Halomonas: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
No edit summary |
taxobox cleanup |
||
| (41 intermediate revisions by 35 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|Genus of bacteria}} |
|||
{{italic title}} |
|||
{{Automatic taxobox |
|||
{{Taxobox |
|||
| image = Detached_rusticles_hires.jpg |
|||
| color = lightgrey |
|||
| image_caption = Rusticles of the [[RMS Titanic|RMS ''Titanic'']] containing ''[[Halomonas titanicae|H. titanicae]]'' |
|||
| name = ''Halomonas'' |
|||
| taxon = Halomonas |
|||
| regnum = [[Bacterium|Bacteria]] |
|||
| authority = Vreeland ''et al.'' 1980 emend. Dobson and Franzmann 1996 |
|||
| phylum = [[Proteobacteria]] |
|||
| classis = [[Gammaproteobacteria]] |
|||
| ordo = [[Oceanospirillales]] |
|||
| familia = [[Halomonadaceae]] |
|||
| genus = ''Halomonas'' |
|||
| genus_authority = Vreeland ''et al.'' 1980 emend. Dobson and Franzmann 1996 |
|||
| type_species = ''Halomonas elongata'' |
| type_species = ''Halomonas elongata'' |
||
| subdivision_ranks = Species |
| subdivision_ranks = Species |
||
| subdivision = |
| subdivision = See text |
||
''[[Halomonas alimentaria|H. alimentaria]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas alkaliphila|H. alkaliphila]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas almeriensis|H. almeriensis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas anticariensis|H. anticariensis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas aquamarina|H. aquamarina]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas axialensis|H. axialensis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas boliviensis|H. boliviensis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas campaniensis|H. campaniensis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas campisalis|H. campisalis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas canadensis|H. canadensis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas cibimaris|H. cibimaris]]''<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Jeong | first1 = Sang Hyeon | last2 = Lee | first2 = Jong Hoon | last3 = Jung | first3 = Ji Young | last4 = Lee | first4 = Se Hee | last5 = Park | first5 = Moon Su | last6 = Jeon | first6 = Che Ok | date = 2013 | title = ''Halomonas cibimaris'' sp. nov., isolated from ''jeotgal'', a traditional Korean fermented seafood | journal = Antonie van Leeuwenhoek | volume = 103 | issue = 3 | pages = 503-512 | doi = 10.1007/s10482-012-9832-x}}</ref> <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas cupida|H. cupida]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas denitrificans|H. denitrificans]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas desiderata|H. desiderata]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas elongata|H. elongata]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas eurihalina|H. eurihalina]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas gomseomensis|H. gomseomensis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas halmophila|H. halmophila]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas halocynthiae|H. halocynthiae]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas halodenitrificans|H. halodenitrificans]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas halodurans|H. halodurans]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas halophila|H. halophila]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas hydrothermalis|H. hydrothermalis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas indalinina|H. indalinina]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas israelensis|H. israelensis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas janggokensis|H. janggokensis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas koreensis|H. koreensis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas magadiensis|H. magadiensis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas marisflavi|H. marisflavi]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas maura|H. maura]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas meridiana|H. meridiana]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas muralis|H. muralis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas neptunia|H. neptunia]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas nitroreducens|H. nitroreducens]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas organivorans|H. organivorans]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas pacifica|H. pacifica]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas pantelleriensis|H. pantelleriensis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas salaria|H. salaria]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas salina|H. salina]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas subglaciescola|H. subglaciescola]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas sulfidaeris|H. sulfidaeris]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas taeanensis|H. taeanensis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas titanicae|H. titanicae]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas variabilis|H. variabilis]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas ventosae|H. ventosae]]'' <br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas venusta|H. venusta]]'' |
|||
}} |
}} |
||
'''''Halomonas''''' is a genus of [[halophilic]] [[ |
'''''Halomonas''''' is a genus of [[halophilic]] (salt-tolerating) [[bacteria]]. It grows over the range of 5 to 25% [[NaCl]].{{citation needed|date=April 2015}} |
||
The type species of this genus is ''Halomonas elongata'',.<ref>VREELAND (R.H.), LITCHFIELD (C.D.), MARTIN (E.L.) and ELLIOT (E.): Halomonas elongata, a new genus and species of extremely salt-tolerant bacteria. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 485-495</ref></br> |
|||
The type species of this genus is ''[[Halomonas elongata]]''.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Vreeland | first1 = R.H. | last2 = Litchfield | first2 = C.D. | last3 = Martin | first3 = E.L. | last4 = Elliot | first4 = E. | year = 1980 | title = Halomonas elongata, a new genus and species of extremely salt-tolerant bacteria | journal = Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. | volume = 30 | issue = 2| pages = 485–495 | doi=10.1099/00207713-30-2-485| doi-access = free }}</ref> |
|||
==Etymology== |
|||
The name ''Halomonas'' derives from:<br/>[[Ancient Greek language|Greek]] noun ''hals, halos (ἅλς, ἁλός)'', salt; [[Ancient Greek language|Greek]] [[grammatical gender|feminine gender]] noun ''[[-monas|monas (μονάς / μονάδα)]]'', nominally meaning "a unit", but in effect meaning a bacterium; [[New Latin]] [[grammatical gender|feminine gender]] noun ''Halomonas'', salt (-tolerant) monad.<ref name=main>{{lpsn|h/halomonas.html|Halomonas}}</ref> |
|||
==Description== |
|||
Members of the genus Halomonas can be referred to as halomonads (''viz.'' [[Bacterial taxonomy#Vernacular names|Trivialisation of names]]). |
|||
Members of ''Halomonas'' are [[Gram-negative bacteria|Gram-negative]], [[bacillus (shape)|rod-shaped]] bacteria, generally 0.6-0.8 [[Micrometre|μm]] by 1.6-1.9 μm.<ref name=Bergey>{{cite book|title=Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria |pages=1–19 |author=Vreeland RH |date=2015 |doi=10.1002/9781118960608.gbm01190 |chapter=Halomonas |editor=Whitman WB|isbn=9781118960608 }}</ref> They move by using [[flagella]]. They grow in the presence of oxygen, although some have been reported to be able to grow without oxygen. When grown on an [[agar plate]], they form white/yellow colonies that turn light brown over time.<ref name=Bergey/> |
|||
==Ecology== |
|||
==Pathogenic potential== |
|||
''Halomonas'' species have been found in a broad variety of saline environments, including estuaries, the ocean, and saline lakes.<ref name=Bergey/> |
|||
Certain species of Halomonas may display [[pathogen]]ic potential in humans. In one study,<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1097/MD.0b013e3181aede29 | pmid = 19593230 | volume=88 | issue=4 | title=Halomonas, a newly recognized human pathogen causing infections and contamination in a dialysis center: three new species | year=2009 | month=July | journal=Medicine (Baltimore) | pages=244–9}}</ref> three Halomonas species were isolated from two patients suffering [[bacteremia]] in a renal care center. The study hypothesized that the [[bicarbonate]] used in the [[dialysis]] fluid may have been contaminated by the bacteria. |
|||
==Species== |
|||
===[[Halomonas titanicae]]=== |
|||
Many species of ''Halomonas'' have been described:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/halomonas |accessdate=8 December 2017 |title=''Halomonas'' |website=LPSN |author=Euzeby JP}}</ref> |
|||
In 2010, scientists looking at samples of [[rusticles]] from the [[Wreck of the Titanic|wreck of the Titanic]] have said that a recently discovered species of bacteria called ''Halomonas titanicae'' is consuming the metal on the ship itself, and as this bacteria feeds on the ship's iron, it causes high rates of deterioration. Scientists have estimated that it will be probably 15 or 20 years before the ''Titanic'' collapses to the ocean floor as a consequence of this new bacterium. Now, on the centenary of the sinking of the ''Titanic'', as this bacteria rapidly deteriorates ''Titanic'''s condition, experts are hurrying to preserve the site before the ship collapses, as has been noted. Dr Henrietta Mann, the discoverer of this bacterium, stated when looking at the rate of decay on the ''Titanic'' caused, ''In 1995, I was predicting that the ''Titanic'' had another 30 years, but I think it's deteriorating much faster than that now, and eventually there will be nothing but a rust stain.'' |
|||
{{div col|colwidth=10em}} |
|||
''[[Halomonas alimentaria|H. alimentaria]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas alkaliantarctica|H. alkaliantarctica]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas alkaliphila|H. alkaliphila]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas almeriensis|H. almeriensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas andesensis|H. andesensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas anticariensis|H. anticariensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas aquamarina|H. aquamarina]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas arcis|H. arcis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas axialensis|H. axialensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas beimenensis|H. beimenensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas boliviensis|H. boliviensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas campaniensis|H. campaniensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas campisalis|H. campisalis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas caseinilytica|H. caseinilytica]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas cerina|H. cerina]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas cibimaris|H. cibimaris]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas cupida|H. cupida]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas daqiaonensis|H. daqiaonensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas daqingensis|H. daqingensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas denitrificans|H. denitrificans]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas desiderata|H. desiderata]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas elongata|H. elongata]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas eurihalina|H. eurihalina]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas flava|H. flava]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas fontilapidosi|H. fontilapidosi]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas garicoa|H. garicola]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas gomseomensis|H. gomseomensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas gudaonensis|H. gudaonensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas halmophila|H. halmophila]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas halocynthiae|H. halocynthiae]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas halodenitrificans|H. halodenitrificans]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas halophila|H. halophila]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas hamiltonii|H. hamiltonii]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas heilongjiangensis|H. heilongjiangensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas huangheensis|H. huangheensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas hydrothermalis|H. hydrothermalis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas ilicicola|H. ilicicola]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas janggokensis|H. janggokensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas jeotgali|H. jeotgali]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas johnsoniae|H. johnsoniae]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas kenyensis|H. kenyensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas koreensis|H. koreensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas korlensis|H. korlensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas kribbensis|H. kribbensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas lutea|H. lutea]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas lutescence|H. lutescence]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas magadiensis|H. magadiensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas maura|H. maura]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas meridiana|H. meridiana]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas mongoliensis|H. mongoliensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas muralis|H. muralis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas nanhaiensis|H. nanhaiensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas neptunia|H. neptunia]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas nitroreducens|H. nitroreducens]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas olivaria|H. olivaria]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas organivorans|H. organivorans]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas pacifica|H. pacifica]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas pantelleriensis|H. pantelleriensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas qiaohouensis|H. qiaohouensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas qijiaojingensis|H. qijiaojingensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas ramblicola|H. ramblicola]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas rifensis|H. rifensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas sabkhae|H. sabkhae]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas saccharevitans|H. saccharevitans]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halimonas salicampi|H. salicampi]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halimonas salifodinae|H. salifodinae]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas salina|H. salina]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas sediminicola|H. sediminicola]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas shengliensis|H. shengliensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas sinaiensis|H. sinaiensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas smyrnensis|H. smyrnensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas songnenensis|H. songnenensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas stenophila|H. stenophila]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas stevensii|H. stevensii]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas subglaciescola|H. subglaciescola]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas subterranea|H. subterranea]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas sulfidaeris|H. sulfidaeris]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas taeanensis|H. taeanensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas titanicae|H. titanicae]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas urumqiensis|H. urumqiensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas variabilis|H. variabilis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas ventosae|H. ventosae]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas venusta|H. venusta]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas vilamensis|H. vilamensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas xianhensis|H. xianhensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas xinjiangensis|H. xinjiangensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas zhangjiangensis|H. zhangjiangensis]]''<br> |
|||
''[[Halomonas zincidurans|H. zincidurans]]'' |
|||
{{div col end}} |
|||
==Pathogenic potential== |
|||
== References == |
|||
Certain species of ''Halomonas ''may display [[pathogen]]ic potential in humans. In one study, three species were isolated from two patients suffering [[bacteremia]] in a [[Kidney dialysis|dialysis]] center. The study hypothesized that the [[bicarbonate]] used in the dialysis fluid may have been contaminated by the bacteria.<ref>{{cite journal |doi = 10.1097/MD.0b013e3181aede29 |pmid = 19593230 |volume=88 |issue=4 |title=Halomonas, a newly recognized human pathogen causing infections and contamination in a dialysis center: three new species |date=July 2009 |journal=Medicine (Baltimore) |pages=244–9 | last1 = Stevens | first1 = DA | last2 = Hamilton | first2 = JR | last3 = Johnson | first3 = N | last4 = Kim | first4 = KK | last5 = Lee | first5 = JS|s2cid = 36761419 | url = http://repository.kribb.re.kr/bitstream/201005/9162/1/8406.pdf }}</ref> |
|||
==Etymology== |
|||
The name ''Halomonas'' derives from: [[Ancient Greek language|Greek]] noun ''hals, halos'' (ἅλς, ἁλός), salt; and [[-monas|''monas'' (μονάς)]], nominally meaning "a unit", but in effect meaning a bacterium; thus, salt (-tolerant) monad.<ref name=main>{{lpsn|h/halomonas.html|Halomonas}}</ref> |
|||
Members of the genus ''Halomonas'' can be referred to as halomonads (see [[Bacterial taxonomy#Vernacular names|Trivialisation of names]]). |
|||
{{reflist}} |
|||
'''Fevre, E, and L A. Round'''. 1919. A preliminary |
|||
report upon mme halophilic bacteria. J. Bacteriol. 4:.177-182.[http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/30/2/485] |
|||
==References== |
|||
[[Category:Proteobacteria]] |
|||
{{Reflist}} |
|||
[[Category:Cryophiles]] |
|||
{{Taxonbar|from=Q390336}} |
|||
[[Category:Oceanospirillales]] |
|||
{{Proteobacteria-stub}} |
|||
[[Category:Psychrophiles]] |
|||
[[Category:Bacteria genera]] |
|||
Latest revision as of 21:28, 4 October 2023
| Halomonas | |
|---|---|
| |
| Rusticles of the RMS Titanic containing H. titanicae | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
| Class: | Gammaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Oceanospirillales |
| Family: | Halomonadaceae |
| Genus: | Halomonas Vreeland et al. 1980 emend. Dobson and Franzmann 1996 |
| Type species | |
| Halomonas elongata | |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
Halomonas is a genus of halophilic (salt-tolerating) bacteria. It grows over the range of 5 to 25% NaCl.[citation needed]
The type species of this genus is Halomonas elongata.[1]
Description[edit]
Members of Halomonas are Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria, generally 0.6-0.8 μm by 1.6-1.9 μm.[2] They move by using flagella. They grow in the presence of oxygen, although some have been reported to be able to grow without oxygen. When grown on an agar plate, they form white/yellow colonies that turn light brown over time.[2]
Ecology[edit]
Halomonas species have been found in a broad variety of saline environments, including estuaries, the ocean, and saline lakes.[2]
Species[edit]
Many species of Halomonas have been described:[3]
H. alimentaria
H. alkaliantarctica
H. alkaliphila
H. almeriensis
H. andesensis
H. anticariensis
H. aquamarina
H. arcis
H. axialensis
H. beimenensis
H. boliviensis
H. campaniensis
H. campisalis
H. caseinilytica
H. cerina
H. cibimaris
H. cupida
H. daqiaonensis
H. daqingensis
H. denitrificans
H. desiderata
H. elongata
H. eurihalina
H. flava
H. fontilapidosi
H. garicola
H. gomseomensis
H. gudaonensis
H. halmophila
H. halocynthiae
H. halodenitrificans
H. halophila
H. hamiltonii
H. heilongjiangensis
H. huangheensis
H. hydrothermalis
H. ilicicola
H. janggokensis
H. jeotgali
H. johnsoniae
H. kenyensis
H. koreensis
H. korlensis
H. kribbensis
H. lutea
H. lutescence
H. magadiensis
H. maura
H. meridiana
H. mongoliensis
H. muralis
H. nanhaiensis
H. neptunia
H. nitroreducens
H. olivaria
H. organivorans
H. pacifica
H. pantelleriensis
H. qiaohouensis
H. qijiaojingensis
H. ramblicola
H. rifensis
H. sabkhae
H. saccharevitans
H. salicampi
H. salifodinae
H. salina
H. sediminicola
H. shengliensis
H. sinaiensis
H. smyrnensis
H. songnenensis
H. stenophila
H. stevensii
H. subglaciescola
H. subterranea
H. sulfidaeris
H. taeanensis
H. titanicae
H. urumqiensis
H. variabilis
H. ventosae
H. venusta
H. vilamensis
H. xianhensis
H. xinjiangensis
H. zhangjiangensis
H. zincidurans
Pathogenic potential[edit]
Certain species of Halomonas may display pathogenic potential in humans. In one study, three species were isolated from two patients suffering bacteremia in a dialysis center. The study hypothesized that the bicarbonate used in the dialysis fluid may have been contaminated by the bacteria.[4]
Etymology[edit]
The name Halomonas derives from: Greek noun hals, halos (ἅλς, ἁλός), salt; and monas (μονάς), nominally meaning "a unit", but in effect meaning a bacterium; thus, salt (-tolerant) monad.[5]
Members of the genus Halomonas can be referred to as halomonads (see Trivialisation of names).
References[edit]
- ^ Vreeland, R.H.; Litchfield, C.D.; Martin, E.L.; Elliot, E. (1980). "Halomonas elongata, a new genus and species of extremely salt-tolerant bacteria". Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 30 (2): 485–495. doi:10.1099/00207713-30-2-485.
- ^ a b c Vreeland RH (2015). "Halomonas". In Whitman WB (ed.). Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria. pp. 1–19. doi:10.1002/9781118960608.gbm01190. ISBN 9781118960608.
- ^ Euzeby JP. "Halomonas". LPSN. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
- ^ Stevens, DA; Hamilton, JR; Johnson, N; Kim, KK; Lee, JS (July 2009). "Halomonas, a newly recognized human pathogen causing infections and contamination in a dialysis center: three new species" (PDF). Medicine (Baltimore). 88 (4): 244–9. doi:10.1097/MD.0b013e3181aede29. PMID 19593230. S2CID 36761419.
- ^ Halomonas in LPSN; Parte, Aidan C.; Sardà Carbasse, Joaquim; Meier-Kolthoff, Jan P.; Reimer, Lorenz C.; Göker, Markus (1 November 2020). "List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 70 (11): 5607–5612. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004332.