122 mm cannon M1931 (A-19)

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122 mm cannon M1931 (A-19)

The 122 mm gun M1931 (A-19) Russian (122-мм пушка обр. 1931 г. (А-19)) was a Soviet heavy field gun with a caliber of 121.92 mm, which during the Second World War was used . It was designed in 1931, the responsible chief designers were FF Lender and SP Schukalow. The gun was the first modern cannon developed in the USSR after the Civil War . It had good specs for its time, but also some weaknesses and disadvantages. Later the 122-mm cannon M1931 (A-19) was improved under FF Petrow's direction and designated as the 122-mm cannon M1931 / 37 (A-19) . A total of about 500 copies were made. 122-mm cannon M1931 was a Red Army designation , and A-19 was another equivalent designation from the developer, Orudijno-Arsenalny Trest .

Technical specifications

122 mm cannon M1931
General properties
classification originally heavy corps cannon, later heavy army cannon
Chief designer Franz Franzewitsch Lender
Name of the developer A-19 (Russian А-19)
developer Orudijno-Arsenalny Trest (gun and arsenal trust, Russian Орудийно-арсенальный трест)
Manufacturer Sawod "Barrikady" (Russian Завод "Баррикады")
length 8900 mm
width 2345 mm
height 1990 mm
Weight in firing position 7100 kg
Weight in driving position 7800 kg
team 9 men (gun leader, two gunner, six loaders and ammunition shooters)
Years of construction 1931-1939
number of pieces about 500 (2926 with the 122-mm cannon M1931 / 37 (A-19) )
pipe
caliber 121.92 mm
Pipe length 5650 mm (L / 46.3)
Tube length (drawn barrel) 5485 mm (L / 36)
Height of the line of fire 1437 mm
Fire dates
Elevation range −2 ° to + 45 °
Side straightening area 56 °
Maximum range 19,800 m
fire rate 3-4 rounds / min
agility
Ground clearance 335 mm
Top speed in vehicle tow 17 km / h

Others

Like many others, the M 1931 and its ammunition were captured in large numbers by the Wehrmacht during the German attack on the Soviet Union . On the German side it was put into service under the designation 12.2 cm cannon 390/1 (r) or 390/2 (r) (r for Russian). In the latter version, the tube of the M 1931 was inserted into the mount of the M 1937 . The gun was used in particular on the Atlantic Wall , but also in divisions on the Eastern Front.

literature

  • А.Б. Широкорад: Энциклопедия отечественной артиллерии. (AB Shirokorad: Encyclopedia of Russian Artillery. ) Harvest, Minsk 2000, ISBN 985-433-703-0 (Russian).
  • Terry Gander, Peter Chamberlain: Encyclopedia of German Weapons 1939-1945. 2nd edition, special edition, Motorbuchverlag, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-613-02481-0 .

Web links

Commons : 122 mm M1931 (A-19) cannon  - album containing pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ AB Shirokorad : Encyclopedia of the Russian Artillery.