Jänschwalde opencast mine
| Jänschwalde opencast mine | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
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| Mining technology | Open pit mine on 60.15 km² | ||
| Overburden | (2008) 143 million t | ||
| Funding / year | (2008) 13 million t | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Operating company | LEAG | ||
| Start of operation | 1971 | ||
| End of operation | 2023 | ||
| Successor use | Partial replenishment to the remaining lake
(see also Klinger See , Taubendorfer See ) |
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| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Brown coal | ||
| Brown coal | |||
| 2. Lusatian seam | |||
| Mightiness | 8-12 m | ||
| Greatest depth | 95 m | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 47 '31 " N , 14 ° 32' 23" E | ||
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| Location | Peitz | ||
| local community | Pond land, forest, Peitz | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Spree-Neisse district | ||
| country | country Brandenburg | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Lusatian lignite mining area | ||
The Jänschwalde open-cast mine is an open-cast lignite mine operated by Lausitz Energie Bergbau AG (LEAG) in the Lausitz lignite district in Brandenburg and was named after the Jänschwalde community in the Spree-Neisse district. The calorific value of lignite is 8,400 kJ / kg; it contains about 51% water, 1% sulfur and 12% ash . The nearby Jänschwalde power plant is largely supplied with lignite from this opencast mine. The Jänschwalde opencast mine is located northeast of the independent city of Cottbus . The largest part in terms of area is located in the Spree-Neisse district, a smaller part touches the area of the city of Cottbus. It was opened in the period from 1974 to 1976 south of the town of Grötsch (near Heinersbrück ) and developed from the Grötsch area initially in a southerly direction, before turning to the northeast near Klinge .
On September 1, 2019, the open-cast mine was closed for the time being, as there was no confirmed FFH impact assessment . Coal has been allowed to be mined again since February 24th.
The open pit
The dismantling of eight to twelve meters thick and with a waste-coal ratio of 9.3: 1 existing coal seam is performed by the Lausitz energy Bergbau AG . The planned mining period for the approved field extends until around 2021. Lignite mining in the Cottbus mining area employs around 2500 people in relation to the Cottbus-Nord and Jänschwalde opencast mines, including the shares from the transport / drainage / workshops and main administration areas that can be mathematically assigned to these .
technology
The mining equipment and techniques used in the Jänschwalde opencast mine to excavate and extract the raw lignite include:
Devices in pre-cut operation
- Spreader 1090 A2Rs-B 8800.110
- Bucket wheel excavator 1557 SRs 2000 + VR
Devices in bridge operation
- Overburden conveyor bridge 34 F60
- Bucket chain excavator 1292 Es 3750 (main working level)
- Bucket chain excavator 1294 Es 3750 (upper working level / feeder)
- Bucket chain excavator 1300 Es 3750 (main working level)
Equipment in the mine
- Bucket chain excavator 343 ERs 710
- Bucket chain excavator 344 ERs 710
- Belt trailer 707 BRs 1400
- Belt trailer 730 BRs 1400
- Belt trailer 738 BRs 1400
- Bucket wheel excavator 1504 SRs 1300
- Bucket wheel excavator 1506 SRs 1300
- Bucket wheel excavator 1523 SRs 1300
Other devices
- Weapon 1038 As 1120.68 (ash depot) (currently shut down)
- Weapon 1071 As 1600.70 (ash depot)
Resettled localities
- Blade : 1981
- Weissagk : 1985
- Klein Bohrau : 1986
- Klein Briesnig : 1987
- Horno : 2004
- as well as the eastern part of the village of Grötsch (Heinersbrück)
Water balance
Lignite can only be extracted dry. The groundwater around the opencast mine must therefore be lowered to below the deepest mining level. Hundreds of pumps form several rings around the pits. The closer you are to the excavator, the deeper you have to suck. The result of the pumping out is a sump funnel , which affects the groundwater well beyond the opencast mine.
The opencast mine is located in the catchment areas of the Spree and Lusatian Neisse . Before mining began, the groundwater drained generally from the plateaus to the north and south in the direction of the Baruther glacial valley , and then turned to the west towards the Spreewald and east towards the Lusatian Neisse. The natural course of the Malxe river was completely interrupted during mining. With the lowering of the groundwater caused by mining, there is a local reversal of the direction of flow in the direction of active open-cast mining. The extraction of lignite in opencast mining is not possible without lowering the existing groundwater.
