Broad Chalke: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 51°01′41″N 1°56′35″W / 51.028°N 1.943°W / 51.028; -1.943
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{{Short description|Village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2014}}
{{Use British English|date=July 2014}}
{{Use British English|date=July 2014}}
{{infobox UK place
{{Infobox UK place
|official_name= Broad Chalke
|official_name= Broad Chalke
|static_image_name= Reddish House Cottages - geograph.org.uk - 1702410.jpg
|static_image_name= Reddish House Cottages - geograph.org.uk - 1702410.jpg
|static_image_caption= Reddish House Cottages, Broad Chalke
|static_image_caption= Reddish House Cottages, Broad Chalke
|label_position= top
|label_position= top
|coordinates = {{coord|51.028|-1.943|type:city(500)_region:GB-WIL|display=inline,title}}
|latitude= 51.028
|longitude= -1.943
|os_grid_reference= SU 039 255
|os_grid_reference= SU 039 255
|population= 680
|population= 655
|population_ref= <ref name="pop">[http://www.citypopulation.de/php/uk-england-southwestengland.php?cityid=E34004411 2011 Census total]</ref>
|population_ref= <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Broad Chalke (parish): population statistics |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uk/southwestengland/admin/wiltshire/E04011649__broad_chalke/ |website=CityPopulation.de |date= |access-date=23 April 2023}}</ref>
|civil_parish= Broad Chalke
|civil_parish= Broad Chalke
|unitary_england= [[Wiltshire Council|Wiltshire]]
|unitary_england= [[Wiltshire Council|Wiltshire]]
Line 21: Line 21:
|postcode_area= SP
|postcode_area= SP
|dial_code= 01722
|dial_code= 01722
|website= [http://www.broadchalke.info/ Broad Chalke : Information]
|website= {{URL|https://www.broadchalkeparishcouncil.com/|Parish Council}}
}}
}}


'''Broad Chalke''', sometimes spelled '''Broadchalke''', '''Broad Chalk''' or Broadchalk, is a village and [[civil parish]] in [[Wiltshire]], England, about {{convert|8|mi|km|0}} west of the city of [[Salisbury]]. The [[United Kingdom Census 2001|2001 Census]] recorded a parish population of 652<ref>[http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=3&b=800671&c=SP5+5DH&d=16&e=15&g=498167&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=0&s=1192904234296&enc=1&dsFamilyId=779 2001 Census data]</ref> but as of 2011 it had risen to 680.<ref name="pop" /> This civil parish includes the hamlets of '''Knapp''', '''Mount Sorrel''' and '''Stoke Farthing'''.
'''Broad Chalke''', sometimes spelled '''Broadchalke''', '''Broad Chalk''' or Broadchalk, is a village and [[civil parish]] in [[Wiltshire]], England, about {{convert|8|mi|km|0}} west of the city of [[Salisbury]]. The civil parish includes the hamlets of '''Knapp''', '''Mount Sorrel''' and '''Stoke Farthing'''.


== Geography ==
== Geography ==
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== Religious sites ==
== Religious sites ==

=== Parish church ===
=== Parish church ===
<!-- Church of All Saints, Broad Chalke redirects here -->
<!-- Church of All Saints, Broad Chalke redirects here -->
[[File:All Saints' Church in snow 2009-02-02.jpg|thumb|All Saints' Church]]
[[File:All Saints' Church in snow 2009-02-02.jpg|thumb|All Saints' Church]]
The [[Church of England parish church|parish church]] of St All Saints is a [[Listed building|Grade I listed]] building.<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1146136|desc=Church of All Saints|access-date=28 February 2016}}</ref> It is from the late 13th and 14th centuries, with a 15th-century porch. [[Victorian restoration|Restoration]] in 1846-7 was by [[Thomas Henry Wyatt|Wyatt]] and [[David Brandon (architect)|Brandon]].<ref>{{cite web|website=Wiltshire Community History|title=Church of All Saints, Broad Chalke|url=http://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getchurch.php?id=1135|publisher=Wiltshire Council|accessdate=28 February 2016}}</ref>
The [[Church of England parish church|parish church]] of All Saints is a [[Listed building|Grade I listed]] building.<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1146136|desc=Church of All Saints|access-date=28 February 2016}}</ref> It is from the late 13th and 14th centuries, with a 15th-century porch. [[Victorian restoration|Restoration]] in 1846-7 was by [[Thomas Henry Wyatt|Wyatt]] and [[David Brandon (architect)|Brandon]].<ref>{{cite web|website=Wiltshire Community History|title=Church of All Saints, Broad Chalke|url=https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Church/Details/1135|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=28 February 2016}}</ref>


Churches at [[Alvediston]] and [[Bowerchalke]] were considered to be chapels of the Broad Chalke church, until they became separate parishes in 1861 and 1880 respectively.<ref name="vch">{{cite web|website=British History Online|title=Victoria County History - Wiltshire - Vol 13 pp36-52 - Parishes: Broad Chalke|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/vol13/pp36-52|publisher=University of London|accessdate=28 February 2016}}</ref> Broad Chalke and Bowerchalke were united in 1952<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=39491 |date=14 March 1952 |startpage=1466}}</ref> and became part of the Chalke Valley team ministry in 1972.<ref name="vch" />
Churches at [[Alvediston]] and [[Bowerchalke]] were considered to be chapels of the Broad Chalke church, until they became separate parishes in 1861 and 1880 respectively.<ref name="vch">{{cite web|website=British History Online|title=Victoria County History - Wiltshire - Vol 13 pp36-52 - Parishes: Broad Chalke|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/vol13/pp36-52|publisher=University of London|access-date=28 February 2016}}</ref> Broad Chalke and Bowerchalke were united in 1952<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=39491 |date=14 March 1952 |page=1466}}</ref> and became part of the Chalke Valley team ministry in 1972.<ref name="vch" />


There are eight bells in the church tower, including one from the 14th century. By 1553 there were four bells, with a fifth added in 1616 and a sixth in 1660.<ref name="vch /> Two more were added to mark the end of the 20th century, as part of a renovation funded by the [[Millennium Commission]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Ring out the old, ring in the new|website=Salisbury Journal|url=http://www.salisburyjournal.co.uk/features/journalfeatures/1093853.Ring_out_the_old__ring_in_the_new/|date=28 December 2006|accessdate=28 February 2016}}</ref>
There are eight bells in the church tower, including one from the 14th century. By 1553 there were four bells, with a fifth added in 1616 and a sixth in 1660.<ref name="vch" /> Two more were added to mark the end of the 20th century, as part of a renovation funded by the [[Millennium Commission]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Ring out the old, ring in the new|website=Salisbury Journal|url=http://www.salisburyjournal.co.uk/features/journalfeatures/1093853.Ring_out_the_old__ring_in_the_new/|date=28 December 2006|access-date=28 February 2016}}</ref>


=== Other churches ===
=== Other churches ===
[[File:The Chapel, Broad Chalke.JPG|thumb|United Reformed Church]]
[[File:The Chapel, Broad Chalke.JPG|thumb|upright|United Reformed Church]]
A [[Congregational Church in England|Congregational]] chapel was built in or before 1801, and replaced by a new church in 1864, which joined the [[United Reformed Church]] at its formation in 1972.<ref>{{cite web|website=Wiltshire Community History|title=United Reformed Church, Broad Chalke|url=http://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getchurch.php?id=1139|publisher=Wiltshire Council|accessdate=28 February 2016}}</ref> In 2006 the church was refurbished and divided to provide a community room, then in 2013 the village shop and post office moved into the church.<ref>{{cite web|title=Local Services : Broad Chalke|url=http://www.broadchalke.info/services.php|accessdate=28 February 2016}}</ref> As of 2016, services continue to be held in the church.<ref>{{cite web|title=U R C Chapel, Broad Chalke|url=http://www.chalkevalley.org.uk/u-r-c-chapel-broad-chalke|publisher=Chalke Valley Church|accessdate=28 February 2016}}</ref>
A [[Congregational Church in England|Congregational]] chapel was built in or before 1801, and replaced by a new church in 1864, which joined the [[United Reformed Church]] at its formation in 1972.<ref>{{cite web|website=Wiltshire Community History|title=United Reformed Church, Broad Chalke|url=https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Church/Details/1139|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=28 February 2016}}</ref> In 2006 the church was refurbished and divided to provide a community room, then in 2013 the village shop and post office<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Chalke Valley Stores |url=http://www.chalkevalleystores.co.uk/ |access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref> moved into the church.<ref>{{cite web|title=Local Services : Broad Chalke|url=http://www.broadchalke.info/services.php|access-date=28 February 2016}}</ref> As of 2016, services continue to be held in the church.<ref>{{cite web|title=U R C Chapel, Broad Chalke|url=http://www.chalkevalley.org.uk/u-r-c-chapel-broad-chalke|publisher=Chalke Valley Church|access-date=28 February 2016}}</ref>


[[Primitive Methodism|Primitive Methodists]] built a chapel in 1843. The chapel closed c. 1965 and was demolished in 1970.<ref>{{cite web|website=Wiltshire Community History|title=Primitive Methodist Chapel, Broad Chalke|url=http://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getchurch.php?id=1136|publisher=Wiltshire Council|accessdate=28 February 2016}}</ref>
[[Primitive Methodism|Primitive Methodists]] built a chapel in 1843. The chapel closed c. 1965 and was demolished in 1970.<ref>{{cite web|website=Wiltshire Community History|title=Primitive Methodist Chapel, Broad Chalke|url=https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Church/Details/1136|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=28 February 2016}}</ref>


== Amenities ==
== Amenities ==
The village has a [[Church of England|C of E]] Primary School<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Broad Chalke School|url=https://www.broadchalke.wilts.sch.uk/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130421100313/http://broadchalke.wilts.sch.uk |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=2021-02-10|website=}}</ref> and a doctors' surgery. There has been a village hall<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://broadchalkehall.co.uk/ |title=Village Hall |access-date=9 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130430223251/http://broadchalkehall.co.uk/ |archive-date=30 April 2013 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> since 1914 and a Reading Room (also called the Parish Room) on the same site before the village hall was built. The village has a pub, The Queen's Head.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Queens Head|url=https://queensheadbroadchalke.co.uk/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140411233753/http://queensheadbroadchalke.co.uk:80/ |archive-date=11 April 2014 |access-date=2021-02-10|website=|language=en-GB}}</ref>
The village has a thriving C of E Primary School<ref>[http://www.broadchalke.wilts.sch.uk/ C of E Primary School]</ref> and a Playschool.<ref>[http://www.chalkevalleyplayschool.co.uk/ Playschool]</ref>


⚫
J E Fry & Son, the [[General store|village shop]] and [[Post Office]] was in South Street and traded as family butchers under the Fry family for almost 100 years. After the closure of the shop and Post Office around Christmas 1992, the butchers began to sell groceries and everyday items and also incorporated the village Post Office which opened within the butchers on 15 June 1993. The shop was featured on [[BBC South Today]] as one of the most unusual locations for a Post Office in the region, and the butcher Robert Fry was the subject of [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]]'s ''Country Ways'' programme. He retired on 31 May 2013 and the shop in South Street closed.
There has been a village hall<ref>[http://broadchalkehall.co.uk/ Village Hall]</ref> since 1914 and a Reading Room (also called the Parish Room) on the same site before the village hall was built.


