Austrian cabbage florets
| Austrian cabbage florets | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austrian cabbage rose ( Nigritella austriaca ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Nigritella nigra subsp. austriaca | ||||||||||||
| Teppner & E. Klein |
The Austrian vanilla orchid ( Nigritella nigra subsp. Austriaca Teppner & E.Klein , Syn .: Gymnadenia austriaca (Teppner & E.Klein) P.Delforge ) belongs to the genus vanilla orchid ( Nigritella ) in the family of orchids (Orchidaceae). The great popularity due to the intense vanilla smell is reflected in their many common names, e.g. B. Schwärzlein, Brändele, Brunelle, Blutrösli, Blutströpfli, Mohrenköpfli, Chocolate Flowers, Vanilla Flowers.
Systematics
From a botanical point of view, this species belongs to a species group around Nigritella nigra , whereby the Austrian cabbage rose ( Nigritella austriaca , or nigra subsp. Austriaca ) is treated here.
The nominated clan Nigritella nigra subsp. nigra occurs only in central Sweden and - Norway , N-Norway.
description
The perennial herbaceous plant reaches heights of 8 to 27 cm. The inflorescence is slightly wider than it is high when it is in full bloom. The bracts are dark red-brown to dark brown-red, slightly lighter at the base.
The flowering time is June to August (8 to 10 days before the flowering time of Nigritella nigra subsp. Rhellicani )
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 80.
Occurrence
The distribution area extends from Central Europe to the Pyrenees and also includes the Carpathian Mountains. The overall distribution has not yet been conclusively clarified due to the difficult differentiation from the common cabbage rose. In Austria this species is widespread in Styria , Carinthia , East Tyrol and Lower Austria .
Lean-lime lawns are preferred as the location.
particularities
Like all species of the Kohlröschen genus, the plant smells intensely of vanilla . It is endangered by the picking and application of artificial fertilizers. This species is tetraploid ; that is, it has four sets of chromosomes . The seed formation takes place asexually.
literature
- Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria. Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer . Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
- Teppner, H. & Klein, E. 1990: Nigritella rhellicani spec. nova and N. nigra (L.) Rchb. fsstr. (Orchidaceae-Orchideae) . - Phyton (Horn, Austria) 25 (1): 5-26.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Nigritella nigra subsp. austriaca at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Gymnadenia austriaca. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved December 1, 2016.
Web links
- Entry on Austrian Black Cabbage Rose in the Austria Forum (Austrian Flora)
- Austrian Kohlröschen Austrian Kohlröschen. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Nigritella austriaca (Teppner & E. Klein) P. Delforge In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved October 1, 2015.
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )