Exhaust filter

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Exhaust filter is the generic term for various systems that exhaust gases from motor vehicles , factory chimneys , power stations and waste incinerators and other issuers filter . Toxic chemical compounds should be completely absorbed and harmful ones reduced to a tolerable level within clearly defined standards .

Various filter devices are used in industrial plants, depending on the form of toxic or harmful substances. The particles that are nevertheless released into the air are eliminated using exhaust gas cleaning processes . Flue gases are a special form of exhaust gases ; this is where the flue gas cleaning process is used.

Historical outline of the development of exhaust filters

Around 1985, vehicle catalytic converters were introduced in vehicles with gasoline engines in some European countries . Catalysts are not filters in the narrower sense, but convert substances such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide into less harmful or harmless compounds such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide . These are emitted with the exhaust gas .

When diesel engine in 2006 were particulate filter introduced to the soot particles that during the combustion of fuel to filter arise from the exhaust. In Europe, environmental zones have been set up in some regions .

Limit values

For several years now, trucks in the European Union (EU) have had to meet the Euro emissions standard, which limits certain emissions. Currently, the Euro 4 emissions standard is the most generous standard that has just been approved in the EU and the new Euro 6 emissions standard is the strictest (as of March 2011). In the EU, trucks that are supposed to meet the Euro 6 emissions standard are tested using the PEMS procedure . Cars and light commercial vehicles will also be tested with this procedure from January 2016 . Optionally approved in the EU for light trucks, but still little known, is the "remote sensing" method, which has been used in the USA for 20 years, measuring by means of infrared and ultraviolet light rays when vehicles drive by.

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ In the future, car manufacturers must have pollutant emissions measured under real conditions. Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety , May 19, 2015, accessed on October 13, 2015 (press release No. 112/15).
  2. ↑ Questions and answers on emission limit values ​​for air pollutants. European Commission , September 25, 2015, accessed October 13, 2015 .
  3. ↑ No more pardons for stinkers: Real Driving Emissions. In: The world . May 20, 2015, accessed October 13, 2015 .
  4. ↑ Directive 2014/47 / EU , Annex II 3, Sections 8.2.1.2. and 8.2.2.2.5 at the end: "Alternatively, remote flue gas measurement with results saved using standard test methods."
  5. ↑ Opus Inspection: Remote Sensing Technology (manufacturer)