⚫
Chalke Valley Stores<ref name=":0" /> opened in the meeting area of the URC chapel in June 2013. There is a coffee shop in the chapel worship area and an office for the Chalke Valley Community Hub, Chalke Valley Stores, Police, Church Benefice and URC on the balcony, and a village archive on the balcony outside the office.
The surgery in Dove's Meadow is part of the Sixpenny Handley and Chalke Valley Practice.<ref>[http://www.sixpennydocs.co.uk/ Sixpenny Handley and Chalke Valley Practice]</ref>


⚫
Watercress has been grown in the River Ebble cressbeds for many years and is sold from the packing station<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Chalke Valley Watercress|url=https://www.chalkevalleywatercress.co.uk/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080618192145/http://www.chalkevalleywatercress.co.uk:80/ |archive-date=18 June 2008 |access-date=2021-02-10|website=|language=en-US}}</ref> at The Marsh.
⚫
J E Fry & Son, the [[General store|village shop]] and [[Post Office]] was in South Street and traded as family butchers under the Fry family for almost 100 years. Since the closure of the old village shop and Post Office around Christmas 1992 the butchers began to sell groceries and everyday items and also incorporated the village Post Office which opened within the butchers on 15 June 1993. The shop was featured on [[BBC South Today]] as one of the most unusual locations for a Post Office in the region, and the butcher Robert Fry was the subject of [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]]'s Country Ways programme some years ago. Robert Fry retired on 31 May 2013 and the shop in South Street closed.


⚫
===Sport===
⚫
Alterations to create a shop and post office in the URC Chapel meeting area commenced on 25 February 2013. Chalke Valley Stores<ref>[http://www.chalkevalleystores.co.uk/ Chalke Valley Stores]</ref> opened on 3 June 2013 and the official opening by Sir Terry Pratchett took place on 22 June 2013. There is a Coffee Shop in the Chapel worship area and an office for the Chalke Valley Community Hub, Chalke Valley Stores, Police, Church Benefice and URC on the balcony, and also a Village Archive on the balcony outside the office.
⚫
The Chalke Valley Sports Centre<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Chalke Valley Sports Centre|url=http://www.southwilts.com/site/Chalke-Valley-Sports-Centre/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050414233649/http://www.southwilts.com:80/site/chalke-valley-sports-centre/ |archive-date=14 April 2005 |access-date=2021-02-10|website=www.southwilts.com}}</ref> is located in Knighton Road and has a football pitch, tennis courts, skate park and also a Multi-Use Games Area (MUGA) for table tennis, short mat bowls, pilates and other indoor functions.


⚫
Chalke Valley Cricket Club<ref>[http://www.chalkevalleycricketclub.com/ Chalke Valley Cricket Club] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130831093256/http://www.chalkevalleycricketclub.com/ |date=31 August 2013 }}</ref> is nominally part of the Sports Centre but has its own management and finances and moved to a new ground at Butt's Field, Bowerchalke<ref>[http://www.chalkevalleycricketclub.com/new-ground/ New Cricket Ground] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826160827/http://www.chalkevalleycricketclub.com/new-ground/ |date=26 August 2014 }}</ref> in 2010.
The local public house is the Queen's Head<ref>[http://www.eurobookings.com/salisbury-hotels-gb/the-queens-head.html?as=g&aid=5567515149&dsti=369463&dstt=8&label=ggehen-bh178857&akw=queens%20head%20broad%20chalke&asrc=Search&ast=&gclid=CNTP_LO_ubkCFbQetAodKEoAqA The Queen's Head village pub & restaurant]</ref> which enjoys a prime position at a crossroads in North Street adjacent to the shop in the Chapel.


⚫
The [[Gurston Down Motorsport Hillclimb|Gurston Down]] speed [[hill-climb]] course is at Gurston Farm in Broad Chalke and attracts many hundreds of visitors every year.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gurston Down Speed Hillclimb, Salisbury, Wiltshire|url=http://www.gurstondown.org/|access-date=2021-02-10|language=en-GB}}</ref>
⚫
Watercress has been grown in the River Ebble cressbeds for many years and is sold from the packing station<ref>[http://www.chalkevalleywatercress.co.uk Chalke Valley Watercress]</ref> at The Marsh.


==Local government==
⚫
===Sport===
The civil parish elects a [[Parish councils in England|parish council]]. It is in the area of [[Wiltshire Council]] [[Unitary authorities of England|unitary authority]], which is responsible for most local government functions.
⚫
The Chalke Valley Sports Centre<ref>[http://www.southwilts.com/site/Chalke-Valley-Sports-Centre/ Chalke Valley Sports Centre]</ref> is located in Knighton Road and has a football pitch, tennis courts, skate park and also a Multi-Use Games Area (MUGA) for table tennis, short mat bowls, pilates and other indoor functions.

⚫
The Chalke Valley Cricket Club<ref>[http://www.chalkevalleycricketclub.com/ Chalke Valley Cricket Club]</ref> is nominally part of the Chalke Valley Sports Centre but has its own management and finances and moved to a new ground at Butt's Field, Bowerchalke<ref>[http://www.chalkevalleycricketclub.com/new-ground/ New Cricket Ground]</ref> in 2010.

