Knotty summer arum
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Knotty summer root ( Phelipanche ramosa ) |
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The Orobanche ramosa ( Phelipanche ramosa ) is a plant type from the genus orobanche ( Orobanche ) in the family of broomrape plants (Orobanchaceae). Phelipanche ramosa was previously listed as Orobanche ramosa .
description
The branchy summer root is a 3 to 40 cm high, parasitic plant that parasitizes mainly on hemp ( cannabis ), tobacco ( Nicotiana ) and nightshade ( Solanum ). The plant branches out basally, mostly underground.
The crown is pale yellow at the base, pale blue or purple towards the hem. It is four-toothed, has a short bell shape and is 10 to 12 mm long. The scar is whitish. Flowering time is July and August.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
Occurrence
The branchy summer root probably comes from America, but is also widespread in Europe, Asia and North Africa. It used to grow in Germany and Austria in tobacco and hemp crops and sometimes caused great damage. Today there are only a few occurrences in Germany, in Austria it is extinct with the exception of Carinthia. The branchy summer root occurs mainly in societies of the Polygono-Chenopodietalia class, the hackweed societies. According to some authors, it is at home in Spain, France, Bulgaria, Romania, Great Britain, Germany and Switzerland.
Systematics
In the past, phelipaea ramosa were still subspecies of clans, which today are mostly viewed as separate species:
- Orobanche ramosa subsp. mutelii (FW Schultz) Cout. => Phelipanche mutelii (FW Schultz) Pomel
- Orobanche ramosa subsp. nana (Reut.) Cout. => Phelipanche nana (Reut.) Soják
- Orobanche ramosa subsp. ramosa => Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel s. st.
literature
- Siegmund Seybold : Flora of Germany and neighboring countries. A book for identifying vascular plants that grow wild and often cultivated . Founded by Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen . 93rd completely revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2006, ISBN 3-494-01413-2 .
- Hans-Joachim Zündorf, Karl-Friedrich Günther, Heiko Korsch, Werner Westhus (eds.): Flora of Thuringia. The wild fern and flowering plants of Thuringia . Weissdorn, Jena 2006, ISBN 3-936055-09-2 .
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 .
- ↑ D. M Joel: The new nomenclature of Orobanche and Phelipanche. In: Weed Research. Volume 49, Supplement s1, 2009, pp. 6-7, doi : 10.1111 / j.1365-3180.2009.00748.x .
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 864-865 .
- ↑ Phelipanche in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 27, 2018.
- ↑ G. Domina & E. von Raab-Straube (2019+): Orobanchaceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Data sheet Phelipaea
Web links
- Knotty summer arum. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Knotty summer arum . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Orobanche ramosa L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
- Thomas Meyer: Blauwürger data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )