Agricultural land
The usable agricultural area (UAA or UAA) is the total of all arable land , meadows and pastures of a farm or country. In an agricultural enterprise, the buildings, the traffic areas and the agricultural area form the soil as a production factor of the enterprise.
In German statistics, especially for production indicators such as yields , the agriculturally used area (UAA) is often used instead of the agricultural area , which does not include the areas permanently removed from agricultural production, farm buildings, short rotation plantations, buildings and farm areas. In this respect, comparisons with other countries - especially outside of Europe - are not easily possible.
division
The state administrative offices in Germany designate the LN as "agricultural area" and assign the code number 6000 for it. The LN is divided into:
| No. | designation |
|---|---|
| 6100 | Farmland |
| 6105 | Hops planting |
| 6200 | Grassland |
| 6205 | Beach grass, grass |
| 6206 | reed |
| 6300 | Garden land |
| 6304 | Fruit tree plant |
| 6400 | Vineyard |
| 6500 | moor |
| 6600 | pagan |
| 6700 | Mixed use |
| 6800 | Operating area |
| 6801 | Courtyard |
| 6900 | Wasteland |
Situation in Germany
The proportion of agricultural land in Germany and its change can be observed with the Monitor of Settlement and Open Space Development (IOER Monitor) . The agriculturally used area is irregularly distributed over the federal territory. While high values are achieved in agrarian, poorly forested regions, for example in northeast Germany and large parts of Lower Saxony, Thuringia, Saxony, Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria, cities almost always have a significantly lower proportion of agricultural area than the surrounding districts, as expected. Particularly low values occur, for example, in large cities such as Berlin and Munich as well as in agglomeration areas such as the Ruhr area. Even small towns with densely wooded areas such as Suhl or Kaiserslautern and Niederlausitz, the Sauerland, the Black Forest, the Bavarian Forest and, in some cases, the Alpine region have little agricultural land. This can be explained on the one hand by the low fertility of the nutrient-poor soils, which, for example, is often not sufficient for arable farming in Lower Lusatia, but on the other hand, as in the Black Forest or the Bavarian Forest, with a predominance of forest management. In addition to soil fertility, climatic influences, such as drought, also play a role, which are becoming increasingly acute with climate change.
The changes in precipitation can not only be felt worldwide, but also in Germany. A decrease in summer precipitation, high evaporation due to strong solar radiation and increasing erosion due to heavy precipitation lead to a decreasing yield security. In 2015, around 280,000 farms in Germany worked on the usable agricultural area. The number of establishments has decreased by more than 40,000 since 2007. While the number of farms with an agricultural area of over 100 hectares is steadily increasing, the number of farms in the size classes below 100 hectares of UAA continues to decrease. More than half of the agricultural area is currently cultivated by farms with a farm size class of over 100 hectares.
In general, however, there is a decrease in the agriculturally used area in Germany. This is due to the fact that more and more agricultural areas are being converted into settlement and traffic areas. The equivalent of 1.3 average farms or 73 hectares are lost to farmers every day. The reallocation of agriculturally used land to building land is colloquially referred to in Germany as the “ fifth crop rotation ”. But not only the enlargement of cities and settlements, but also the increasing use of agricultural land as locations for energy generation, renewable energies and afforestation as compensation areas for interventions in nature and landscape are contributing to the transformation.
In Bavaria
In 2016 Bavaria’s farms were cultivating 3,125,366 hectares of agricultural land. Of this, 2,048,124 hectares are arable land. A good third of the agricultural area is made up of 1,063,313 hectares of permanent grassland.
With around 9,900 organic farms and an organically farmed area of almost 345,000 hectares, Bavaria takes the top position nationwide. "That corresponds to 11.0% of the total agricultural area.
According to the state government, production is to be doubled by 2020. The popular initiative "Biodiversity & Natural Beauty in Bavaria" calls for an increase in the areas cultivated for organic farming by at least 20% by 2025 and at least 30% by 2030. State areas are to be ecologically cultivated as early as 2020.
Situation in Austria
In Austria the area used for agriculture has decreased by 200,000 hectares since 1990. The number of companies decreased sharply. In 1990 there were 281,910 farms in Austria, in 2013 there were 166,317.
The total land consumption in Austria is estimated at 15 to 25 hectares per day. The strongest increases in building space can be seen in the federal states of Tyrol and Vorarlberg. From a regional perspective, the increase in building space is greatest in the suburbs of the major cities and in the Inn and Rhine valleys. In an international comparison, Austria and Germany are on par in terms of land consumption.
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Statistical yearbook on nutrition, agriculture and forestry. Abbreviations. (No longer available online.) In: "bmel-statistik.de, statistics and reports of the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture". Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture , 2011, archived from the original on June 7, 2017 ; Retrieved July 25, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Agriculture - Explanations. State Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg , archived from the original on July 28, 2014 ; accessed on September 2, 2019 .
- ^ [1] State Office for the Environment, Agriculture and Geology. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
- ↑ [2] Federal Environment Agency. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
- ^ [3] Association of Chambers of Agriculture . Retrieved October 4, 2016.
- ^ [4] German Farmers' Association . Retrieved October 4, 2016.
- ^ [5] German Farmers' Association. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
- ^ [6] German Farmers' Association. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
- ↑ [7] Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
- ^ [8] German Farmers' Association. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
- ↑ [9]
- ↑ Bavarian State Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Forestry: Organic Farming (2017)
- ↑ Bavarian State Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Forestry: Twice as much organic from the region by 2020
- ↑ Application for approval of the popular initiative for biodiversity and natural beauty in Bavaria “Save the bees!” (PDF; 1.07 MB) volksbegehren-artenvielfalt.de, 2018, accessed on February 11, 2019 .
- ↑ Statistics Austria: Agricultural and forestry operations and their total area in 1990, 1995, 1999, 2005, 2010 and 2013
- ^ Federal Environment Agency Austria