⚫
The [[Gurston Down Motorsport Hillclimb|Gurston Down]] speed [[hill-climb]] course is at Gurston Farm in Broad Chalke and attracts many hundreds of visitors every year.<ref>[http://www.gurstondown.org/ Gurston Down Speed Hill-climb]</ref>


== Notable residents ==
== Notable residents ==
Notable residents of Broad Chalke include:
⚫
The village has been home to several notable people, including [[John Aubrey]] (1626–1697) and [[Maurice Hewlett|Maurice Henry Hewlett]] (1861–1923), both authors, and [[Rowland Williams (theologian)|Reverend Professor Rowland Williams]] (1817–1870), a theologian whose essays and sermons caused him to be charged with [[heterodoxy]]. He was later vicar of Broad Chalke and is buried in the church graveyard. Sir [[Anthony Eden]] (Prime Minister) also lived in the village.
* [[John Aubrey]] (1626–1697), author

* [[Maurice Hewlett|Maurice Henry Hewlett]] (1861–1923), author
Sir [[Cecil Beaton]] the photographer lived at [[Reddish House]], as did Dr. Lucius Wood, father of the painter [[Christopher Wood (English painter)|Christopher Wood]]. Sir [[Cecil Beaton]] entertained and photographed many celebrities in his conservatory. In 1980 Ursula Henderson<ref>[[Reddish House|Ursula Henderson, Countess of Chichester]]</ref> bought the house from the estate of Cecil Beaton and lived there until 1987. She was born Ursula von Pannwitz and was once styled Countess of Chichester from her first marriage to John Buxton Pelham, 8th Earl of Chichester, and she kept macaws which flew noisily and freely around the village stripping bark from trees. Later Reddish House was owned by musicians [[Toyah Willcox]] and [[Robert Fripp]].<ref name="Broad">Broad Chalke, A History of a South Wiltshire Village, its Land & People Over 2,000 years. By 'The People of the Village', 1999</ref>
⚫
* [[Rowland Williams (theologian)|Reverend Professor Rowland Williams]] (1817–1870), a theologian whose essays and sermons caused him to be charged with [[heterodoxy]]. He was later vicar of Broad Chalke and is buried in All Saints graveyard.

* Sir [[Anthony Eden]] (1897-1977), former Prime Minister, later moved to [[Alvediston]]
The village was also home to author Sir [[Terry Pratchett]], author [[James Holland (author)|James Holland]] (brother of [[Tom Holland (author)|Tom Holland]]) and noted musician, bell ringer and conductor Dennis Chalk BEM.<ref name="Wilton">[http://www.wdyb.co.uk/ Wilton & District Brass Band]</ref><ref name="Dennis Chalk">[http://www.wdyb.co.uk/history.html Dennis Chalk BEM]</ref>
[[File:Reddish House Broad Chalke.jpg|thumb|[[Reddish House]] in Broad Chalke]]
* Sir [[Cecil Beaton]] (1904-1980), photographer and designer, lived at [[Reddish House]]. Beaton entertained and photographed many celebrities in his conservatory. He is buried in All Saints graveyard.
* [[Toyah Willcox]] and [[Robert Fripp]], musicians, also lived at [[Reddish House]].<ref name="Broad">Broad Chalke, A History of a South Wiltshire Village, its Land & People Over 2,000 years. By 'The People of the Village', 1999</ref>
* Dr Lucius Wood, father of the painter [[Christopher Wood (English painter)|Christopher Wood]], also lived at [[Reddish House]]. Christopher Wood is buried in All Saints graveyard.
* Sir [[Terry Pratchett]] (1948-2015), author known for the ''[[Discworld]]'' series.
* [[James Holland (author)|James Holland]] (born 1970), author and brother of [[Tom Holland (author)|Tom Holland]]
* Dennis Chalk BEM, musician, bell ringer and conductor<ref>[http://www.wdyb.co.uk/history.html Dennis Chalk BEM]</ref>
⚫
* Herbert Bundy, a local farmer, who was the centre of a landmark case in English contract law on undue influence ([[Lloyds Bank Ltd v Bundy]]).


The cricketer [[John Stevens (cricketer, born 1875)|John Stevens]] (1875–1923) was born at Broad Chalke.
⚫
Herbert Bundy, a local farmer, was the centre of a landmark case in English Contract Law on undue influence [[Lloyds Bank Ltd v Bundy]].


== History ==
== History ==
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===10th century===
===10th century===
In 955 the Anglo-Saxon [[Eadwig|King Eadwig]] granted the [[nuns]] of [[Wilton Abbey]] an estate called Chalke which included land in Broad Chalke and Bowerchalke. The charter records the village name as ''aet Ceolcan''.<ref name="Broad"/><ref name="Brit Hist 116110">[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=116110 British History Online (.ac.uk) Broad Chalke]</ref>
In 955 the Anglo-Saxon [[Eadwig|King Eadwig]] granted the [[nuns]] of [[Wilton Abbey]] an estate called Chalke which included land in Broad Chalke and Bowerchalke. The charter records the village name as ''aet Ceolcan''.<ref name="vch" /><ref name="Broad"/> Another charter in 974 records the name as ''Cheolca'' or ''Cheolcam''.<ref name="Broad"/>

A charter in 974 records the name as ''Cheolca'' or ''Cheolcam''.<ref name="Broad"/>


