Wolkenburg Castle
| Wolkenburg Castle | ||
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 Wolkenburg Castle |
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| Creation time : | around 1300 | |
| Conservation status: | Receive | |
| Standing position : | Nobles | |
| Place: | Wolkenburg | |
| Geographical location | 50 ° 54 '8.3 " N , 12 ° 40' 25.8" E | |
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The Wolkenburg Castle is a castle above the Zwickauer Mulde in the village of Wolkenburg / Mulde in the Wolkenburg-Kaufungen part of the city of Limbach-Oberfrohna in Saxony .
Geographical location
Wolkenburg Castle is located on a mountain spur in an arch of the Zwickauer Mulde river that is open to the west. The place Wolkenburg / Mulde is southwest of the castle on the other bank of the Zwickauer Mulde. The castle and park form an ensemble with the St. Mauritius Church.
history
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The castle was probably built as a castle complex at the end of the 12th century. The facility has an oval floor plan of approx. 70 × 50 m. The individual buildings are connected by a curtain wall. You enter the courtyard through a gate tower with a baroque lantern from around 1795. This is followed by low farm buildings on both sides. In the courtyard on the left is a four-storey building with baroque windows, which - under a common baroque mansard roof - is adjoined by a three-storey front building with a staircase tower from the 17th century. This tower-like building still contains Romanesque building fabric, as the double window on the slope side from around 1200 shows. Opposite these buildings is the two-storey widow's house with mansard windows, which was built in 1873 in simple neo-renaissance forms .
In the Middle Ages, the lords of the castle changed very often. In the 15th century, the von Kaufungen family was the lord of the castle. After the failed prince robbery in Altenburg on July 7, 1455, Kunz von Kauffungen , the owner of Wolkenburg and Kaufungen, was beheaded. The von Kauffungen family had to leave their rule and their estates were confiscated. In 1635 Heinrich Hildebrand von Einsiedel (1586–1651) from Scharfenstein acquired the nobility seat. The branch of the family, raised to the rank of count, lived in the castle and managed the estate until it was expropriated by the land reform in the Soviet Zone in 1945. The property became the property of the municipality of Wolkenburg. Since the incorporation of Wolkenburg into Limbach-Oberfrohna in early 2000, the castle has belonged to the city.
Between 1694 and 1700 the castle complex was converted into a castle and the castle park in front was redesigned into a Renaissance garden. Later, from 1760 to 1810, structural changes were made by Detlev Carl Graf von Einsiedel . The round, two-storey library, which was set up around 1760, is of outstanding importance for Saxony, as this was the first time a room was furnished with neo-Gothic elements. The large ballroom with stucco decorations by Oeser student Christian Unger (1746–1827) around 1790 is one of the most important examples of early Classicist spatial art in Saxony. During this time, the castle park was also redesigned in the English style . Several iron art cast sculptures from the Lauchhammer art and bell foundry , which had belonged to Count Einsiedel since 1776, were placed there. A monument to the art-loving Count Detlev Carl stands in front of the classical St. Mauritius Castle Church , while the old church on a hill to the west of the castle served as a hereditary burial.
After 1945 the castle was used for residential purposes. It has only been open to the public since 1997, and extensive renovation and restoration work has been taking place since 2000. The ballroom and library have already been restored. Since 2004 the ballroom can be used for civil weddings.
- Around Wolkenburg Castle
Gate tower
View of the New Church
Bust of Detlev Carl Graf von Einsiedel at the entrance to the castle and forecourt of the church
One of the Lauchhammer iron art cast sculptures in the former renaissance garden of the castle
The spur side of the castle with a steep drop to the Zwickauer Mulde
West view of the castle
Others
The painter Fritz von Uhde was born on May 22nd, 1848 at Wolkenburg Castle.
The International Wolkenburg Symposia on Art take place regularly at Wolkenburg Castle (Scientific organizer: Gerd-Helge Vogel ).
New Church (also: Sankt-Mauritius-Kirche)
Below the palace complex is the New Church (also: Sankt-Mauritius-Kirche ), which is one of the most important and most stylish village churches in classical style. Detlev Carl Graf von Einsiedel had it built in the ancient Greek temple style by the Dresden court architect Johann August Giesel due to the dilapidation of the old church . The foundation stone was laid on April 12, 1794, the inauguration on October 29, 1804. Christian Daniel Rauch also worked on the church . The special cast iron sculptures "Elevation of the bronze snake" (1807/10), "Resurrection of Christ" (1804/07) and the two cherubs from 1805 and 1810 come from the sculptor Johann Friedrich Gottlieb Unger, who works for the Lauchhammer art and bell foundry and the then Inspector of Mengs plaster casts in Dresden, Johann Gottlob Matthäi.
literature
- Jürgen Sorge, Thomas Böttger: Limbach-Oberfrohna and its districts - a city with many faces. Bildverlag Böttger GbR, Witzschdorf 2008, ISBN 978-3-937496-24-5 .
- Gerd-Helge Vogel : From Stein to Wolkenburg. »Mahlerische Reisen« through the Zwickau Muldenland - castles, palaces and manors in old views. Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-86732-189-1 .
- Gerd-Helge Vogel: Castle and Park Wolkenburg in German cultural and art history. In: Sächsische Heimatblätter . 62, 3, 2016, pp. 282-292.
- Helmuth Gröger: Wolkenburg Castle. In: Castles and palaces in Saxony. Heimatwerk Sachsen, 1940, pp. 78–79.
- Wolf-Dieter Röber , Steffen Winkler: Castle Wolkenburg . In: Series of publications, Issue 6, Museum and Art Collection Schloss Hinterglauchau, City of Glauchau, 1986, GDR, pp. 25-27 (History of the owners, including Lords of Wolkenburg from the family of the Reichsministerials von Colditz, Lords from Ende, von Kaufungen, von Einsiedel and building history)
- Otto Eduard Schmidt: Since when did the Lords of Einsiedel sit at the Gnandstein and Wolkenburg castles . In: Mitteilungen des Landesverein Sächsischer Heimatschutz, Vol. XVI, 1927, p. 316
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Matthias Donath: Burgen u. Castles in Saxony. M. Imhof Verlag, 2012, p. 146 f.
- ^ Website of the Ev.-Luth. Parish of Penig-Wolkenburg-Kaufungen. Retrieved January 26, 2020 .
- ↑ The “New Church” in Wolkenburg on the website of the sister parishes of Penig and Wolkenburg-Kaufungen (accessed on February 2, 2019).
- ↑ Church `St.Mauritius`Wolkenburg on the website of the city of Limbach-Oberfrohna (accessed on February 2, 2019).
- ↑ Ev. Mauritiuskirche Wolkenburg (near Chemnitz) on architektur-blicklicht.de (accessed on February 2, 2019).
- ↑ On Johann Gottlob Matthäi cf. the article Johann Gottlob Matthäi in Stadtwiki Dresden (accessed on February 2, 2019).