Hu Gadarn

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Hu Gadarn is a Welsh legendary figure who appears, among other things, in the druidic traditions falsified by Iolo Morganwg (actually Edward Williams, 1747-1826).

Origins and esotericism

In Pererindod Siarlymaen ("The Pilgrimage of Charlemagne "), a Cymric adaptation of the French , 12th century romance Le Pèlerinage de Charlemagne , Hu Gadarn (in the French version Hugo or Hugun le Fort , "Hugo the Strong" ) named as emperor of Constantinople and enemy of Charles (Charlemagnes). Since Hu claims that he is more famous than Karl, the latter moves to Constantinople with his knights, beats Hu and returns home in triumph.

In the poem Y Llafurwr ("The Ploughman") by Iolo Goch (14th century), Hu Gadarn is associated with plowing , which Iolo Morganwg then partly addressed. He made Hu Gadarn in his work "Barddas" ( "The Bard") the leader of the Britons , from the Summerland ( Deffrobani the island Kingdom populated). Among other things, Hu teaches the natives how to plow. He equated Hu Gadarn with the legendary namesake of Britain ( Prydyn , also Prydein ) and referred to the summer country as "Atlantia", which he postulated that the Celts (and Druids) came from Atlantis . As "Hu-Hesus" he also equated him with Jesus Christ and the Celtic god Esus . Morganwg's ideas were taken up by Robert Graves in his book "The White Goddess" , in which he also identified Hu Gadarn with the Celtic god Cernunnos . These ideas by Morganwg and Graves enjoy some dissemination in parts of Celtic esotericism to this day .

Hu Gadarn and Aeddon

With the singing of the lamenting poem Marwnad Aeddon'o Vôn (" Lamentation for the Aeddon of Mona"), which is attributed to Taliesin (XLV. Elegy in Llyfr Taliesin ) , a funeral service is to be held at Mona ( Anglesey ), the burial place of Hu Gadarn in which Hu was equated with Aeddon.

The island that praises the Hu, the island of the strict vindicator, just Mona [...]
The fate of the Ark of Aeddon is sad, for it is known that its kind has never been [...]

Aeddon means to welsh "Lord of sound", as nicknamed also are Cadarn Trydar ( "the Mighty One of sound") and Rhwyf Trydar ( "the leader of sound") is known. Hu Gadarn is said to have received this name after the loud shouts of his admirers; with Taliesin, however, it means "the return to the previous state".

In the 19th century, MP Kavenaugh and other scholars suspected an etymological connection between the English God , the German God , the Persian Bhoda and the Hindi word Khuda , all of which are said to come from the same Proto-Indo-European root * ǵʰu-tó-m like the Celtic Aeddon or Guydion , the Germanic Odin , Wodan or Goutan and the Indian Buddha or Gautama . However, this theory is outdated and is rejected by the majority.

Web links

See also

Remarks

  1. ↑ Creuzer / Mone: Symbolik und Mythologie der alten Völker , Heyer and Leske, 1822, p. 511 ff.