Ælle (Deira)

Deira and its neighboring kingdoms

Ælle (also: Ælla, Aelle, Aelli, Aillus ; † 588/590) was the first known king of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Deira in the 6th century.

Life

family

Ælle was a son of Yffi and traced his descent to Woden . His brother Ælfric did not appear historically. It is possible that Æll's successor, Æthelric, was also his brother. Ælle had at least two children: the son Edwin , who was also king from 616 to 633, and the daughter Acha, who was married to King Æthelfrith (593–616).

Domination

Deira was inhabited by Angles since the middle of the 5th century, but the historical tradition begins with Æll. After the death of King Ida of Bernicia (547–559 / 560), who may have ruled over Bernicia and Deira, Ælle became king of Deira in 560 and ruled for 30 years. Also Venerable Bede testified AELLE as king of Deira in the period before 590. This generally accepted dating of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle , however, was questioned and raised a reign of the late 560s years until after 597 as an alternative. Presumably Æall made forays into the British-populated valley of the River Wharfe . Ælle died around the year 588/590. He was succeeded by Æthelric , who is said to have killed him according to the Vita Oswaldi from the 12th century. Historians are divided on whether Ælle's successor and Æthelric of Bernicia are to be regarded as the same person.

reception

Beda Venerabilis reported a tradition according to which Pope Gregory the Great (590-604), when he heard of the hinges and King Ælle, names that he associated with "angels" and "Hallelujah", made the decision to Sending Augustine to England as a missionary. The Christianization of Northumbria did not take place until Ælles son Edwin (616-633). Ælle also found its way into Old Norse literature . In the Gautreks saga (late 13th century), the hero Ref visits King Ælle on his journey. Geoffrey Chaucer , a 14th century poet, described Ælle's relationship with the Christian Princess Custance in The Man of Law's ( Canterbury Tales ) romance .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Simon Keynes: Kings of the Northumbrians . In: Lapidge et al. (Ed.): The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England . Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford et al. a. 2001, ISBN 978-0-631-22492-1 , pp. 502-505.
2. ↑ ^{a b} Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for the year 560
3. ^ ^{A b} John Cannon, Anne Hargreaves: The Kings and Queens of Britain , Oxford University Press, 2009 (2nd revised edition), ISBN 978-0-19-955922-0 , p. 33.
4. ^ DP Kirby: The Earliest English Kings , Routledge, 2000, ISBN 978-0-415-24211-0 , p. 57.
5. ^ Philip Holdsworth: Deira . In: Lapidge et al. (Ed.): The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England . Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford et al. a. 2001, ISBN 978-0-631-22492-1 , p. 139.
6. ↑ Nicholas J. Higham: An English Empire: Bede, the Britons, and the Early Anglo-Saxon Kings , Manchester University Press, 1995, ISBN 978-0-7190-4423-6 , p. 78.
7. ↑ ^{a b} Beda: HE 2,1
8. ↑ ^{a b c} Rosemary Cramp: Aella (paid registration required). In: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , Oxford University Press, 2004. Retrieved October 19, 2011
9. ^ Charles Arnold-Baker: The Companion to British History , Routledge, 2001, ISBN 978-0-415-18583-7 , p. 943.
10. ^ Charles Plummer ( transl .): Venerabilis Baedae Historiam Ecclesiasticam Gentis Anglorum , Gorgias Press, 2002, ISBN 1-59333-267-X , p. 93.
11. ↑ Gautrek's Saga (Icelandic)
12. ↑ Geoffrey Chaucer: The Man of Law's Tale (Middle English / New English)

swell

• Beda Venerabilis : Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum , Online in the Medieval Sourcebook (English)
• anonymous: Anglo-Saxon Chronicle Online in Project Gutenberg (English)
• The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: MS A v. 3 , Janet Bately (Ed.), Brewer, Rochester (NY) 1986, ISBN 0-85991-103-9 .
• Nennius : Historia Brittonum

literature

• DP Kirby: The Earliest English Kings , Routledge, 2000, ISBN 978-0-415-24211-0 .
• Barbara Yorke : Kings and Kingdoms of Early Anglo-Saxon England . Routledge, London-New York 2002, ISBN 978-0-415-16639-3 . PDF (6.2 MB)
• Lapidge et al. (Ed.): The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England . Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford et al. a. 2001, ISBN 978-0-631-22492-1 .

• Steven Basset (Ed.): The Origins of Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms. Leicester University Press, Leicester 1989, ISBN 0-7185-1317-7 .
• James Campbell (Ed.): The Anglo-Saxons. Phaidon, London 1982, ISBN 0-7148-2149-7 .
• Nicholas J. Higham: The Kingdom of Northumbria. AD 350-1100 . Sutton, Stroud 1993, ISBN 0-86299-730-5 .

Web links

• Ælle 2 ( Memento from December 23, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) in Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England (PASE)
• All in Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
• William Hunt :  Ælla (d.588) . In: Leslie Stephen (Ed.): Dictionary of National Biography . Volume 1:  Abbadie - Anne. , MacMillan & Co, Smith, Elder & Co., New York City / London 1885, p. 169 (English ,, (partly outdated state of research)).

predecessor	Office	successor
---	King of Deira 560-588 / 590	Æthelric