Regelia: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m Johannes Conrad Schauer
 
(36 intermediate revisions by 24 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
⚫
{{taxobox
{{for|the genus of bromeliads|Neoregelia}}
⚫
|name = ''Regelia''
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
⚫
|image = Regelia.jpg
{{Use Australian English|date=September 2011}}
|image_caption = ''Regelia velutina'' in bloom.
⚫
{{Automatic taxobox
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
⚫
|image = Regelia megacephala 0082.jpg
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperm]]s
|image_caption = ''[[Regelia megacephala]]'' [[inflorescence]] in [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Cranbourne]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicot]]s
|display_parents = 2
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosid]]s
⚫
|taxon = Regelia
|ordo = [[Myrtales]]
⚫
|authority = [[Johannes Conrad Schauer|Schauer]]
|familia = [[Myrtaceae]]
|genus = '''''Regelia'''''
⚫
|genus_authority = [[Johannes Conrad Schauer|Schauer]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = See text.
|subdivision = See text
⚫
}}
<sub>
⚫
|}}


'''''Regelia''''' is a [[genus (biology)|genus]] of [[flowering plant]]s in the family [[Myrtaceae]]. This genus is composed of six [[species]] of small leaved, [[evergreen]] shrubs and trees that are [[endemism|endemic]] to [[Australia]]. Five of the six species are endemic to the south-west of [[Western Australia]]. The sixth species that has been assigned to this genus (''R. punicea'') is endemic to [[Kakadu National Park]] in the [[Northern Territory]] and is now considered to belong to a new separate genus, ''Petraeomyrtus''. Regelia species range from 1 to 6 meters in height.<ref name=florabase>[http://florabase.dec.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/21844 Regelia] Florabase: The Western Australian Flora (ID 21844)</ref> They are noted for bearing essential oils.<ref name=florabase></ref> Typically showy blooms are aggregate inflorescences which take the form of heads or spikes depending upon the species. Fruits are a woody, 3-valved capsule which often split upon maturity.
'''''Regelia''''' is a [[genus]] of [[flowering plant]]s in the family [[Myrtaceae]] and is [[endemic (ecology)|endemic]] to the [[Southwest_Australia|south-west]] of [[Western Australia]]. The genus is composed of five [[species]] of small leaved, [[evergreen]] shrubs which have heads of flowers on the ends of branches which continue to grow after flowering. Another species, previously known as ''Regelia punicea'' and which is endemic to [[Kakadu National Park]] in the [[Northern Territory]], has been transferred to ''[[Melaleuca punicea]]''.


==Description==
==Etymology and taxonomy==
Plants in the genus ''Regelia'' are woody, evergreen shrubs ranging in height from {{convert|1-6|m|ft|sigfig=1}}. Their leaves are small, arranged in opposite pairs or spirally and are noted for bearing essential oils. Their flowers are pinkish purple, rarely red, and are arranged in heads on the ends of branches which continue to grow after flowering. The flowers have 5 [[sepal]]s, 5 [[petal]]s and numerous [[stamen]]s arranged in 5 bundles around the edge of the flower. In many respects, they are similar to plants in the [[genus|genera]] ''[[Melaleuca]]'', ''[[Calothamnus]]'', ''[[Conothamnus]]'' and ''[[Phymatocarpus]]'' but differ from them either in the attachment of the [[stamen|anther]]s to their stalks, the way they open to release [[pollen]], or the number of seeds in the fruits. Plants in the genus ''Regelia'' have their anthers attached at the base (rather than the side) and open at terminal pores (rather than slits). The fruits are woody [[Capsule (botany)|capsule]]s with three [[Ovary (botany)|valves]] and have a maximum of two fertile seeds in each valve.<ref name=FloraBase>{{FloraBase|name=''Regelia Schauer''|id = 21844}}</ref><ref name=Kubitzki>{{cite book|editor= K. Kubitzki |title=The families and genera of vascular plants|date=1990|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|isbn=9783642143960|page=237|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_hHvYeQYTTEC&dq=Regelia&pg=PA237|accessdate=26 August 2015}}</ref>
The genus was first formally described by [[Johannes Conrad Schauer|J.C.Schauer]] in 1843 who gave it the name ''Regelia'' in honour of [[Germany|German]] gardener and [[botanist]] [[Eduard August von Regel]].<ref name=florabase></ref>


==Taxonomy and naming==
''Regelia'' is closely related to ''[[Melaleuca]]''; both have [[stamen]]s which are fused into clusters. The primary difference between the genera is that in ''Regelia'' the [[anther]]s are attached at the base and in ''Melaleuca'' they are attached at the side.<ref name=asgap>[http://asgap.org.au/r-cym.html Association of Societies for Growing Australian Plants (ASGAP): ''Regelia cymbifolia'']</ref> These genera are also closely related to ''[[Beaufortia]]'', ''[[Calothamnus]]'' and ''[[Eremaea (plant)|Eremaea]]''.<ref name=asgap></ref>
The genus ''Regelia'' was first formally described in 1843 by [[Johannes Conrad Schauer|J.C.Schauer]] in the journal ''Linnaea; Ein Journal für die Botanik in ihrem ganzen Umfange''<ref name=APNI(1)>{{cite web|title=''Regelia''|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/boa/instance/apni/664504|publisher=APNI|accessdate=26 August 2015}}</ref><ref name=Schauer>{{cite journal|last1=Schauer|first1=Johannes Conrad|title=Genera Myrtacearum nova vel denuo recognita|journal=Linnaea: Ein Journal für die Botanik in ihrem ganzen Umfange.|date=1843|volume=17|pages=243–244|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/106913#page/249/mode/1up|accessdate=26 August 2015}}</ref> and the first species he named was ''[[Regelia ciliata]]''. The name ''Regelia'' honours [[Germans|German]] gardener and [[botanist]] [[Eduard August von Regel]].<ref name="FloraBase" />

==Distribution and habitat==
All five ''Regelia'' species are found in the [[Southwest Australia|South West Botanical Province]]. They grow in sand or sandy soil, often on the margins of winter-wet depressions.<ref name=Flora>{{cite book|last1=Paczkowska|first1=Grazyna|last2=Chapman|first2=Alex R.|title=The Western Australian flora : a descriptive catalogue|date=2000|publisher=Wildflower Society of Western Australia|location=Perth|isbn=0646402439|pages=400–401}}</ref>

==Conservation==
Two species, ''[[Regelia cymbifolia]]'' and ''[[Regelia megacephala]]'', are classified as "Priority Four" by the Western Australian government Department of Parks and Wildlife<ref name="FloraBase" /> meaning that they are rare or near threatened.<ref name=DPAW>{{cite web|title=Conservation codes for Western Australian flora and fauna|url=http://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/images/documents/plants-animals/threatened-species/Listings/Conservation_code_definitions.pdf|publisher=Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife|accessdate=26 August 2015}}</ref>


==Species==
==Species==
There are currently five recognized species of ''Regelia''. A sixth species, ''Regelia punicea'' was originally formally described in 1984 by N.B.Byrnes as ''Melaleuca punicea'',<ref name=APNI(2)>{{cite web|title=''Melaleuca punicea''|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/boa/instance/apni/27846|publisher=APNI|accessdate=26 August 2015}}</ref> renamed ''Regelia punicea'' by B.A.Barlow in 1987,<ref name=APNI(3)>{{cite web|title=''Regelia punicea''|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/boa/instance/apni/523241|publisher=APNI|accessdate=26 August 2015}}</ref> then ''Petraeomyrtus punicea'' by [[Lyndley Craven|L.A.Craven]] in 2010<ref name=APNI(4)>{{cite web|title=''Petraeomyrtus punicea''|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/boa/instance/apni/664054|publisher=APNI|accessdate=26 August 2015}}</ref> and finally in 2013, returned to ''[[Melaleuca punicea]]'' by Craven on the basis of molecular data.<ref name=Brophy>{{cite book|last1=Brophy|first1=Joseph J.|last2=Craven|first2=Lyndley A.|last3=Doran|first3=John C.|title=Melaleucas : their botany, essential oils and uses|date=2013|publisher=Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research|location=Canberra|isbn=9781922137517|page=16|url=http://aciar.gov.au/files/mn156-prelims_1.pdf|accessdate=26 August 2015}}</ref>
There are currently six recognized species of ''Regelia''. All are endemic to small geographic regions in southwestern or north-central Australia.


