Émile Jouguet

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Jacques Charles Émile Jouguet (born January 5, 1871 in Bessèges , † April 2, 1943 in Montpellier ) was a French applied mathematician and engineer.

He was the son of the mining engineer, manager in the steel industry and mayor of Bessèges, Félix Jouguet (1831-1887). Jouguet went to school in Nîmes and studied at the École polytechnique and the École des mines in Paris, graduating in 1895. He then worked as an engineer on the railway in Bordeaux . During this time he came into contact with Pierre Duhem and turned back to an academic career. From 1898 to 1907 he was a professor at the École des Mines in Saint-Étienne . In World War I he was a lieutenant colonel in the artillery. In 1910 he became chief engineer of the railway lines in France and responsible for the development of the signaling system and the control systems. From 1910 to 1914 and from 1920 to 1939 he was a professor of mechanical engineering at the École des Mines in Paris. He was also professor of thermodynamics and mechanics at the École nationale du Génie rurale and professor of mechanics at the École polytechnique .

He is known for work on shock waves and an early theory of detonation, the Chapman-Jouguet theory, named after him and the English physico-chemist David Leonard Chapman (1869-1958) who worked on it independently. In the theory of shock waves, he worked with Duhem and with Jacques Hadamard , who was also friends with him . He also dealt with the thermodynamics of machines, for example steam turbines.

In 1921 he won the Poncelet Prize , and in 1930 he became a member of the Académie des Sciences . In 1936 he became commander of the Legion of Honor . In 1930 he was president of the Société Mathématique de France .

Fonts

  • Mécanique des fluides. Sainte-Étienne: Sociéte de l'imprimerie Théolier — J. Thomas & Cie. 1904.
  • Lectures de mécanique. La mécanique enseignée par les auteurs originaux. Première - deuxième partie. Paris: Gauthier-Villars. 1906–1909, 2nd edition 1924
  • Théories des moteurs thermiques. Paris: Octave Doin et fils. 1909.
  • Mécanique des explosifs: étude de dynamique chimique. Paris: Octave Doin et fils. 1917.
  • Notes on the theory de l'élasticité. Toulouse: E. Private. 1921
  • Cours de mécanique. Paris: École Polytechnique. 1928-1929.

literature

  • Peter Krehl: History of shock waves, explosions and impact, Springer 2009 (with biography)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jouguet "Sur la propagation des réactions chimiques dans les gaz , Journal des Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées, Series 6, Volume 1, 1905, pp. 347-425, Volume 2, 1906, pp. 5-85
  2. ↑ Chapman The rate of explosion in gases , Philosophical Magazine, Volume 47, 1899, pp. 90-104
personal data
SURNAME Jouguet, Émile
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jouguet, Jacques Charles Émile (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French applied mathematician and engineer
DATE OF BIRTH January 5, 1871
PLACE OF BIRTH Bessèges
DATE OF DEATH April 2, 1943
Place of death Montpellier