointed consul of the German Empire at Smyrna and in 1876 was transferred to Algiers. He retired in 1890.

Works

• System of Social Politics (London, 1847)
• The Republican, an historical drama (1848)
• Seven Years' Travel in Central America, Northern Mexico, and the Far West of the United States (1859)
• Theory of Politics (1861)
• Political Addresses (1870)
• Die Wirtschaft des Menschengeschlechts (1870–76)
• Ein Lebenslauf, an autobiography (1890–1891)

Bibliography

• Wilson, J. G.; Fiske, J., eds. (1900). "Frœbel, Julius" . Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. New York: D. Appleton.
• Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1906). New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
• Carl Wittke, Refugees of Revolution: The German Forty-Eighters in America, Philadelphia: Univ. of Penn. Press, 1952, pp. 325–326. At archive.org
• Frobel, Julius, Amerika, Europa, Und Die Politischen Gesichtspunkte Der Gegenwart (1859) (German POD scanned edition), Kessinger Publishing, LLC, 2009, ISBN 978-1-104-00888-8
• Frobel, Julius, Briefe Über Die Wiener Oktober-Revolution: Mit Notizen Über Die Letzten Tage Robert Blum's (German POD scanned edition), Nabu Press, 2010, ISBN 978-1-146-21724-8
• Frobel, Julius, Theorie Der Politik : Als Ergebniss Einer Erneuerten Prüfung Demokratischer Lehrmeinungen (German POD scanned edition), BiblioBazaar, 2009, ISBN 978-1-116-20895-5

External links

• Sander (1904), "Fröbel, Julius", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 49, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 163–172