Ethiopian eggplant
| Ethiopian eggplant | ||||||||||||
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Ethiopian eggplant ( Solanum aethiopicum ) |
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| Solanum aethiopicum | ||||||||||||
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The Ethiopian eggplant ( Solanum aethiopicum ) is a plant type from the genus of Solanaceae ( Solanum ) in the family of the nightshade family (Solanaceae). Their varieties are grown as fruit vegetables.
description
Vegetative characteristics
The Ethiopian eggplant is an annual , herbaceous plant that can reach heights of up to 70 cm. It is hairy with stalked or sessile, five- to nine-rayed, star-shaped trichomes . The stems are covered with 2 to 5 mm long, at the base 1 to 2 mm wide, straight or slightly curved spines .
The upper leaves are often in unevenly shaped pairs. The petiole is 2 to 7 cm long. The leaf blade is ovate to elongated ovate and reaches a length of 10 to 20 cm and a width of 6 to 14 cm. The leaf blade is irregularly wavy, the tip can be pointed or blunt. The underside is covered with simple and star-shaped trichomes, along the leaf veins the hair is finely tomentose and consists only of star-shaped trichomes, there are often awl-shaped spines with a length of 3 to 7 mm.
Inflorescences and flowers
The inflorescences stand outside the leaf axils due to concealment . They are built up in clusters , consist of only a few flowers and are on a 1 to 1.5 cm long peduncle . The flower stalk is 5 to 12 cm long and has spines 0.2 to 2 mm long.
The flowers are usually five-fold, but can also be six to nine-fold on cultivated plants. The calyx is bell-shaped, 5 to 7 mm long and 3 to 4 mm wide and decorated with slightly irregular, ovoid to ovoid-lanceolate lobes. The crown is white or slightly purple in color, star-shaped or star-shaped-wheel-shaped. It reaches a diameter of 1.5 to 2.5 cm, the coronet is about 6.5 mm wide.
The stamens consist of 0.5 to 1 mm long, hairless stamens and lanceolate-elliptical, 4 to 5 mm long and 0.7 to 1 mm wide anthers , which are bulged at the base and tip. The ovary is four to achtkammerig and carries a 5.7 to 7.5 mm long stylus .
Fruits and seeds
The fruits are orange to red colored berries with a diameter of 1.5 to 3 cm, rarely they are up to 5 cm in size. Often times they are furrowed four to six times. They contain kidney-shaped seeds with a diameter of 2 to 3.5 mm.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
use
The ripe fruits of the Ethiopian eggplant are eaten raw or cooked, they are also considered a remedy for colic and flatulence . The leaves are also used as food; they are usually boiled before consumption. Studies have shown that the leaves have a slight antispasmodic effect.
sorts
- 'Small Ruffled Red'
- 'Sweet Red'
- 'Turkish Orange'
- 'Rouge de Turquie' with orange-colored fruits, which can be prepared in the unripe green state and have a strong taste.
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ Solanum aethiopicum at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ ZO Gbile and SK Adesina: Nigerian Solanum Species of Economic Importance . In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , Volume 75, 1988. Pages 862-865.
literature
- Zhang Zhi-yun, Lu An-ming and William G. D'Arcy: Solanum aethiopicum . In: Flora of China , Volume 17. Pages 322, 1994.
