Einsiedel (noble family)

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Coat of arms of those of Einsiedel
Alliance coat of arms at Syhra Castle

Einsiedel is the name of Meissen Uradelsgeschlechts that with de Guntherus one Edelen 1299 as Burgmann of Schapa ( Zschopau is mentioned) was first documented. In the Middle Ages and in later times, the family acquired numerous Saxon castles and palaces as own or fiefdoms and exists in various lines and branches to this day.

The Wolkenburg line was raised to the rank of imperial count in 1745.

history

As far as we know, the family's origins lie in the Benedictine monastery in Einsiedeln in today's Swiss canton of Schwyz . It is believed that around 1290 the ancestor of the family "moved to the Pleißenland with King Rudolf von Habsburg as Knight of Einsiedel - coming from the monastery protection team" . This, on the castle Zschopau the Lords of Erdmannsdorf arming service as Burgmann payable de Guntherus one Edelen is 1299 as Burgmann of Schapa ( Zschopau ) and witness in a charter of the Knights of Erdmannsdorf for Klosterbuch in Leisnig first mentioned in documents. However, he kept his original name and did not name himself after his new official seat in the central Ore Mountains .

In 1307 a Petrus de Einsedeln appears again in a document issued by the Lords of Erdmannsdorf in Zschopau, while in 1341 a Puncelinus dictus Eynsedeln appears in a document in a field dispute in Lohma near Altenburg . The contemporary spelling of the family name changed between Einseideln , Einsedeln , Einsidlin , Einsedeln , Eynsydeln , Eynsydl , Ainsidel , Eynsedil , Einsidel and today's spelling Einsiedel .

The direct line of tribe begins with the knight Heinrich von Eynsydeln , mentioned in a document 1363-1403, landlord on Ehrenberg and Prießnitz and Vogt zu Rizemburg ( giant castle ). In 1439 the Lords of Einsiedel in the Ore Mountains are named as owners of villages, namely von Reichenhain , Kemtau , Einsiedel and Erfenschlag . In 1455, the area around Gnandstein , Kohren and Sahlis as well as the village of Dittersdorf were already in the feudal possession of the Lords of Einsiedel.

Four sons of the electoral Saxon privy councilor Heinrich Hildebrand von Einsiedel (1497–1557) on Gnandstein, Wolftitz, Syhra and Prießnitz were the progenitors of the four lines to Sahlis, Scharfenstein, Gnandstein and Syhra.

A distinction is made between the following lines or "houses":

Kohren-Sahlis at Kohren Castle and Sahlis Castle
From the 15th century until 1602. Extinct at the end of the 18th century.
Scharfenstein
The Scharfenstein rule came into family ownership through purchase in 1492 and remained so until 1931. Haubold von Einsiedel (1521–1592), who was Chancellor at the Electoral Saxon court in Dresden , took over this rule and became the ancestor of this line in the Saxon Ore Mountains, which in 1652 entered the both branches of Wolkenburg and Scharfenstein was divided. The Scharfenstein branch was again divided into the Scharfenstein, Lumpzig and Weißbach- Dittersdorf branches in 1680 . Entry in the royal Saxon register of nobility on November 28, 1913 for the landowner Heinrich von Einsiedel , Lord of Scharfenstein and Grünau.
Gnandstein
In the possession of the Einsiedel since the end of the 14th century. The first known feudal letter about Gnandstein dates to May 8, 1455. The castle and estate remained in the family's possession until 1945. Entry in the royal Saxon nobility book on June 27, 1911 for Elise von Einsiedel , née Freiin Hiller von Gaertringen , widow of the ducal Saxon-Altenburg chamberlain and royal Württemberg lieutenant colonel Ernst von Einsiedel , lord of the Gnandstein castle .
Syhra
Family owned from 1460 to 1945. Entry in the royal Saxon nobility book on September 26, 1908 for Kathinka von Einsiedel , née Tolberg , widow of the landowner Reinhard von Einsiedel , master of Syhra and Groß and Klein-Zössen , on April 8, 1913 for the landowner and royal Saxon major Konrad von Einsiedel , Lord of Hopfgarten and Syhra, and on November 28, 1913 for Ida von Einsiedel , née Nitzschke , widow of the estate owner Max von Einsiedel , Lord of Hopfgarten.
Priessnitz
From 1380 to 1919 owned by Einsiedel. Entry in the royal Saxon nobility book on September 26, 1908 for Hugo von Einsiedel , senior teacher in Glauchau , on June 29, 1911 for the royal Saxon major Haubold von Einsiedel in Dresden , on November 28, 1913 for the general practitioner Gotthard von Einsiedel in Dresden and on June 14, 1918 for Assessor and Syndic Carl von Einsiedel .
Wolftitz
Family owned from 1419 to 1945, from approx. 1455 also the Hopfgarten manor . Entry in the royal Saxon nobility book on September 26, 1908 for the ducal Saxon-Altenburg chamberlain and royal Saxon cavalier Horst von Einsiedel , landlord on Gosen.
Wolkenburg
Family owned from 1627 to 1945. Elevation to the rank of imperial count by Elector Friedrich August II of Saxony as imperial vicar on September 9, 1745 in Dresden for the royal Polish and electoral Saxon court marshal Johann George von Einsiedel .

The Einsiedel also owned:

The family owned the following estates for extended periods of time:

Some of the traditional goods remained in the possession of various lines of the family until they were expropriated without compensation in the Soviet occupation zone in 1945. The von Einsiedel family recently bought back the castles in Wolftitz and Syhra along with a forest property.

coat of arms

The tribe coat of arms shows in gold a white-bearded, barefoot hermit in a blue robe and a blue cap with a silver top, who in his right hand holds the paternoster of red corals and a steel-colored ax with a brown handle, in the left a steel-colored, two-pronged hoe on the brown handle Shoulder carries. On the helmet with blue and silver blankets the hermit.

  • Coat of arms of the Einsiedel family from Siebmacher's coat of arms book from 1605

  • Coat of arms of those of Einsiedel zu Gnandstein in a 16th century book of arms

Significant namesake

literature

Web links

Commons : Einsiedel family  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Helga Reich, Birgit Richter: Property history as well as archival formation in the von Einsiedel family and the records in the Leipzig State Archives . In: The von Einsiedel family. Status, tasks and perspectives of nobility research in Saxony. Saxon State Archives 2007, p. 53.
  2. ↑ Karlheinz Hengst : When and why did the name Einsiedel come about south of Chemnitz? In: Erzgebirgische Heimatblätter , 2016, no. 2, pp. 22-25. Original of the document in the Altenburg government archive, document I, 71
  3. ↑ Ibid.
  4. ↑ Probably Ehrenberg Castle (Altenburg) and not the (from 1697 Einsiedeln'sche) Ehrenberg Castle (Waldheim)
  5. ^ Britta Günther: possessions of the Lords of Einsiedel in the Middle Ore Mountains . In: Erzgebirgische Heimatblätter , 2016, no. 2, p. 22.
  6. ^ Britta Günther: possessions of the Lords of Einsiedel in the Middle Ore Mountains . In: Erzgebirgische Heimatblätter , 2016, no. 2, p. 23.
  7. ^ Britta Günther: possessions of the Lords of Einsiedel in the Middle Ore Mountains . In: Erzgebirgische Heimatblätter , 2016, no. 2, p. 23.