Lauchhammer-Ost
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Lauchhammer-Ost
City of Lauchhammer
Coordinates: 51 ° 29 ′ 53 ″ N , 13 ° 47 ′ 34 ″ E
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| Height : | 106 m above sea level NHN |
| Residents : | 3459 (2007) |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1950 |
| Postal code : | 01979 |
| Area code : | 03574 |
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Location of Lauchhammer-Ost in the state of Brandenburg |
Lauchhammer-Ost is a district of the city of Lauchhammer in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district in southern Brandenburg , whose traditional art foundry achieved world fame.
It was created in 1929 by decree of the Prussian State Ministry through the merger of the Naundorf community with the Lauchhammer estate to form the new Lauchhammer community. The municipality of Lauchhammer was merged in 1950 with the municipalities of Mückenberg, Bockwitz and Dolsthaida to form “Großgemeinde Lauchhammer”, which shortly afterwards in 1953 received town charter.
history
Naundorf
The municipality of Naundorf ( Sorbian Wjesko), located in the south of the district, was first mentioned in a document as "Nuwendorf". While the German place name can be interpreted as "New Village", the Sorbian "Wjesko" can be translated as a village.
Naundorf belonged to the rule Mückenberg ( Lauchhammer-West ), the area of which is also known as the "Mückenberger Ländchen". The residents lived mainly from agriculture and around 1575 there were eleven Hüfner, six Halbhüfner, four gardeners and four cottagers in the village. The place was ravaged by several serious fires over the centuries. In 1718 the entire village fell victim to a major fire. Other large fires are documented for the years 1853, 1854 and 1858. During this time, industrialization began in the village through the nearby ironworks of the Lauchhammer, and industrial workers began to settle in the village.
Until their own school was built in the village, the children attended the school in Bockwitz ( Lauchhammer-Mitte ). After the community was given a bell in 1874, a bell tower was built at the village school. The village school was replaced by a new building in 1931 after the municipality was merged with the Lauchhammer manor district in 1929 .
Lauchhammerwerk
In 1725 the first blast furnace was put into operation north of Naundorf. Before that, Baroness Benedicta Margareta von Löwendal , wife of the electoral Saxon court marshal Woldemar von Löwendal , who was enfeoffed with the rule of Mückenberg, was granted the privilege , with the personal consent of August the Strong, to transform the leek mill belonging to the rule into an iron hammer. The Freifrau is one of the first entrepreneurs in Lower Lusatia and thus founded the industrial site of Lauchhammer.
Originally, the old manorial leek mill was only supposed to be expanded with a board cutting mill in order to process the abundant quantities of wood that was ready for use. During their construction, however, lawn iron stone deposits were discovered here , which sparked the interest of the landlady, as the already existing Saxon smelters made considerable profits.
Initially, a location was chosen between the Lauchteich and Naundorfer Teich. In order to have enough water available for the operation of the ironworks, the baroness secured numerous springs and watercourses. The necessary charcoal mostly came from the manorial forests and the lawn iron ore was plentiful in the area. Turf iron ore was also mined near Liebenwerda , Wahrenbrück , Kosilenzien and in the Schraden lowlands and transported to the ironworks by carts overland or by barge over the Schwarze Elster , to which the Hammergraben was built. In addition to the Oberhammer built in 1725, other branches of the ironworks were added. The Mittelhammer was built in 1726, the Unterhammer in 1728, a rod hut in Grünewalde in 1729 and finally the Koynehammer.
After the Baroness died in Mückenberg Castle in 1776 , she bequeathed all of her property to her godchild to the Saxon Cabinet Minister Detlev Carl Graf von Einsiedel , who finally set about improving the company and, among other things , founded a sister company in Gröditz . The art-loving nobleman is also considered to be the founder of iron art casting in Lauchhammer, which has had a tradition in the city since 1784, when the first sculptures and statues were cast, and from which numerous works of art and bells emerged. The bronze art foundry in Lauchhammer, which was established in the 1830s, finally achieved world fame. For example, the Luther monument in Worms by Ernst Rietschel, the largest Reformation monument in the world, comes from the art foundry in Lauchhammer.
After his death in 1810, the Count was followed by his son Detlev von Einsiedel . Among other things, during the regulation of the Black Elster from 1852 onwards, he had the Plessa shipping lock built in order to make the Mückenberg – Wahrenbrück route navigable. Sailing ships operated this route for twenty years to transport Raseneisenstein for smelting. Due to the increasing siltation of the river this became unprofitable, the shipping traffic stopped and this lock was dismantled again in 1876.
At the end of the 19th century, lignite mining gained in importance in the Mückenberger Ländchen and the charcoal used as fuel was mostly replaced by lignite. In order to meet the increasing demand for coal and energy, the company built its own briquette factory with a power station at Oberhammer in 1901. For the first time in Lusatia, individual electric drives were used for the machines in the factory and the raw coal coming from the surrounding area was driven into a 5,000-ton bunker. With further extensive renovations, one of the most modern briquette factories of this time was built by 1945.
Lauchhammer
On June 8, 1929, the Prussian State Ministry issued a decree to merge the previously dissolved Lauchhammer estate with the Naundorf community. The newly created community was named "Lauchhammer".
