Esh
Esh ( Majuskel : Σ , minuscule : ʃ ; pronounced [ɛʃ]; Unicode U + 01A9, U + 0283) is a character that in connection with the Latin writing system is used. It was introduced by Isaac Pitman in his Phonotypic Alphabet from 1847 to represent the voiceless postalveolar fricative (German sch ) and is used today in the International Phonetic Alphabet as well as in the alphabets of some African languages .
The Latin small letter Esh (ʃ) is similar to an italic long S ( ſ ) or an integral sign (∫), the Latin capital letter Esh (Ʃ) is based on the Greek letter Sigma (Σ).
Presentation on the computer
With LaTeX the Esch can be represented in two ways:
- As a phonetic character using the TIPA fonts with the command
\textesh(lowercase only).
- For African languages using the fc scripts . The corresponding commands are
\m Sfor the large and\m sfor the small esch. The capital esch in the fc scripts is, as is common in Africa, integral.
In modern Unicode- enabled LaTeX implementations such as XeLaTeX or LuaLaTeX , it is also possible to use the above-mentioned Unicode characters directly, provided the font supports them.
See also
literature
- Kelly, John. (1981). The 1847 alphabet: An episode of phonotypy. In RE Asher & EJA Henderson (Eds.), Towards a history of phonetics . Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.