Oceanospirillales

Oceanospirillales
GFAJ-1 on medium containing phosphate
Systematics
Domain : Bacteria (bacteria) Department : Proteobacteria Class : Gammaproteobacteria Order : Oceanospirillales
Scientific name
Oceanospirillales
Garrity et al. 2005

Oceanospirillales are an order of the Proteobacteria . Like all Proteobacteria, the corresponding species are gram-negative . The metabolism is chemoorganotrophic , which means that organic substances are broken down to generate energy, as is the case with all animals and humans.

Appearance

The bacteria are usually motile by tufts of flagella or individual flagella. Species of Oceanospirillum usually have flagellar tufts at both cell ends, they are polytrichal bipolar (amphitrichal flagellated). The species Balneatrix alpica , now part of the Balneatrichaceae , is flagellated with one or two polar flagella. Carnimonas ( Halomonadaceae ) are among the members who do not have flagella . The majority of the species are rod-shaped, the cell shape of Oceanospirillum is spiral-shaped (helical).

ecology

Some species tolerate lack to complete exclusion of oxygen, they are facultatively aerobic . Most are dependent on oxygen (obligatory aerobic), but there are also microaerobic species specializing in low oxygen concentrations. These include B. the marine species Marinospirillum megaterium of the family Oceanospirillacae. Many species of the order are halotolerant to halophilic, so they can live in environments with high salt concentrations or are even dependent on high concentrations (halophilic).

The rod-shaped bacterium Alcanivorax borkumensis is able to break down petroleum, so it is more common in oil-polluted environments. It is one of the hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria and is important for the biotechnological breakdown of oil spills. It was first described in 1998 and is now assigned to the Alcanivoracaceae family . The species Oleibacter marinus is capable of breaking down alkane chains , which makes the bacterium interesting for the removal of petroleum pollution in the tropical sea. Oleibacter is a member of the Oceanospirillaceae family. The cold- loving species Oleispira antarctica and the species Thalassolituus oleivorans can also use long-chain alkanes. Oleispira and Thalassolituus are also assigned to the Oceanospirillaceae.

Systematics

The order Oceanospirillales from the following families :

• Alcanivoracaceae
• Balneatrichaceae
• Endozoicomonadaceae
• Hahellaceae
• Halomonadaceae
  • Halomonas titanicae
• Kangiellaceae
• Litoricolaceae
• Oceanospirillaceae
• Oleiphilaceae
• Saccharospirillaceae

The following genera are not assigned to any family:

• Salicola Maturrano et al. 2006
• Spongiispira Kaesler et al. 2008

literature

• George M. Garrity (Ed.): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology . 2nd edition, Volume 2: The Proteobacteria. Part B: The Gammaproteobacteria. Springer, New York 2005, ISBN 0-387-95040-0 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ JP Euzéby: List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature. - List of families included in orders: Oceanospirillales (as of April 4, 2020).