Residual hole
Since November 2000, part of the swamp water that has yet to be lifted has been discharged into the Jänschwalde southern rim hose. This measure is primarily for geotechnical reasons (avoidance of scouring in the area of the slope) up to a water level of + 34 m above sea level. NN continued. Then the water lift in the area of the southern edge hose is stopped. In the future, the flooding of the rest of the lake is to be supported by the transfer of Spreewater from the Spremberg dam over the Tranitz flow . An average transfer of 16.8 m³ / min to max. 30 m³ / min. The plan approval procedure required for this in accordance with the provisions of the Water Resources Act has yet to be carried out. In order to create appropriate regulation possibilities and to integrate the future lake into the existing water management system, the production of an inlet and an outlet from and to the Tranitz is planned. With the planned external flooding, the final water level is 71.5 m above sea level. Reached NN in Klinger See in 2030 . If the groundwater rise was exclusively natural, it would take another 20 years to reach the predicted final water level. The external water supply primarily serves to reach the desired final water level more quickly. According to the statements of the report on the development of the water quality in the Klinger See (BTU Cottbus, November 1998), due to the favorable location of the rest of the lake, a water quality corresponding to the use could be achieved without an additional external water supply. The external water supply, however, provides additional security for the permanent guarantee of stable pH-neutral conditions. The future Taubendorfer See should be located in the outflow of the Jänschwalde dump. In the course of the abandonment of the Jänschwalde-Nord open-cast mine expansion, the subsequent landscape was also redesigned. Instead of a large lake, which would have had a significant impact on the hydrology of the area, three smaller lakes are now planned, each in the vicinity of the villages of Heinersbrück , Taubendorf and Jänschwalde -Ost.
Jänschwalde-Nord
In 2007, plans were announced according to which Vattenfall wanted to expand the opencast mine, which will expire in 2019, to the north. The places Kerkwitz , Grabko and Atterwasch with a total of around 900 inhabitants would have been affected by the resettlement. As open- cast mining communities, Taubendorf and Groß Gastrose would also be directly affected. The city of Guben (in particular its districts Deulowitz, Kaltenborn and Schlagsdorf) as well as Bärenklau and Jänschwalde-Ost would also be affected. The current Cottbus – Guben railway line should have been relocated, as well as the federal highway 97 , which was only relocated a few years ago because of the Jänschwalde opencast mine . Three moorland areas designated as FFH area “ Pastlingsee addition” would have been excavated. Due to the approved Jänschwalde opencast mine, the opencast mine operator has so far been obliged to carry out scientific observation and extensive protective measures for these areas. The Grabkoer Seewiesen are known, among other things, as a crane breeding ground. With Lake Deulowitz, Guben would have lost one of its most popular recreational destinations. The water protection areas Atterwasch and Taubendorf would also have been destroyed. In the north the open pit would have bordered directly on the FFH protected area “Feuchtwiesen Atterwasch”, in the west on the Pastlingsee (also FFH). The open pit mine would also have bordered directly on the Schlaubetal Nature Park near Grabko . A large number of businesses in the Guben area are located in the three directly affected localities. There are churches in Atterwasch and Kerkwitz, the latter was only renovated in 2007 by regional companies. There are also war cemeteries in both villages. At the end of 2008, Vattenfall applied for a lignite plan procedure to be initiated .
Due to the feared effects of the expansion of the opencast mine on people and the environment, those directly affected by the mining, local and environmental associations such as NABU, farmers, Die Linke and Bündnis90 / Die Grünen launched a popular initiative under the motto “No new opencast mines - for a sustainable energy policy ”and collected 26,574 signatures. Since a subsequent treatment of the topic in the Brandenburg state parliament did not result in any change in policy, the alliance launched a referendum in autumn 2008 , which failed in February 2009 due to fewer signatures.
On March 30, 2017, the new owner LEAG finally announced that it would not expand Jänschwalde.
Judicial shutdown
On June 27, 2019, the Cottbus Administrative Court ruled that due to the non-submission of a confirmed FFH compatibility test, preparations must be made to open the Jänschwalde opencast mine from September 1, 2019. This means that all filter wells in operation in the opencast mine will continue to be operated beyond September 1, 2019, but all other activities in the opencast mine will be discontinued and large-scale mine equipment will be moved to a safe starting position. The reason for the decision of the court was a lawsuit by the German Environmental Aid and the Green League against the approval of the current main operating plan for the Jänschwalde opencast mine. The operator LEAG submitted all the required documents for the FFH impact assessment on time. These would be checked by the State Office for Mining, Geology and Raw Materials (LBGR). The preparation of this precautionary security readiness was ordered in the event that no decision had been made by August 31, 2019 or that there was no positive result.
With the lawsuit and the partial success of the plaintiff before the Cottbus Administrative Court, the deadline for the environmental impact analysis to be submitted and its review was also reduced. The examination documents should have been submitted by August 30, 2019 and the examination should have been carried out by the end of 2019. The deadline for the examination by the LBGR and the State Office for the Environment was shortened to August 31, 2019. On August 28, 2019, the LEAG submitted an application to the Cottbus Administrative Court to extend the deadline to mid / end of November 2019 for the required FFH impact assessment. The reason given was: “In view of the considerable scope of investigation and review that the court also set up with the extension of the period of effect to be considered (beginning of 1995), LBGR and LEAG have determined that the time for a proper and careful investigation and review is too short is. "
On August 29, 2019, the Berlin-Brandenburg Higher Administrative Court confirmed the administrative court's decision of June 27 to temporarily close the facility without a valid FFH impact assessment. The decision is final. On August 30, 2019, the Cottbus Administrative Court decided not to grant the LEAG's application for an extension of the deadline for submitting the FFH impact assessment. As a result, continued operation or coal mining in the Jänschwalde open-cast mine has not been possible since September 1, 2019. Most of the workers employed in the opencast mine and not absolutely necessary are deployed at the opencast mining sites Welzow-Süd and Nochten / Reichwalde .