* ''[[Regelia ciliata]]'' <small> [[Johannes Conrad Schauer|Schauer]] </small>;
*''[[Regelia ciliata]]'' <small>Schauer</small> is a rigid spreading [[shrub]] which grows 1.3 m to 1.5 m across. It has tiny wedge shaped leaves, and paper-like bark on the stems.<ref>[http://www.anbg.gov.au/gnp/gnp14/regelia-ciliata.html Regelia ciliata] Australians National Botanic Gardens, Australian Government.</ref>
* ''[[Regelia cymbifolia]]'' <small>(Diels) C.A.Gardner</small> is a much branched, upright shrub of about 2 meters in height, and bearing tiny wedge shaped leaves. It blooms in the spring, producing clusters of many small heads.
* ''[[Regelia cymbifolia]]'' <small> ([[Ludwig Diels|Diels]]) [[Charles Gardner (botanist)|C.A.Gardner]] </small>;
* ''[[Regelia inops]]'' <small> (Schauer) Schauer</small>;
*''[[Regelia inops]]'' <small>(Schauer) Schauer</small> is an upright but often spreading shrub which can grow to 0.75–2.5 m and has tiny wedge shaped leaves.<ref>[http://florabase.dec.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/6014 R. inops] FloraBase: The Western Australian Flora.</ref>
* ''[[Regelia megacephala]]'' <small>C.A.Gardner</small> is a rare, 2-5 meter tall shrub, which has larger (but still small) rounded leaves.<ref>[http://florabase.dec.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/6015 R. megacephala] FloraBase: The Western Australian Flora.</ref>
* ''[[Regelia megacephala]]'' <small> C.A.Gardner </small>;
* ''[[Regelia velutina]]'' <small> ([[Nikolai Turczaninow|Turcz.]]) C.A.Gardner</small> – Barrens regelia.
* ''[[Regelia velutina]]'' <small>(Turcz.) C.A.Gardner</small> (Barrens regelia) is the showiest and largest member of the genus. It is a large shrub or small [[tree]] which can grow up to 6 meters. It is noted for growing on very poor dry soils and having large flower heads.<ref>[http://florabase.dec.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/6016 R. velutina] FloraBase: The Western Australian Flora.</ref>
* ''[[Regelia punicea]]'' <small>(N.Byrnes) Barlow</small> is found in the Northern Territory. This species was reassigned from genus ''Melaleuca'' in 1986 <ref>[http://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/BRU9860089.htm Regelia punicea (N.Byrnes) Barlow, comb.nov. (Myrtaceae) from the Northern Territory: Phytogeographic implications.] Barlow, BA. 1986, in Brunonia 9(1) 89 - 97. Australian Systematic Botany.</ref> but subsequently was proposed as a member of a new separate genus, ''[[Petraeomyrtus]]'',<ref>[http://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/SB98018.htm Generic position of Melaleuca punicea: Petraeomyrtus, gen. nov. (Myrtaceae)], Craven, LA. 1999, in ''Australian Systematic Botany'' 12(5) 675 - 678</ref> within which its species name is ''[[Petraeomyrtus punicea]]'' <small>(Byrnes) Craven</small>. <ref>[http://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/BT05133.htm Recruitment dynamics of the long-lived obligate seeders Callitris intratropica (Cupressaceae) and Petraeomyrtus punicea (Myrtaceae)], Russell-Smith, Jeremy. 2006, in ''Australian Journal of Botany'' 54(5) 479–485</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q2712906}}
==External links==
*[http://www.anbg.gov.au/images/photo_cd/732131822184/036.html Australian National Botanic Gardens: ''Regelia velutina'' (photo)]
*{{APNI | name = ''Regelia'' Schauer | id = 43846 }}


[[Category:Myrtaceae]]
[[Category:Regelia| ]]
[[Category:Myrtaceae genera]]
[[Category:Myrtales of Australia]]
[[Category:Myrtales of Australia]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of Southwest Australia]]

[[es:Regelia]]
[[fr:Regelia]]
[[pt:Regelia]]

Latest revision as of 18:23, 27 April 2022

For the genus of bromeliads, see Neoregelia.

