Aerosol fire engine
An aerosol fire-fighting vehicle (also known as an exhaust fire extinguisher) is a fire engine that aerosolizes (atomizes) a liquid and blows it into a source of fire at high pressure or at great distances (up to 100 m) in order to extinguish a fire or to knock down toxic fumes and smoke and to make it easier for fire fighters to access the scene. In this case, extinguishing water or extinguishing foam can be added to the exhaust gas jet of a movably arranged jet turbine or the air flow of a conventional turbine (propeller) .
tasks
- fast and massive fire fighting in the event of major fires
- Fire fighting on chemical plants (especially petrochemical plants )
- Precipitation of toxic gases and vapors
- Cooling of fire-endangered objects
- Ventilation of tunnels
The first turbo extinguisher was used in the USSR to extinguish a major fire in the Urals. Jet engines were placed on demilitarized tanks and used for extinguishing. The success was so impressive that similar vehicles were built throughout the Eastern Bloc. For the fire fighting work after the Second Gulf War, Hungary developed the Big Wind, a special remote-controlled type that carried two jet engines on a tank chassis . It was thus possible to successfully extinguish oil wells in a much shorter time than initially expected.
Example vehicles
Type W50 exhaust fire engine
A prototype of an exhaust fire extinguishing vehicle was built in 1980 at the fire service institute in Heyrothsberge on the basis of an IFA W50 . The engine was mounted on the existing slewing ring of the vehicle, which was previously equipped with a turntable ladder . In 1986 it was scrapped.
From 1982 to 1984, the industrial buildings department of the Schwarze Pump gas combine built another turbo extinguisher, the chassis of which was also a W50, but this time it was originally an all-wheel-drive slewing car crane (ADK) 70 . Here the engine was also mounted on the slewing ring. From 1984 onwards, further exhaust fire engines were prepared by the combine special forces, but they were not completed. As with the first vehicle, Klimow WK-1 engines were used as jet generators . The vehicle mountings ( KrAZ ), which had already been completely completed for mounting the engines, were scrapped after reunification . The three engines were removed from access and demilitarized prior to destruction, as they were classified as military equipment after October 3, 1990. One of these engines was used in 2003 to build the second AGLF for the Vattenfall plant fire brigade (now LEAG ), another was kept as a reserve, the third WK-1F engine was scrapped.
The extinguishing device of the ADK 70 is still in use today at the LEAG main fire station of the plant fire brigade in the Schwarze Pump power plant , after it was placed on a MAN 17.232 FA chassis in 2000/2001 . With this conversion, the control station was given a closed cabin. The vehicle was used in forest fires in Brandenburg in the past .
"Hurricane" exhaust fire truck
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The "Hurricane" exhibited in the German Fire Brigade Museum-Fulda is probably the most powerful exhaust gas extinguishing device. A Tumanski R-13-300 jet engine , as it is also used in a MIG-21MF , is pivotably mounted on a T-55 A-chain chassis. The vehicle weighs 27 tons and was built with the help of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research between May 1991 and July 1993 in Neubrandenburg . A subsidy of € 750,000 was used, which was paid to Erdöl-Erdgas Gommern . It was intended to fight fires at Iraqi oil production facilities. When the vehicle was completed, however, the fires had already been put out by Hungarian turbo fire engines. The vehicle was used experimentally and showed good results. Nevertheless, it was no longer used.
Turbo extinguisher BASF
The BASF fire brigade has had an aerosol fire engine since 1998. It is based on an 18-ton chassis. The compressed air is of two jet turbines of the type Turbomeca Larzac 04 generated. This generates a compressor equivalent output of 27 MW, which makes it possible to atomize 6000 liters of water per minute and carry it 120 meters. This rather experimental vehicle was developed in cooperation with the Federal Ministry of Education and Research .