===11th century===
===11th century===
The [[Domesday Book]] in 1086 divided the Chalke Valley into eight manors, ''Chelke'' or ''Chelce'' or ''Celce'' ([[Bowerchalke]] and Broad Chalke), ''Eblesborne'' ([[Ebbesbourne Wake]]), ''Fifehide'' (Fifield), ''Cumbe'' ([[Coombe Bissett]]), ''Humitone'' (Homington), ''Odestoche'' ([[Odstock]]), ''Stradford'' ([[Stratford Tony]] and [[Bishopstone, Salisbury|Bishopstone]]) and ''Trow'' (circa [[Alvediston]] and [[Tollard Royal]]).<ref name="Meers 1"/>
The [[Domesday Book]] in 1086 divided the Chalke Valley into eight manors: ''Chelke'' or ''Chelce'' or ''Celce'' ([[Bowerchalke]] and Broad Chalke), ''Eblesborne'' ([[Ebbesbourne Wake]]), ''Fifehide'' (Fifield), ''Cumbe'' ([[Coombe Bissett]]), ''Humitone'' (Homington), ''Odestoche'' ([[Odstock]]), ''Stradford'' ([[Stratford Tony]] and [[Bishopstone, Salisbury|Bishopstone]]) and ''Trow'' (circa [[Alvediston]] and [[Tollard Royal]]).<ref name="Meers 1"/>


===12th century===
===12th century===
In the 12th century the area was known primarily as the Stowford [[Hundred (country subdivision)|Hundred]] then subsequently as the Chalke Hundred. This included the parishes of [[Berwick St John]], [[Ebbesbourne Wake]], [[Fifield Bavant]], [[Semley]], [[Tollard Royal]] and 'Chalke'.<ref name="Meers 1"/>
In the 12th century the area was known primarily as the Stowford [[Hundred (country subdivision)|Hundred]], then subsequently as the Chalke Hundred. This included the parishes of [[Berwick St John]], [[Ebbesbourne Wake]], [[Fifield Bavant]], [[Semley]], [[Tollard Royal]] and 'Chalke'.<ref name="Meers 1"/> A charter of 1165 records the village name as ''Chalca'', and the [[Pipe Rolls]] in 1174 have it as ''Chalche''.<ref name="Broad"/>

A charter of 1165 records the village name as ''Chalca'', and the [[Pipe Rolls]] in 1174 record it as ''Chalche''.<ref name="Broad"/>


===13th century===
===13th century===
⚫
All Saints' Church was built during the 13th century. The ''[[Curia Regis]]'' Rolls of 1207 records the village name as ''ChelkFeet of Fines'', and another of 1242 records it as ''Chalke''.<ref name="Broad"/> The name ''Burchelke'' ([[Bowerchalke]]) first appeared in 1225.<ref name="Meers 1"/>
All Saints' Church was built during the 13th century.

⚫
The [[Curia Regis Rolls]] of 1207 records the village name as ''ChelkFeet of Fines'', and another of 1242 records it as ''Chalke''.<ref name="Broad"/> The name ''Burchelke'' ([[Bowerchalke]]) first appeared in 1225.<ref name="Meers 1"/>


===14th century===
===14th century===
A Saxon charter of 1304 records the village name as ''Cheolc'' and ''Cheolcan''. The [[Feudal Aids]] of 1316 uses ''Chawke'', whilst a Saxon [[Cartulary]] of 1321 uses ''Cealce''. the Tax lists of 1327, 1332 and 1377 variously record the name as ''Chalk Magna'' and '' Chalke Magna''.<ref name="Broad"/>
A Saxon charter of 1304 records the village name as ''Cheolc'' and ''Cheolcan''. The [[Feudal Aids]] of 1316 uses ''Chawke'', whilst a Saxon [[Cartulary]] of 1321 uses ''Cealce''. the Tax lists of 1327, 1332 and 1377 variously record the name as ''Chalk Magna'' and '' Chalke Magna''.<ref name="Broad"/> ''Brode Chalk'' was first mentioned in 1380.<ref name="Meers 1"/>

''Brode Chalk'' was first mentioned in 1380.<ref name="Meers 1"/>


===15th century===
===15th century===
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===16th century===
===16th century===
Circa 1536 [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] granted Chalke to Sir [[William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (10th Creation)|William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke]] during the [[Dissolution of the Monasteries]]. In 1560 [[Queen Elizabeth I]] granted [[Reddish House]] and farm to William Reddiche who already owned several properties in the village as a '[[Free tenant]]' of the [[Earl of Pembroke]] in Wilton.<ref name="Broad"/><ref name="Brit Hist 116110"/>
Circa 1536 [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] granted Chalke to Sir [[William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (10th Creation)|William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke]] during the [[Dissolution of the Monasteries]]. In 1560 [[Queen Elizabeth I]] granted [[Reddish House]] and farm to William Reddiche who already owned several properties in the village as a '[[Free tenant]]' of the [[Earl of Pembroke]] in Wilton.<ref name="vch"/><ref name="Broad"/>

A rectory (now Grade II* listed) was built to the west of the church.<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1146135|desc=Kings Old Rectory|access-date=29 February 2016|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>


The wills of William King (1545) and John Penny (1555) record the village name as ''Brood Chalke'', whilst the [[William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (10th Creation)|Earl of Pembroke]] surveys of 1567 and 1590 list it as ''Brodechalke'' and ''Broadchalke''.<ref name="Broad"/>
The wills of William King (1545) and John Penny (1555) record the village name as ''Brood Chalke'', whilst the [[William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (10th Creation)|Earl of Pembroke]] surveys of 1567 and 1590 list it as ''Brodechalke'' and ''Broadchalke''.<ref name="Broad"/>


