Alžbětín
| Alžbětín | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Plzeňský kraj | ||||
| District : | Klatovy | ||||
| Municipality : | Železná Ruda | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 7 ' N , 13 ° 13' E | ||||
| Residents : | 62 (March 1, 2001) | ||||
Alžbětín (German Elisenthal ) is a district of the municipality Železná Ruda in Okres Klatovy , Czech Republic . It is located two kilometers southwest of Železná Ruda in the valley of the great rain, right on the German border near Bayerisch Eisenstein .
history
In the area of Markt Eisenstein , an unusually high concentration of glassworks has been observed since the 17th century, as it has nowhere else in the area of the Bohemian Forest .
There are 18 former glassworks in the Eisenstein Valley. This also includes the table and mirror glassworks Elisenthal. It was founded in 1841 by Franz Xaver Ritter von Hafenbrädl and leased to the glass master Peter Ziegler for 500 guilders a year. He was also the first mayor of Markt Eisenstein from 1850 to 1854. Hafenbrädl named the hut after his aunt Elise (Maria Elisabeth von Hafenbrädl, 1758–1825), who bequeathed her extensive possessions to him.
Table and mirror glass were sought-after export items, as America was unable to meet its own needs, which had grown due to the lively settlement activity. Together with the Gerlhütte, also run by Ziegler, Elisenthal had almost 400 employees in 1853. Initially, flat glass was only produced using the cylinder blowing process. In 1856, Ziegler commissioned another smelter for the production of cast tablets based on the Belgian model. The casting process made it possible to produce much larger panels (up to 325 × 80 cm). The expensive introduction of the new technology and problems with the wood connection ultimately led to Peter Ziegler's bankruptcy . When it went bankrupt in 1865, the Bloch brothers, who had already leased the hut in Watetitz , took over the business. A year later they enlarged the Elisenthaler Hütte by two ovens.
Under the management of Franz Schrenk (1816–1879) from the Lohberger Hütte, the company was again very successful from 1871. In 1877 his son Wenzl Schrenk (1849–1905) took over the hut. At the end of the 19th century, however, the local conditions in the Bohemian Forest deteriorated. Due to their proximity to the mining areas, the competition in Northern Bohemia was able to produce cheap coal as heating material much more cheaply than the wood-dependent huts in the Bohemian Forest. In addition, these companies were located much more conveniently on important railway lines. In addition, the demand for flat glass fell due to the collapse of the American business. With the exception of the ribbon, which his widow Mathilde Schrenk continued until 1922, all parts of the company were closed after Wenzl Schrenk's death in 1905. The glassmakers moved on to other glassworks; many of them went to Bavaria.
After the end of the Second World War , the buildings formerly belonging to the Elisenthaler Hütte were used as an evacuation camp from March 1946. The people who were to be expelled from the central Bohemian Forest were housed in a confined space until they were deported. Because of their location right on the border, most of the buildings were later demolished. Since the border was opened in the 1990s, the buildings along the street have been used for a market. In 1991 59 people lived in the village. In 2001 Alžbětín consisted of 17 houses.
The Czech part of the Bayerisch Eisenstein border station is in the corridors of Alžbětín. It started operating in 1877 and is now served by the Regentalbahn and České dráhy companies.
literature
- Franz Wudy: village and market Eisenstein as well as Bayerisch Eisenstein = Eisensteinbuch. Maps, certificates, coats of arms, written certificates and picture documents of the past. Wudy, Lindberg 2005.
- Jitka Lněničková: Glass art in the Bohemian Forest. Rebstock , Sušice 1997, ISBN 80-85301-55-5 .
- Claudia Mittelhammer: Locations and development of the glass industry in the Šumava area (Czech Republic) (= Regensburg contributions to regional geography and spatial planning. 6). Laßleben, Kallmünz 1999, ISBN 3-7847-6306-5 .