Acrospermaceae
Acrospermaceae | ||||||||||||
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Acrospermum compressum on a dead nettle stem |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name of the order | ||||||||||||
Acrospermales | ||||||||||||
Minter , Peredo & AT Watson | ||||||||||||
Scientific name of the family | ||||||||||||
Acrospermaceae | ||||||||||||
Fuckel |
The Acrospermaceae are a family of sac fungi that alone make up the order Acrospermales .
features
The Acrospermaceae have perithecia as fruiting bodies . These grow individually or in groups on the surface of a stroma or break out of it. They are often long club-shaped to conical in shape with a short stem, flattened when dry and swollen when wet. The color varies from yellowish white to brown and black when dry. The ostiolum , the opening of the perithecium, is large. The peridia has three layers in cross-section: an outer layer that forms a textura angularis (a parenchyma- like tissue) from dark brown cells ; a middle layer consisting of a pale brown tissue of elongated cells; an inner layer made up of a dense tissue of small, light brown cells. The hemathecium , the tissue between the tubes , has narrow, long pseudoparaphyses in species of the genus Acrospermum , while there are no pseudoparaphyses in the genus Oomyces . The tubes are eight-pore, bit unique , narrow cylindrical, stalked, rounded at the tip with an eye-shaped chamber. The spores are clustered, thread-like, translucent , often septate , mostly as long as the tubes and smooth-walled. In the minor crop form they are hyphomycetic . The conidia carriers are micronematic , i. H. they hardly differ from the vegetative hyphae . They are pale brown, septate, branched, or unbranched. The conidiogenic cells are holoblastic; H. they are pinched off as a whole after formation. They are sympodial with teeth, pale brown and smooth-walled. The conidia are cylindrical, long elliptical, pale yellow, one to three times septate and smooth-walled.
Way of life
The known species of the Acrospermaceae live saprobic , epiphytic or symbiotic on herbaceous plants.
Systematics and taxonomy
The Acrospermaceae were described as a family by Leopold Fuckel as early as 1870 with the type species Acrospermum compressum , the order with the only family Acrospermaceae, however, not until 2007 by David William Minter , HL Peredo & Anna T. Watson . The type genus is Acrospermum .
At the moment (as of May 2018) only the following three genera belong to the family:
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b DW Minter, HL Peredo and Anna T. Watson: Acrospermum chilense sp. nov. from Chile and the Acrospermales ord. nov. In: Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. Band 42 , 2007, ISSN 1851-2372 , pp. 107-112 ( org.ar ).
- ↑ a b c Kevin D. Hyde, EB Gareth Jones, Jian-Kui Liu, Hiran Ariyawansa, Eric Boehm, Saranyaphat Boonmee, Uwe Braun, Putarak Chomnunti, Pedro W. Crous, Dong-Qin Dai Paul Diederich Asha Dissanayake Mingkhuan Doilom, Francesco Doveri, Singang Hongsanan, Ruvishika Jayawardena, James D. Lawrey, Yan-Mei Li, Yong-Xiang Liu, Robert Lücking, Jutamart Monkai, Lucia Muggia, Matthew P. Nelsen, Ka-Lai Pang, Rungtiwa Phookamsak, Indunil C. Senanayake, Carol A. Shearer, Satinee Suetrong, Kazuaki Tanaka, Kasun M. Thambugala, Nalin N.Wijayawardene, Saowanee Wikee, Hai-Xia Wu, Ying Zhang, Begoña Aguirre-Hudson, S. Aisyah Alias, André Aptroot, AliH. Bahkali, Jose L. Bezerra, D. Jayarama Bhat, Erio Camporesi, Ekachai Chukeatirote, Cécile Gueidan, David L. Hawksworth, Kazuyuki Hirayama, Sybren De Hoog, Ji-Chuan Kang, Kerry Knudsen & Wen-Jing Li & Xing-Hong Li & Zou-Yi Liu & Ausana Mapook, Eric HC McKenzie, Andrew N. Miller, Peter E. Mortimer, Alan JL Phillips, Huzefa A. Raja, Christian Scheuer, Felix Schumm, Joanne E. Taylor, Qing Tian, Saowaluck Tibpromma, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe, Yong Wang, Jian-Chu Xu, Supalak Yacharoen, Ji-Ye Yan, Min Zhang: Families of Dothideomycetes . In: Fungal Diversity . tape 63 , 2013, p. 1-313 , doi : 10.1007 / s13225-013-0263-4 .
- ↑ a b Acrospermaceae . In: MycoBank . Mycobank, accessed May 10, 2018 .
- ↑ Nalin N. Wijayawardene, Kevin D. Hyde, H. Thorsten Lumbsch, Jian Kui Liu, Sajeewa SN Maharachchikumbura, Anusha H. Ekanayaka, Qing Tian, Rungtiwa Phookamsak: Outline of Ascomycota: 2017 . In: Fungal Diversity . tape 88 , 2018, p. 167-263 , doi : 10.1007 / s13225-018-0394-8 .