A vehicle has been in use since May 2005, the Turbolöscher II, in which the jet turbines are swivel-mounted on a turntable and can now sweep an angle of 180 °. The vehicle was manufactured by Zikun Fahrzeugbau according to the specifications of the BASF works fire department . Equipped with the same turbines, it is now possible to atomize 8000 liters of water per minute.
Fire support vehicle
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An example of an unmanned vehicle is the fire-fighting vehicle (LUF) 60 from the Austrian manufacturer Computer. This aerosol fire-fighting vehicle consists of a tank-like chassis and a turbine that converts up to 3000 liters per minute into a fine water mist. This water mist is shot up to 90 meters to the source of the fire, which is difficult to access. Alternatively, you can switch to foam with a throughput of up to 3000 liters per minute at any time. A range of 35 meters to 70 meters can be achieved here, depending on the type of foam. Medium or heavy foam can also be thrown up to 45 m. Other functions are winch, forklift, mini crane, swimming pumps, road-rail drive. Places of use are, for example, tunnels, underground garages, subway shafts, but also industrial plants and wildfires.
Turbine fire engine (TULF) in the Chempark Leverkusen
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A turbine fire engine (TULF for short) was officially put into service in Chempark Leverkusen on November 7, 2019. This vehicle complements the vehicle fleet according to its counterpart (an older turbo extinguisher) in Dormagen.
The turbine fire engine has an extinguishing system from Liberty Gasturbine Holland from the Netherlands (body manufacturer EMPL) and represents a Turbine Response System (TRS). The system is built on a MAN chassis. The vehicle is designed so that the system can be operational within 90 seconds. When the vehicle is stable, it is operated by a fire fighter. Between 1,500 and 4,000 liters of water per minute can be fed into the exhaust gas flow via the turbine. In addition, an independent turret is mounted on the roof, which can also dispense up to 6,000 liters per minute. This can also be directed into the exhaust gas flow so that the total output via the exhaust gas flow is then up to 10,000 liters per minute. However, this requires an appropriate water supply. Within the boundaries of the Chempark there are four independent hydrants with A outlets. In order not to suck in loose parts from the surroundings, the vehicle has the option of watering its surroundings up to a distance of four meters (spray mist). The turbine is operated with diesel from the vehicle tank. The built-in tank holds almost 1,000 liters. When operating at full load, the fuel consumption is around 1,000 liters per hour.
Numbers for the TULF:
| dimension | value |
|---|---|
| length | 10.72 m |
| width | 2.55 m |
| height | 3.67 m |
| Weight | 30 tons |
| Engine power | 500 hp |
| Max. Water delivery | 10,000 L / min (4000 L via the turbine & 6000 L via the roof turret, which can be directed into the jet) |
| Max. Throw distance | 80 m |
| Extinguishing water tank | 5500 L |
See also
literature
- Walter Hamilton, Paul Baetzner: Handbook for the firefighter. 17th, revised edition. Boorberg, Stuttgart et al. 1992, ISBN 3-415-01705-2 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Dirk Wieczorek: Vehicles of German works and company fire departments. Podszun, Brilon 2005, ISBN 3-86133-389-9 . P. 151.
- ↑ Franz-Hartmut Jäger: The fire brigades of Eastern Germany: special vehicles, rarities. EFB-Verlag, Erlensee 1996, ISBN 3-88776-093-X . P. 15.
- ↑ a b Photos and further information about the W50 fire engine
- ^ Ralf Kunkel: GDR fire engines. 1945–1990. Motorbuch-Verlag, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-613-03159-3 , p. 65.
- ↑ Project description on the web portal of the German Aerospace Center (DLR)
- ↑ Data sheet for a truck turbo extinguisher. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 6, 2017 ; accessed on August 15, 2019 .
- ↑ The BASF plant fire brigade. In: basf.com. Retrieved November 8, 2019 .
- ↑ Fire-fighting support vehicle "LUF 60". Bregenz-Rieden fire brigade, accessed on November 8, 2019 .