===17th century===
===17th century===
In 1605 the will of Michael Angod spelled the village name as ''Broadchalk''. By 1631 the Earl of Pembroke's survey used the modern form of ''Broad Chalke'', as did the will of John Farrent in 1699. However, the 1671 [[English Dissenters|Dissenters]] [[Religious Society of Friends|Meeting House]] Certificates used ''Broadcholk'' (They were Dissenters after all).<ref name="Broad"/>
In 1605 the will of Michael Angod spelled the village name as ''Broadchalk''. By 1631 the Earl of Pembroke's survey used the modern form of ''Broad Chalke'', as did the will of John Farrent in 1699. However, the 1671 [[English Dissenters|Dissenters]] [[Religious Society of Friends|Meeting House]] Certificates used ''Broadcholk''.<ref name="Broad"/>


By 1608 the Pembroke estate had also acquired the manors of Knighton and Stoke Farthing.<ref name="Broad"/>
By 1608 the Pembroke estate had also acquired the manors of Knighton and Stoke Farthing.<ref name="Broad"/> The house called Knighton Manor was built towards the end of the century.<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1198385|desc=Knighton Manor|access-date=29 February 2016|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>


===18th century===
===18th century===
The spelling of Broad Chalke continued to vary, in 1778 the will of Elizabeth Fifield spelled it as ''Broadchalk'', whilst the 1784 will of Richard Follit used ''Broad Chalk''.<ref name="Broad"/>
The spelling of Broad Chalke continued to vary; in 1778 the will of Elizabeth Fifield spelled it as ''Broadchalk'', whilst the 1784 will of Richard Follit used ''Broad Chalk''.<ref name="Broad"/>


===19th century===
===19th century===
⚫
Again the spelling of Broad Chalke varied. In 1804 the will of Josiah Gould spelled it as ''Broad Chalke'', whilst the 1830 will of Colt Hoare used ''Broad Chalk''.<ref name="Broad"/>
⚫
Chalke was a comparatively large, disconnected estate that was divided into the two [[Parish|ecclesiastical parishes]] of Broad Chalk and Bowerchalke in 1880.<ref name="Meers 1"/>


By 1846 a cottage served as a [[National school (England and Wales)|National School]], and in 1860 a new school and teacher's house were built opposite the church.<ref name="vch" />
⚫
The spelling of Broad Chalke continued to vary, in 1804 the will of Josiah Gould spelled it as ''Broad Chalke'', whilst the 1830 will of Colt Hoare used ''Broad Chalk''.<ref name="Broad"/>

⚫
Chalke was a comparatively large, disconnected estate that was divided into the two [[Parish|ecclesiastical parishes]] of Broad Chalk and Bowerchalke in 1880.<ref name="Meers 1"/>


===20th century===
===20th century===
In 1919 the Pembroke family started to sell the individual farms.<ref name="WiltsCouncil">[http://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getcom.php?id=33 Wiltshire Council - Community History of Broad Chalke]</ref>
In 1919 the Pembroke family started to sell the individual farms.<ref name="WiltsCouncil">{{Cite web |url=https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Community/Index/33 |title=Wiltshire Council - Community History of Broad Chalke |access-date=3 January 2011 }}</ref>


In 1963 older children began to attend the secondary school at [[Wilton, Wiltshire|Wilton]]. Pupil numbers at Broad Chalke increased after the closure of village schools at Bowerchalke and [[Bishopstone, Salisbury|Bishopstone]]. In the 1990s the school was extended with a hall and a fourth classroom.<ref name="sch">{{cite web|website=Wiltshire Community History|title=Broad Chalke CE Aided Primary School|url=https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/School/Details/1207|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=28 February 2016}}</ref>
⚫
The spelling of Broad Chalke continued to vary, the [[Ordnance Survey]] maps and village road signs spelled it as ''Broad Chalke'', whilst the [[Electoral Register]] used ''Broadchalke''.<ref name="Broad"/>

⚫
The spelling of Broad Chalke continued to vary: the [[Ordnance Survey]] maps and village road signs spelled it as ''Broad Chalke'', whilst the [[Electoral Register]] used ''Broadchalke''.<ref name="Broad"/>

===21st century===
In 2007 a new school was built on the eastern outskirts of the village, and the older school became private housing.<ref name="sch" />


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
{{Reflist|30em}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Broad Chalke}}
{{Commons category}}
*[http://www.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getcom2.php?id=33 Wiltshire Community History]
*[https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Community/Index/33 Wiltshire Community History]
*[https://www.broadchalkeparishcouncil.com/ Broad Chalke Parish Council]
*[http://www.broadchalke.info General information, News, Events, Clubs, Churches, Sport, Services, History]
*[http://www.chalkevalley.org.uk/ Church in the Chalke Valley]
*[http://www.broadchalke.info Broad Chalke: Information]
*[http://www.broadchalke.info/census.php 1841 Census data]
*[https://www.chalkevalleychurches.org/ Chalke Valley Churches]

{{authority control}}


[[Category:Villages in Wiltshire]]
[[Category:Villages in Wiltshire]]

Latest revision as of 16:49, 9 January 2024

Broad Chalke
Reddish House Cottages, Broad Chalke
Broad Chalke is located in Wiltshire
Broad Chalke
Broad Chalke
Location within Wiltshire
Population655 [1]
OS grid referenceSU 039 255
Civil parish
  • Broad Chalke
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townSalisbury
Postcode districtSP5
Dialling code01722
PoliceWiltshire
FireDorset and Wiltshire
AmbulanceSouth Western
UK Parliament
WebsiteParish Council
List of places
UK
England
Wiltshire
51°01′41″N 1°56′35″W / 51.028°N 1.943°W / 51.028; -1.943

Broad Chalke, sometimes spelled Broadchalke, Broad Chalk or Broadchalk, is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, about 8 miles (13 km) west of the city of Salisbury. The civil parish includes the hamlets of Knapp, Mount Sorrel and Stoke Farthing.