On September 6, 2019, the State Mining Authority ordered the resumption of preliminary cutting and the skipping operation to tilt the Heinersbrück edge hose as a necessary geotechnical safety measure. On September 12, 2019, the State Office for Mining, Geology and Raw Materials confirmed the resumption of recultivation measures in the Jänschwalde open-cast mine.
On November 12, 2019, the Jänschwalde opencast mine resumed temporary bridge and mine operations. However, this is not a regular operation, but a measure that the LBGR had ordered to protect against ingress of groundwater . This is intended to secure the open pit geotechnically. The coal seam is to be mined over a length of 50 meters and a width of 3000 meters in order to pump out the groundwater that will then flow into this channel and thus minimize the impact on the coal seam and large open-pit mining equipment that is still present. The coal extracted from this section will be converted into electricity as before.
On November 22, 2019, it became known that the required FFH impact assessment by the LBGR could not be carried out by the end of 2019 as previously planned due to the expected scope of the measures to be assessed. The operating plan approval for the Jänschwalde opencast mine would therefore expire on December 31, 2019. The operator LEAG intends to submit the necessary and still missing documents by the end of November 2019. Temporary operations that began on November 12, 2019 were suspended again on January 17, 2020. The security measures ordered by the LBGR ended on this day. On February 24, 2020, the operator LEAG received the necessary permits from the LBGR to resume mining operations and thus the confirmation of the main operating plan from 2020 to 2023. On February 25, regular operation in the open pit began again with the early shift.
See also
- List of German lignite opencast mines
- List of active mines in Germany, section lignite opencast mines
Web links
- Ordinance on the Jänschwalde open-cast lignite plan
- Vattenfall's business card for the Cottbus-Nord opencast mine (PDF)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jänschwalde / Cottbus Nord opencast lignite mine (PDF; 7.2 MB) Vattenfall Europe Mining AG, 2012
- ↑ Overview of the devices at www.ostkohle.de
- ↑ The Ministry of the Environment of the State of Brandenburg commissioned a study; this was presented on November 24, 2011 (consideration of the effects on the environment): Final report (PDF; 1.0 MB)
- ^ Ordinance on the Jänschwalde open-cast lignite plan
- ↑ Anna Ringle / Alexander Fröhlich: Withdrawal from lignite in installments. Potsdamer Neuste Nachrichten, May 17, 2017, accessed on May 18, 2017.
- ↑ Green League: The planned Jänschwalde-Nord opencast mine
- ↑ including Blumenthal, editorial office Brandenburg aktuell: Jänschwalde open-cast lignite mine will not be expanded. RBB, March 30, 2017, accessed March 30, 2017 .
- ↑ Precautionary measure for the geotechnical safety of the Jänschwalde opencast mine
- ↑ Jan Siegel: DUH lawsuit: State mining authority examines permit for Jänschwalde opencast mine. Retrieved September 3, 2019 .
- ↑ LEAG is preparing to stop the Jänschwalde open-cast mine . In: Lausitzer Rundschau August 13, 2019.
- ↑ Editor: LEAG requests extension of the deadline. Jänschwalde opencast mine could stand still - Niederlausitz news. Accessed September 4, 2019 (German).
- ↑ LEAG applies for deadline extension - Jänschwalde opencast mine could be shut down . In: Niederlausitz Current August 28, 2019.
- ↑ Legal ping pong about coal mining in the Jänschwalde opencast mine . In: Lausitzer Rundschau August 29, 2019.
- ^ The court confirms the stop of the Jänschwalde opencast mine . In: Tagesspiegel , August 29, 2019. Retrieved on August 29, 2019.
- ↑ Jänschwalde opencast mine must be stopped . In: Lausitzer Rundschau August 30, 2019.
- ↑ As of Sunday, excavators in the Jänschwalde open-cast mine will initially be idle. In: mdr.de. Retrieved September 3, 2019 .
- ↑ Operation in the Jänschwalde opencast mine started up again . In: MOZ November 11, 2019.
- ↑ Groundwater seeps into the stopped Jänschwalde open-cast mine . In: Leipziger Volkszeitung November 11, 2019.
- ↑ Environmental assessment for Jänschwalde opencast mine is delayed . In: Lausitzer Rundschau November 22, 2019.
- ^ Permit for lignite mining granted again . In: Lausitzer Rundschau February 24, 2020.