Tomarctus: Difference between revisions
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{{Taxobox |
{{Taxobox |
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|name = ''Tomarctus'' |
| name = ''Tomarctus'' |
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|fossil_range = early to middle [[Miocene]] {{fossilrange|20.43|13.6}} |
| fossil_range = early to middle [[Miocene]] {{fossilrange|20.43|13.6}} |
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|regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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| image = Tomarctus temerarius.JPG |
| image = Tomarctus temerarius.JPG |
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| image_width = 250px |
| image_width = 250px |
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| image_caption = ''Tomarctus temerarius'' skull |
| image_caption = ''Tomarctus temerarius'' skull |
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|phylum = [[Chordata]] |
| phylum = [[Chordata]] |
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|classis = [[ |
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia |
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|ordo = [[Carnivora]] |
| ordo = [[Carnivora]] |
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|familia = [[Canidae]] |
| familia = [[Canidae]] |
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|subfamilia = †[[Borophaginae]] |
| subfamilia = †[[Borophaginae]] |
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|genus = '''''Tomarctus''''' |
| genus = '''''Tomarctus''''' |
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|genus_authority = [[Edward Drinker Cope|Cope]], 1873 |
| genus_authority = [[Edward Drinker Cope|Cope]], 1873 |
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|type_species = ''Tomarctus brevirostris'' |
| type_species = ''Tomarctus brevirostris'' |
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|subdivision_ranks = Species<ref name="Wang1999">{{cite journal| last = Wang| first = Xiaoming|author2=Richard Tedford |author3=Beryl Taylor | title = Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae| journal = Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History| volume = 243| date = 1999-11-17| url = http://www.nhm.org/expeditions/rrc/wang/documents/Wangetal1999borophaginemonographpart1.pdf| accessdate = 2007-07-08 }}</ref> |
| subdivision_ranks = Species<ref name="Wang1999">{{cite journal| last = Wang| first = Xiaoming|author2=Richard Tedford |author3=Beryl Taylor | title = Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae| journal = Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History| volume = 243| date = 1999-11-17| url = http://www.nhm.org/expeditions/rrc/wang/documents/Wangetal1999borophaginemonographpart1.pdf| accessdate = 2007-07-08 }}</ref> |
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|subdivision = |
| subdivision = |
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* †''T. brevirostris'' |
* †''T. brevirostris'' |
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* †''T. hippophaga '' |
* †''T. hippophaga '' |
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| range_map_caption=Range of ''Tomarctus'' based on fossil distribution |
| range_map_caption=Range of ''Tomarctus'' based on fossil distribution |
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| ⚫ | '''''Tomarctus''''' is a [[canidae|canine]] genus of the extinct [[subfamily]] [[Borophaginae]] which inhabited most of [[North America]] during the late [[Early Miocene]] to the [[Barstovian|Early Barstovian]] age of the [[Middle Miocene]] (23—16 [[Annum|mya]]). ''Tomarctus'' existed for approximately {{Mya|20.43-13.6|million years}}. |
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| ⚫ | '''''Tomarctus''''' is a [[canidae|canine]] of the extinct [[subfamily]] [[Borophaginae]] which inhabited most of [[North America]] during the late [[Early Miocene]] to the [[Barstovian|Early Barstovian]] age of the [[Middle Miocene]] (23—16 [[Annum|mya]]). ''Tomarctus'' existed for approximately {{Mya|20.43-13.6|million years}}. |
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''Tomarctus'' evolved from the earlier genus ''[[Nothocyon]]''.{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}} This animal shared a period of time and ecology with a variety of other [[bear dog]]s like the giant [[mustelid]] genus of bone-crushing canidae, ''[[Cynarctoides]]''. As the bear dogs and giant mustelids became extinct, ''Tomarctus'' further radiated to fill a line of [[dog]]s which filled the [[hyena]]-like fruit eating and bone-crushing niches. |
''Tomarctus'' evolved from the earlier genus ''[[Nothocyon]]''.{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}} This animal shared a period of time and ecology with a variety of other [[bear dog]]s like the giant [[mustelid]] genus of bone-crushing canidae, ''[[Cynarctoides]]''. As the bear dogs and giant mustelids became extinct, ''Tomarctus'' further radiated to fill a line of [[dog]]s which filled the [[hyena]]-like fruit eating and bone-crushing niches. |
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[[Category:Serravallian extinctions]] |
[[Category:Serravallian extinctions]] |
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[[Category:Prehistoric mammals of North America]] |
[[Category:Prehistoric mammals of North America]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Prehistoric mammal genera]] |
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[[Category:Burdigalian first appearances]] |
[[Category:Burdigalian first appearances]] |
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Revision as of 09:53, 27 February 2016
| Tomarctus Temporal range: early to middle Miocene
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| Tomarctus temerarius skull | |
| Scientific classification | |
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| Genus: | Tomarctus Cope, 1873
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| Type species | |
| Tomarctus brevirostris | |
| Species[1] | |
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| Range of Tomarctus based on fossil distribution | |
Tomarctus is a canine genus of the extinct subfamily Borophaginae which inhabited most of North America during the late Early Miocene to the Early Barstovian age of the Middle Miocene (23—16 mya). Tomarctus existed for approximately 6.83 million years.
Tomarctus evolved from the earlier genus Nothocyon.[citation needed] This animal shared a period of time and ecology with a variety of other bear dogs like the giant mustelid genus of bone-crushing canidae, Cynarctoides. As the bear dogs and giant mustelids became extinct, Tomarctus further radiated to fill a line of dogs which filled the hyena-like fruit eating and bone-crushing niches.
Species
The genus currently contains two accepted species, Tomarctus brevirostris and Tomarctus hippophaga.
Tomarctus brevirostris, synonymous with Aelurodon francisi, was named by Edward Drinker Cope in 1873. Fossil specimens have been found as far south as Panama, east to Plum Point, Maryland, west to California, and north to Montana.[2]
Tomarctus hippophaga was first described by Matthew and Cook in 1909 from the Trojan Quarry, Olcott Formation, Nebraska. Specimens have since been found as far west as California and as far north as the Montana/Alberta, Canada line.[3]
References
- ^ Wang, Xiaoming; Richard Tedford; Beryl Taylor (1999-11-17). "Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 243. Retrieved 2007-07-08.
- ^ Paleobiology Database: Tomarctus brevirostris
- ^ Paleobiology Database: Tomarctus hippophaga
- Martin, L.D. 1989. Fossil history of the terrestrial carnivora. Pages 536 - 568 in J.L. Gittleman, editor. Carnivore Behavior, Ecology, and Evolution, Vol. 1. Comstock Publishing Associates: Ithaca.
- Tedford, R.H. 1978. History of dogs and cats: A view from the fossil record. Pages 1 – 10 in Nutrition and Management of Dogs and Cats. Ralston Purina Co.: St. Louis.
- - Bio One Data Base - Tomarctus
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