Geography[edit]

Broad Chalke is in the Cranborne Chase and West Wiltshire Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and is halfway along the 13 miles (21 km) Chalke Valley. The parish has two chalk streams, as the River Chalke flows into the River Ebble at Mount Sorrell in the parish, and the main settlement stands on the banks of the Ebble.

The valley road runs from Salisbury in the east to Shaftesbury in the west between chalk downs on either side. The village sits at a crossroads where a road from Hampshire in the south runs down Knowle Hill and another route from Fovant and Tisbury in the north runs down Compton Down via Fifield Bavant and all roads meet near the public house in North Street. There is also a spur road along the River Chalke valley from Bowerchalke and Sixpenny Handley.

Religious sites[edit]

Parish church[edit]

All Saints' Church

The parish church of All Saints is a Grade I listed building.[2] It is from the late 13th and 14th centuries, with a 15th-century porch. Restoration in 1846-7 was by Wyatt and Brandon.[3]

Churches at Alvediston and Bowerchalke were considered to be chapels of the Broad Chalke church, until they became separate parishes in 1861 and 1880 respectively.[4] Broad Chalke and Bowerchalke were united in 1952[5] and became part of the Chalke Valley team ministry in 1972.[4]

There are eight bells in the church tower, including one from the 14th century. By 1553 there were four bells, with a fifth added in 1616 and a sixth in 1660.[4] Two more were added to mark the end of the 20th century, as part of a renovation funded by the Millennium Commission.[6]

Other churches[edit]

United Reformed Church

A Congregational chapel was built in or before 1801, and replaced by a new church in 1864, which joined the United Reformed Church at its formation in 1972.[7] In 2006 the church was refurbished and divided to provide a community room, then in 2013 the village shop and post office[8] moved into the church.[9] As of 2016, services continue to be held in the church.[10]

Primitive Methodists built a chapel in 1843. The chapel closed c. 1965 and was demolished in 1970.[11]

Amenities[edit]

The village has a C of E Primary School[12] and a doctors' surgery. There has been a village hall[13] since 1914 and a Reading Room (also called the Parish Room) on the same site before the village hall was built. The village has a pub, The Queen's Head.[14]

J E Fry & Son, the village shop and Post Office was in South Street and traded as family butchers under the Fry family for almost 100 years. After the closure of the shop and Post Office around Christmas 1992, the butchers began to sell groceries and everyday items and also incorporated the village Post Office which opened within the butchers on 15 June 1993. The shop was featured on BBC South Today as one of the most unusual locations for a Post Office in the region, and the butcher Robert Fry was the subject of ITV's Country Ways programme. He retired on 31 May 2013 and the shop in South Street closed.

Chalke Valley Stores[8] opened in the meeting area of the URC chapel in June 2013. There is a coffee shop in the chapel worship area and an office for the Chalke Valley Community Hub, Chalke Valley Stores, Police, Church Benefice and URC on the balcony, and a village archive on the balcony outside the office.

Watercress has been grown in the River Ebble cressbeds for many years and is sold from the packing station[15] at The Marsh.

Sport[edit]

The Chalke Valley Sports Centre[16] is located in Knighton Road and has a football pitch, tennis courts, skate park and also a Multi-Use Games Area (MUGA) for table tennis, short mat bowls, pilates and other indoor functions.

Chalke Valley Cricket Club[17] is nominally part of the Sports Centre but has its own management and finances and moved to a new ground at Butt's Field, Bowerchalke[18] in 2010.

The Gurston Down speed hill-climb course is at Gurston Farm in Broad Chalke and attracts many hundreds of visitors every year.[19]

Local government[edit]

The civil parish elects a parish council. It is in the area of Wiltshire Council unitary authority, which is responsible for most local government functions.

Notable residents[edit]

Notable residents of Broad Chalke include:

Reddish House in Broad Chalke

The cricketer John Stevens (1875–1923) was born at Broad Chalke.

History[edit]

It is not known when Broad Chalke was first inhabited or what it was called but fragmentary records from Saxon times indicate that the whole Chalke Valley area was thriving.[22]

9th century[edit]

An Anglo-Saxon charter of 826 records the name of the area including Bowerchalke and Broadchalke as Cealcan gemere.[20]

10th century[edit]

In 955 the Anglo-Saxon King Eadwig granted the nuns of Wilton Abbey an estate called Chalke which included land in Broad Chalke and Bowerchalke. The charter records the village name as aet Ceolcan.[4][20] Another charter in 974 records the name as Cheolca or Cheolcam.[20]

11th century[edit]

The Domesday Book in 1086 divided the Chalke Valley into eight manors: Chelke or Chelce or Celce (Bowerchalke and Broad Chalke), Eblesborne (Ebbesbourne Wake), Fifehide (Fifield), Cumbe (Coombe Bissett), Humitone (Homington), Odestoche (Odstock), Stradford (Stratford Tony and Bishopstone) and Trow (circa Alvediston and Tollard Royal).[22]

12th century[edit]

In the 12th century the area was known primarily as the Stowford Hundred, then subsequently as the Chalke Hundred. This included the parishes of Berwick St John, Ebbesbourne Wake, Fifield Bavant, Semley, Tollard Royal and 'Chalke'.[22] A charter of 1165 records the village name as Chalca, and the Pipe Rolls in 1174 have it as Chalche.[20]

