122 mm cannon M1931 (A-19)
The 122 mm gun M1931 (A-19) Russian (122-мм пушка обр. 1931 г. (А-19)) was a Soviet heavy field gun with a caliber of 121.92 mm, which during the Second World War was used . It was designed in 1931, the responsible chief designers were FF Lender and SP Schukalow. The gun was the first modern cannon developed in the USSR after the Civil War . It had good specs for its time, but also some weaknesses and disadvantages. Later the 122-mm cannon M1931 (A-19) was improved under FF Petrow's direction and designated as the 122-mm cannon M1931 / 37 (A-19) . A total of about 500 copies were made. 122-mm cannon M1931 was a Red Army designation , and A-19 was another equivalent designation from the developer, Orudijno-Arsenalny Trest .
Technical specifications
122 mm cannon M1931 | |
General properties | |
classification | originally heavy corps cannon, later heavy army cannon |
Chief designer | Franz Franzewitsch Lender |
Name of the developer | A-19 (Russian А-19) |
developer | Orudijno-Arsenalny Trest (gun and arsenal trust, Russian Орудийно-арсенальный трест) |
Manufacturer | Sawod "Barrikady" (Russian Завод "Баррикады") |
length | 8900 mm |
width | 2345 mm |
height | 1990 mm |
Weight in firing position | 7100 kg |
Weight in driving position | 7800 kg |
team | 9 men (gun leader, two gunner, six loaders and ammunition shooters) |
Years of construction | 1931-1939 |
number of pieces | about 500 (2926 with the 122-mm cannon M1931 / 37 (A-19) ) |
pipe | |
caliber | 121.92 mm |
Pipe length | 5650 mm (L / 46.3) |
Tube length (drawn barrel) | 5485 mm (L / 36) |
Height of the line of fire | 1437 mm |
Fire dates | |
Elevation range | −2 ° to + 45 ° |
Side straightening area | 56 ° |
Maximum range | 19,800 m |
fire rate | 3-4 rounds / min |
agility | |
Ground clearance | 335 mm |
Top speed in vehicle tow | 17 km / h |
Others
Like many others, the M 1931 and its ammunition were captured in large numbers by the Wehrmacht during the German attack on the Soviet Union . On the German side it was put into service under the designation 12.2 cm cannon 390/1 (r) or 390/2 (r) (r for Russian). In the latter version, the tube of the M 1931 was inserted into the mount of the M 1937 . The gun was used in particular on the Atlantic Wall , but also in divisions on the Eastern Front.
literature
- А.Б. Широкорад: Энциклопедия отечественной артиллерии. (AB Shirokorad: Encyclopedia of Russian Artillery. ) Harvest, Minsk 2000, ISBN 985-433-703-0 (Russian).
- Terry Gander, Peter Chamberlain: Encyclopedia of German Weapons 1939-1945. 2nd edition, special edition, Motorbuchverlag, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-613-02481-0 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ AB Shirokorad : Encyclopedia of the Russian Artillery.