Since the places of the Mückenberger Ländchen grew closer and closer together due to the advancing industrialization, in 1950 the places Mückenberg, Lauchhammer, Bockwitz and Dolsthaida merged to form the greater municipality of Lauchhammer. In 1952, Lauchhammer and the other places in the large community came to the newly created district of Senftenberg as part of the administrative reform of the Bad Liebenwerda district, and in 1953 Lauchhammer received town charter . The former municipality of Lauchhammer was henceforth called Lauchhammer-Ost.
In the decades before the fall of the Wall , production in the Lauchhammer-Ost factories was primarily geared towards lignite mining, and heavy machinery construction gained in importance. Among other things , the largest moving machines in the world were built here in the VEB "TAKRAF" with the F60 conveyor bridge series . The tradition of bell casting, which had now come to a standstill, was not continued until 1994.
In December 2009, 29 properties were partially or completely blocked. They stand around the former Lauchhammer III lignite mine . During earthworks it was found that the subsoil was possibly endangered. However, evacuation was not considered necessary.
Population development
| Population development in Lauchhammer-Ost (Naundorf) since 1875 | |||||||||
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| year | Residents | year | Residents | ||||||
| 1875 | 1933 | 4333 | |||||||
| 1890 | 530 | 1939 | 5179 | ||||||
| 1910 | 741 | 1946 | 6401 | ||||||
| 1925 | 4088 | 2007 | 3459 | ||||||
Culture and sights
→ See also: List of architectural monuments in Lauchhammer
Under the motto “Experience Culture”, the “Peace Memorial Church” built in 1917/16 is the cultural center of the district and the city of Lauchhammer. The church, originally built as a factory church, has been converted into a conference and event location. In addition to being used for small theaters, cabaret and film screenings, the church can also be used for weddings, among other things.
The " Kunstgussmuseum " was opened in February 1993 in the listed building of a former apprentice dormitory. With its numerous exhibits, it is a reminder of the long history of art casting, which is steeped in tradition in Lauchhammer. In addition to iron and bronze casts of sculptures, the most important part of the collection is a model fund of around 2,800 pieces from the foundry located here.
Literature (selection)
- The Schraden (= values of the German homeland . Volume 63). 1st edition. Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2001, ISBN 978-3-412-23905-3 .
- The ironworks in Lauchhammer. In: Konrad Scholz (ed.): Heimatbuch des Kreis Hoyerswerda. Verlag Ziehlke, Bad Liebenwerda 1925, pp. 142–145 ( digitized version )
- City administration Lauchhammer (ed.): Lauchhammer - stories of a city . Geiger Verlag, Horb am Neckar 2003, ISBN 3-89570-857-7 .
- Collective of authors: Mining history in the Lauchhammer district . Ed .: Traditionsverein Braunkohle Lauchhammer eV Lauchhammer 2003.
- Johann Friedrich Trautschold: History and Feyer of the first century of the ironworks Lauchhammer Castle Mückenberg on August 25, 1825 . Dresden, no year (to the Lauchhammer ironworks)
Periodicals
- Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . ( series of books published in Bad Liebenwerda since 1912 )
- The black magpie. (local history series)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach (author): Der Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area . Ed .: Institute for Regional Geography Leipzig and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne, Weimar, Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-412-10900-2 , pp. 157 to 161 .
- ↑ a b c Bianka Schnabel, Andreas Siegl: "Lauchhammer-Ost (formerly Naundorf)" on the Lauchhammer homepage. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on December 11, 2008 ; Retrieved August 14, 2009 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Matthäus Karl Fitzkow : On the older history of the city of Liebenwerda and its district area . Ed .: District Museum Bad Liebenwerda. Bad Liebenwerda 1961.
- ^ Author collective: Mining history in the Lauchhammer district . Ed .: Traditionsverein Braunkohle Lauchhammer eV Lauchhammer 2003.
- ↑ Lauchhammer-Ost becomes a redevelopment area Article in the Lausitzer Rundschau by Sacha Klein, from December 18, 2009 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Historical municipality directory of the State of Brandenburg (online as PDF file)
- ↑ Numbers and facts about the city of Lauchhammer. Retrieved August 12, 2009 .
- ^ The Peace Memorial Church on the Lauchhammer homepage. Retrieved August 14, 2009 .
- ↑ Berndt Engelmann: "The Peace Memorial Church in Lauchhammer-Ost" In: Local calendar for the old district of Bad Liebenwerda, the Mückenberger Ländchen, outskirts on Schraden and Uebigau-Falkenberg . Ed .: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde e. V. Bad Liebenwerda. Bad Liebenwerda 1996, p. 159-162 .
- ^ Homepage of the Lauchhammer art foundry. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 24, 2010 ; Retrieved August 14, 2009 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Homepage of the Art Casting Museum Lauchhammer. Retrieved August 14, 2009 .
- ↑ Barbara Müller (author): "Art casting museum in Lauchhammer." In: Local calendar for the old district of Bad Liebenwerda, the Mückenberger Ländchen, outskirts on Schraden and Uebigau-Falkenberg 1995 . Ed .: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde e. V. Bad Liebenwerda. Bad Liebenwerda 1995, p. 182-186 .
Web links
Districts: Lauchhammer-Mitte | Lauchhammer-Ost | Lauchhammer-Süd | Lauchhammer-West
Districts: Grünewalde | Kleinleipisch | Cost brew