13th century[edit]

All Saints' Church was built during the 13th century. The Curia Regis Rolls of 1207 records the village name as ChelkFeet of Fines, and another of 1242 records it as Chalke.[20] The name Burchelke (Bowerchalke) first appeared in 1225.[22]

14th century[edit]

A Saxon charter of 1304 records the village name as Cheolc and Cheolcan. The Feudal Aids of 1316 uses Chawke, whilst a Saxon Cartulary of 1321 uses Cealce. the Tax lists of 1327, 1332 and 1377 variously record the name as Chalk Magna and Chalke Magna.[20] Brode Chalk was first mentioned in 1380.[22]

15th century[edit]

The village is recorded in deeds of 1425 as Brodechalke.[20]

16th century[edit]

Circa 1536 Henry VIII granted Chalke to Sir William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke during the Dissolution of the Monasteries. In 1560 Queen Elizabeth I granted Reddish House and farm to William Reddiche who already owned several properties in the village as a 'Free tenant' of the Earl of Pembroke in Wilton.[4][20]

A rectory (now Grade II* listed) was built to the west of the church.[23]

The wills of William King (1545) and John Penny (1555) record the village name as Brood Chalke, whilst the Earl of Pembroke surveys of 1567 and 1590 list it as Brodechalke and Broadchalke.[20]

17th century[edit]

In 1605 the will of Michael Angod spelled the village name as Broadchalk. By 1631 the Earl of Pembroke's survey used the modern form of Broad Chalke, as did the will of John Farrent in 1699. However, the 1671 Dissenters Meeting House Certificates used Broadcholk.[20]

By 1608 the Pembroke estate had also acquired the manors of Knighton and Stoke Farthing.[20] The house called Knighton Manor was built towards the end of the century.[24]

18th century[edit]

The spelling of Broad Chalke continued to vary; in 1778 the will of Elizabeth Fifield spelled it as Broadchalk, whilst the 1784 will of Richard Follit used Broad Chalk.[20]

19th century[edit]

Again the spelling of Broad Chalke varied. In 1804 the will of Josiah Gould spelled it as Broad Chalke, whilst the 1830 will of Colt Hoare used Broad Chalk.[20]

By 1846 a cottage served as a National School, and in 1860 a new school and teacher's house were built opposite the church.[4]

Chalke was a comparatively large, disconnected estate that was divided into the two ecclesiastical parishes of Broad Chalk and Bowerchalke in 1880.[22]

20th century[edit]

In 1919 the Pembroke family started to sell the individual farms.[25]

In 1963 older children began to attend the secondary school at Wilton. Pupil numbers at Broad Chalke increased after the closure of village schools at Bowerchalke and Bishopstone. In the 1990s the school was extended with a hall and a fourth classroom.[26]

The spelling of Broad Chalke continued to vary: the Ordnance Survey maps and village road signs spelled it as Broad Chalke, whilst the Electoral Register used Broadchalke.[20]

21st century[edit]

In 2007 a new school was built on the eastern outskirts of the village, and the older school became private housing.[26]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Broad Chalke (parish): population statistics". CityPopulation.de. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  2. ^ Historic England. "Church of All Saints (1146136)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
  3. ^ "Church of All Saints, Broad Chalke". Wiltshire Community History. Wiltshire Council. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Victoria County History - Wiltshire - Vol 13 pp36-52 - Parishes: Broad Chalke". British History Online. University of London. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
  5. ^ "No. 39491". The London Gazette. 14 March 1952. p. 1466.
  6. ^ "Ring out the old, ring in the new". Salisbury Journal. 28 December 2006. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
  7. ^ "United Reformed Church, Broad Chalke". Wiltshire Community History. Wiltshire Council. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
  8. ^ a b "Chalke Valley Stores". Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  9. ^ "Local Services : Broad Chalke". Retrieved 28 February 2016.
  10. ^ "U R C Chapel, Broad Chalke". Chalke Valley Church. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
  11. ^ "Primitive Methodist Chapel, Broad Chalke". Wiltshire Community History. Wiltshire Council. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
  12. ^ "Broad Chalke School". Archived from the original on 21 April 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
  13. ^ "Village Hall". Archived from the original on 30 April 2013. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
  14. ^ "Queens Head". Archived from the original on 11 April 2014. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
  15. ^ "Chalke Valley Watercress". Archived from the original on 18 June 2008. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
  16. ^ "Chalke Valley Sports Centre". www.southwilts.com. Archived from the original on 14 April 2005. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
  17. ^ Chalke Valley Cricket Club Archived 31 August 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  18. ^ New Cricket Ground Archived 26 August 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  19. ^ "Gurston Down Speed Hillclimb, Salisbury, Wiltshire". Retrieved 10 February 2021.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Broad Chalke, A History of a South Wiltshire Village, its Land & People Over 2,000 years. By 'The People of the Village', 1999
  21. ^ Dennis Chalk BEM
  22. ^ a b c d e f Ebbesbourne Wake through the Ages by Peter Meers
  23. ^ Historic England. "Kings Old Rectory (1146135)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
  24. ^ Historic England. "Knighton Manor (1198385)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
  25. ^ "Wiltshire Council - Community History of Broad Chalke". Retrieved 3 January 2011.
  26. ^ a b "Broad Chalke CE Aided Primary School". Wiltshire Community History. Wiltshire Council. Retrieved 28 February 2016.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Broad Chalke.
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