Abdullah Goran

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Abdullah Goran , with full name ʿAbd-allāh Solaymān Gorān , (* 1904 in Halabja , Iraq ; † November 18, 1962 ) was a Kurdish poet.

He undoubtedly brought about a change in Kurdish poetry and is also called the father of modern Kurdish literature. At the time, Kurdish poetry had for centuries amassed foreign heritage, particularly from Arabic. Goran cleared the poetry of this influence and gave it form, rhythm, language and content, which were based on the Kurdish reality, culture, nature and folklore. The Arabic meter Urûz , which was often used in Muslim poetry in the Orient, was exchanged for the meter of the old Kurdish folk songs. The Arabic and other foreign words have been removed from the vocabulary.

Life

Abdullah Goran was born in Halabja in 1904. He later studied in Kirkuk . When his father and older brother died, he left school and worked as a teacher in the Hawraman region in northeastern Iraq for several years . When the Allies set up a radio station in Jaffa during the Second World War , Goran worked there. Goran was an active member of the Iraqi Communist Party and was arrested and tortured several times during the Iraqi monarchy . Until 1954 he was editor of the magazine Jîn (life). In early 1959, he became editor-in-chief of Shafaq (Dawn) magazine , which was later renamed Bayan . In the fall of 1960 he was appointed lecturer at the Institute for Kurdish Language and Literature at the University of Baghdad . As a member of the Iraqi Committee for Peace and Solidarity , he often traveled to the Soviet Union . He developed cancer and died on November 18, 1962 in Kurdistan .

Works

The dominant themes in Goran's poetry are his ideal of freedom and his love for Kurdistan, women and nature. His way of presenting these topics is unique in Kurdish literature. This, and other aspects of poetry, shows Goran's familiarity with the modernist currents in Europe.

Goran went through three phases in his literary career. This is evident in both the content and the form of his poetry. In the beginning, he went through a classic period when he followed in the footsteps of his predecessors. After that he went through a romantic period in which women and nature were his main themes. He began to change the traditional patterns of poetry. It was characteristic that Goran saw nature in women and women in nature. This becomes clear in his poem Beauty and the Woman . In his later years, Goran switched to free verse , expressing his attachment to his people's struggle for freedom and for the struggle of the working class.

In his refined and innovative poetry, he exposed sexual discrimination against women and especially honor killings . He condemned this sharply and clearly in his poem Berde-nûsêk (A Gravestone).

In the later years of his work, however, the political content in the poems outweighed the aesthetic aspects.

From the beginning of 1930 until his death, Goran published most of his poems, articles and translations in Kurdish magazines and newspapers. During his lifetime, two anthologies named Behest u yādgār and Fir-mēsk u hunar were published in 1950 .

bibliography

  • Behest u yādgār (Paradise and Memory), 1950
  • Fir-mēsk u huner (Tears and Art), 1950
  • Divan-e Gorān, Baghdad 1980

See also

swell

personal data
SURNAME Goran, Abdullah
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gorān, ʿAbd-allāh Solaymān
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Kurdish poet
DATE OF BIRTH 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Halabja , Iraq
DATE OF DEATH November 18, 1962