İsmail Gazprinski

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İsmail Gaspıralı

İsmail Gasprinski also İsmail Gaspıralı (born March 21, 1851 in the village of Avci near Bakhchysarai ; † September 24, 1914 in Bakhchysarai) was a famous Crimean Tatar intellectual, educator, publisher and politician. He was one of the first Muslim intellectuals in the Russian Empire to realize that there was a need for education, cultural reform, and modernization of the Turkish and Muslim communities. His last name is derived from the city of Gaspra in the Crimea .

biography

A Gazprinsky monument in Bakhchysarai

Gasprinski spread his ideas mainly through the Tercuman newspaper , which he founded in 1883 and which appeared until 1918. In his publications he called for unity and solidarity between the Turkish peoples and proposed their modernization through Europeanization. He criticized the traditional educational system in Muslim schools, which was heavily focused on religion, and devised a new method of teaching children to read effectively in their mother tongue, and reformed the curriculum. He developed a Pan- Turkish language, which was a simplified form of Turkish with no Arabic and Persian words. He said in 1881:

“The main reason for our backwardness is our ignorance, unfamiliarity with European bodies of knowledge. In order not to disappear from the face of the earth, we must study and research the European sciences, the European spirit, translate it into our language and introduce it into the curriculum of maktab and madrasa . "

- Based on a Russian translation by Risaitdin Fachretdinow, who quoted Gasprinski's book “The Muslims in Russia” in the magazine “Shura”. [1] , p. 10.

Gazprinski started a new magazine for women, the Alem-i Nisvan ( eng : world of women), which was edited by his daughter Şefiqa, and one for children, the Alem-i Subyan ( eng : world of children). Gazprinsky was one of the founders of the Union of Muslims ( İttifaq-i Müslimin ), which was created in 1907 and united members of the intellectuals of the various Muslim-Turkish peoples of the Russian Empire. He was one of the main organizers of the first all-Russian Muslim Congress, which aimed to carry out social and religious reforms among the Muslim people of Russia.

In 1910 he was one of the nominees for the Nobel Peace Prize .

Works and literature

  • Gazprinsky, Ismail; French and African letters; Istanbul, Isis Press, 2008
  • James H. Meyer: Turks Across Empires. Marketing Muslim Identity in the Russian-Ottoman Borderlands, 1856–1914. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2014, ISBN 978-0-19-872514-5 .

See also

Web links

Commons : Ismail Gazprinski  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Gazprinski, Ismail
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gasprinskiy, Ismail; Gaspıralı, İsmail; Gazprinskii, Ismail; Gazprinskij, Ismägyjl bäk (Tatar); Gazprinsky, Izmail-bey Mustafa; Gazprinsky, Ismail bej oglu; Gaspirali, Ismail Bey; Гаспринский, Исмаил (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Crimean Tatar intellectual, educator, publisher and politician
DATE OF BIRTH March 21, 1851
PLACE OF BIRTH at Bakhchysarai
DATE OF DEATH September 24, 1914
Place of death Bakhchysarai