Regelia
Regelia megacephala inflorescence in Royal Botanic Gardens, Cranbourne
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Subfamily: Myrtoideae
Tribe: Melaleuceae
Genus: Regelia
Schauer
Species

See text

Regelia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. The genus is composed of five species of small leaved, evergreen shrubs which have heads of flowers on the ends of branches which continue to grow after flowering. Another species, previously known as Regelia punicea and which is endemic to Kakadu National Park in the Northern Territory, has been transferred to Melaleuca punicea.

Description[edit]

Plants in the genus Regelia are woody, evergreen shrubs ranging in height from 1–6 metres (3–20 ft). Their leaves are small, arranged in opposite pairs or spirally and are noted for bearing essential oils. Their flowers are pinkish purple, rarely red, and are arranged in heads on the ends of branches which continue to grow after flowering. The flowers have 5 sepals, 5 petals and numerous stamens arranged in 5 bundles around the edge of the flower. In many respects, they are similar to plants in the genera Melaleuca, Calothamnus, Conothamnus and Phymatocarpus but differ from them either in the attachment of the anthers to their stalks, the way they open to release pollen, or the number of seeds in the fruits. Plants in the genus Regelia have their anthers attached at the base (rather than the side) and open at terminal pores (rather than slits). The fruits are woody capsules with three valves and have a maximum of two fertile seeds in each valve.[1][2]

Taxonomy and naming[edit]

The genus Regelia was first formally described in 1843 by J.C.Schauer in the journal Linnaea; Ein Journal für die Botanik in ihrem ganzen Umfange[3][4] and the first species he named was Regelia ciliata. The name Regelia honours German gardener and botanist Eduard August von Regel.[1]

Distribution and habitat[edit]

All five Regelia species are found in the South West Botanical Province. They grow in sand or sandy soil, often on the margins of winter-wet depressions.[5]

Conservation[edit]

Two species, Regelia cymbifolia and Regelia megacephala, are classified as "Priority Four" by the Western Australian government Department of Parks and Wildlife[1] meaning that they are rare or near threatened.[6]

Species[edit]

There are currently five recognized species of Regelia. A sixth species, Regelia punicea was originally formally described in 1984 by N.B.Byrnes as Melaleuca punicea,[7] renamed Regelia punicea by B.A.Barlow in 1987,[8] then Petraeomyrtus punicea by L.A.Craven in 2010[9] and finally in 2013, returned to Melaleuca punicea by Craven on the basis of molecular data.[10]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c "Regelia Schauer". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  2. ^ K. Kubitzki, ed. (1990). The families and genera of vascular plants. Berlin: Springer. p. 237. ISBN 9783642143960. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  3. ^ "Regelia". APNI. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  4. ^ Schauer, Johannes Conrad (1843). "Genera Myrtacearum nova vel denuo recognita". Linnaea: Ein Journal für die Botanik in ihrem ganzen Umfange. 17: 243–244. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  5. ^ Paczkowska, Grazyna; Chapman, Alex R. (2000). The Western Australian flora : a descriptive catalogue. Perth: Wildflower Society of Western Australia. pp. 400–401. ISBN 0646402439.
  6. ^ "Conservation codes for Western Australian flora and fauna" (PDF). Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  7. ^ "Melaleuca punicea". APNI. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  8. ^ "Regelia punicea". APNI. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  9. ^ "Petraeomyrtus punicea". APNI. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  10. ^ Brophy, Joseph J.; Craven, Lyndley A.; Doran, John C. (2013). Melaleucas : their botany, essential oils and uses (PDF). Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. p. 16. ISBN 9781922137517. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Regelia&oldid=1084981307"