Adelphobates castaneoticus

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Adelphobates castaneoticus
Adelphobates castaneoticus.jpg

Adelphobates castaneoticus

Systematics
Subordination : Neobatrachia
Superfamily : Dendrobatoidea
Family : Poison Dart Frogs (Dendrobatidae)
Subfamily : Dendrobatinae
Genre : Adelphobates
Type : Adelphobates castaneoticus
Scientific name
Adelphobates castaneoticus
( Caldwell & Myers , 1990)

Adelphobates castaneoticus , also classified as Dendrobates castaneoticus according to alternative taxonomy, is a frog through the family of the poison dart frog (Dendrobatidae).

features

Adelphobates castaneoticus is one of the smallest poison dart frogs and has a total length of about 18 to 23 mm. The females are usually larger than the males, but do not differ from them in terms of coloration. The basic color of the animal is a glossy black with white or yellow spots and speckles, which in some individuals can change into light lines. The coloration varies relatively little within the distribution area. The attachment points of the front legs as well as the rear legs above and below the knees show large, orange-colored spots, which may serve to confuse potential predators. The hind leg spots merge into a single large spot when at rest. Below the throat, the animals have another orange spot that is only visible in the ventral view.

distribution

The species is in a relatively large area of the Brazilian state of Pará spread

The range of Adelphobates castaneoticus is limited to one region in Brazil . It has so far been found in the state of Pará in lowland forests near Cachoeira Juruá on the Rio Xingu ( Terra typica ), in Taperinha and in Flona Tapajos and Santarem . Due to the great distance between these areas and despite the small scientific collections of the frogs, it is assumed that it has a relatively wide distribution area.

Way of life

Adelphobates castaneoticus is diurnal and can be found mainly in the leaves of the substrate or at low altitudes. It is only very rarely found in higher trees. It is an insect eater and feeds mainly on ants , termites and other small insects.

During the mating season, the males call for the females, they cannot call out. The females lay an average of 2 to 6 eggs per clutch, maximum sizes of up to 12 eggs are documented. After the tadpoles hatch , the mother transports them individually into small pools of water, for example in tree hollows ( Phytotelmata ) or nutshells, where they feed on insect larvae, other tadpoles and plant material. They and the young frogs grow very quickly and reach sexual maturity at 5 to 7 months.

Systematics

Adelphobates castaneoticus was originally described as a species of the genus Dendrobates and is now the type species of the genus Adelphobates . The closely related A. quinquevittatus is the sister species. A. galactonotus is also classified in this genus .

The genus Adelphobates was created in 2006 by Grant et al. Introduced as part of a comprehensive revision of the poison dart frogs. All Adelphobates species previously belonged to the genus Dendrobates and were accordingly separated out as a separate taxon and compared to this as sister taxon .

Danger

Adelphobates castaneoticus is classified as Least Concern in the IUCN Red List because of its relatively wide distribution area and the assumed large population .

etymology

Adelphobates castaneoticus is known as Brazil-nut Poison Frog in English-speaking countries . This name is derived from the epithet castaneoticus ( Latin : castanea = "chestnut" and - (t) icus = "belonging"). This refers to the Brazil nut or Brazil nut ( Bertholletia excelsa ), which is known in Brazil under the common name "Castanha do Pará". The frog was named after this species because the larvae can often be found in the open pods of these nuts.

supporting documents

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ T. Grant, DR Frost, JP Caldwell, R. Gagliardo, CFB Haddad, PJR Kok, DB Means, BP Noonan, WE Schargel, WC Wheeler: Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia, Athesphatanura, Dendrobatidae) . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 299, 2006.
  2. ↑ Dendrobates castaneoticus in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2007. Posted by: Rodrigues, MT & Azevedo-Ramos, C., 2004. Retrieved on June 28 of 2008.

literature

  • JP Caldwell, CW Myers: A new poison frog from Amazonian Brazil, with further XX revision of the quinquevittatus Group of Dendrobates. American Museum Novitates 2988, 1990; Pages 1–21. Full text (PDF; 5.3 MB)

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