Adolfshütte

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Adolfshütte , in Upper Sorbian Adolfowa hěta , is the name of a former mining company and the associated factory settlement in the Saxon Upper Lusatia near Crosta . The place is known nationally for the local recreation center Blaue Adria , which was built after the Second World War on a water-filled residual mine of a kaolin open-cast mine.

history

Upper Lusatia north of Bautzen has very rich deposits of lignite , clay and kaolin , which gave rise to lively mining as early as the middle of the 19th century. The rule Milkel founded in 1831 near the village Crosta the "Counts Einsiedelsche kaolin, argillaceous and coal works AG Crosta." Initially, the company primarily promoted clay, which was processed into chamotte on site. The lignite that was also found in the mine field was used as fuel. The factory settlement belonging to the company was named after Count Clemens Adolf von Einsiedel as "Adolfshütte".

The Adolfshütte was far away from the railway lines built until the end of the 19th century. The secondary line Bautzen – Hoyerswerda , which went into operation in November 1890 , also ran further west, so that the cumbersome horse-drawn transport to the next train station remained. In order to remedy the transport problem, the Adolfshütte had a narrow-gauge connecting railway built in 1891 and 1892 . The seven-kilometer route began at the Quoos stop on the Bautzen – Hoyerswerda railway line and headed eastwards to the factory site near Crosta.

From 1891 onwards, rich kaolin deposits were explored, which were mined as raw material for paper production from 1893 onwards. The lignite required for the production process, on the other hand, had to be extracted expensively in civil engineering from 1893, since the deposits near the surface were now exhausted. From 1893 the company was officially called Adolfshütte AG.

In 1906 the plant received a direct standard-gauge siding from the newly opened Löbau – Radibor railway line . The narrow-gauge Quoos industrial railway could now be abandoned, a track network only remained for internal purposes.

Kaolin production finally came to a standstill in 1927 after supplies were exhausted. Clay and fireclay production continued until the factory was closed in 1930. After that, the factory facilities were demolished.

After production was stopped, the former kaolin pits filled with groundwater, which took on a peculiar blue-green color. Because of the danger of slope slides, use as bathing water was initially prohibited. Italian prisoners of war finally coined the name “Blue Adriatic ” for the body of water that could officially be used for bathing after the Second World War. The municipality of Crosta later built a recreational center with a campsite on the shores of the 4.8 hectare lake .

See also

literature

Web links

  • Adolfshütte in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony

Coordinates: 51 ° 16 '  N , 14 ° 27'  E