Arnstein Castle
| Arnstein Castle | ||
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 Arnstein Castle; Hanstein Castle in the background on the left |
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| Alternative name (s): | Arnstein Castle | |
| Creation time : | around 1149 | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle, castle | |
| Conservation status: | Preserved or substantial parts preserved, private property | |
| Standing position : | Nobles | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 21 '36.1 " N , 9 ° 54' 27.2" E | |
| Height: | 263 m above sea level NHN | |
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Arnstein Castle is a mansion in the Eichenberg district of the Neu-Eichenberg municipality in the Werra-Meißner district of North Hesse that emerged from an originally late Gothic castle .
Geographical location
The castle is 1.3 km south-southeast of the district Eichenberg village and 2 km south-southwest of the district Eichenberg station (on a narrow ridge 263 meters above sea level. NHN ) located southeast above the coming of Eichenberg Werra -Zuflusses Karlsbach rises; southwest of the partly wooded ridge, a brook flows into the Karlsbach from the southeast.
A common section of federal highways 80 and 27 , the Halle - Hann.Münden railway and the Werra valley line of the Hannöverschen Südbahn ( Kassel - Hann.Münden - Eichenberg - Göttingen ) run northwest below the ridge . The Göttingen – Bebra railway passes to the south-east below .
history
The original castle complex probably dates from the 12th century and was probably built as a border castle against Braunschweig and against the Eichsfeld in Mainz . Arnstein was probably one of the "eight permanent places" mentioned by the chronicler Johannes Rothe on the lower Werra, which the Wettin Landgrave of Thuringia, Heinrich the Illustrious , in the contract with Sophie von Brabant in 1264, with the Thuringian-Hessian War of Succession (1247–1264) ended, assigned to her son, Landgrave Heinrich I of Hesse , in return for his waiver of further inheritance claims in Thuringia .
The castle was then pledged several times. In 1337, for example, the Lords of Rusteberg are mentioned as pledge owners. However, they operated from the Arnstein as robber barons and thereby brought the Archbishop of Mainz, Heinrich III. von Virneburg and the Landgraves of Hesse opposed themselves. These two joined forces in 1342 to punish the Rusteberger. The Rustebergers were driven out of the Arnstein, and the Lords of Berlepsch took their place . A document from 1366 attests that the Hessian Landgrave gave preferential loan of pledge money to von Berlepsch in order to erect further buildings on the Arnstein. A document from 1371 mentions Arnold and Hans von Berlepsch, Odomar von Bodenhausen and his wife Mechthild von Rusteberg, as well as the brothers Thilo and Heinrich von Rusteberg as pledges of Arnstein Castle . The castle was destroyed in 1396 but rebuilt. From 1434 it was the Landgrave-Hessian fiefdom of the Lords of Bodenhausen , who succeeded the male Rusterbergers, who died out in the thirties of the 15th century through marriage and inheritance, and who owned the property until their bankruptcy in 1938.
Around 1600 the castle was demolished and the three-story, castle-like mansion was built. In 1623, during the Thirty Years' War , it was devastated by Tilly's troops. By 1750 the mansion was already very dilapidated. It was completely destroyed in 1760, during the Seven Years' War , by the French occupation and Prussian artillery .
Today's plant
When the heavily dilapidated building was rebuilt at the beginning of the 19th century, the mighty late medieval structure became a two-storey castle with a mansard roof , to which a terrace garden was added around 1804 . The castle is a largely uniform, rectangular quarry stone building with corner blocks and a baroque portal.
In front of the castle to the north is a large, two-winged manor from the 19th century. On both sides of the narrow side facing the manor there is a small pavilion from the renovation phase around 1600 with a massive basement and a half-timbered upper floor with an ornamented threshold and ornamented filler wood, of which the left (western) serves as a gatehouse.
In 1981 Horst-Alexander von Einsiedel -Syhra acquired the castle, which also took over the Koldingen office. The now unkempt facility is privately owned. Viewing is not possible.
literature
- Rudolf Knappe: Medieval castles in Hessen. 800 castles, castle ruins and fortifications. 3. Edition. Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-228-6 , p. 48.
- Heinrich Reimer: Historical local lexicon for Kurhessen, publications of the Historical Commission for Hessen 14, NG Elwert, Marburg, 1974 (unchanged reprint of the 1st edition Marburg 1926), ISBN 3-7708-0510-0 (born) ISBN 3-7708- 0509-7 (brochure)
- Peer Zietz: Cultural monuments in Hessen: Werra-Meißner-Kreis III, Altkreis Witzenhausen (monument topography Federal Republic of Germany), Vieweg, Braunschweig / Wiesbaden, 1996, ISBN 3-528-06228-2 .
Web links
- Entry by Stefan Eismann zu Arnstein in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
- Eichenberg, Arnstein Castle in the wiki of the project “Renaissance castles in Hessen” at the Germanic National Museum
Individual evidence
- ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ^ Heinrich Lücke: Castles, palaces and mansions in the area of the lower Werra. Issue 2 . Published by H. Lücke, Parensen 1924, p. 92 .