Ala I Pannoniorum Tampiana

Reconstruction of a sign of the Ala

The inscription of Lucius Iulius Vehilius Gratus Iulianus ( CIL 6, 31856 )

The Ala I Pannoniorum Tampiana [victrix] [milliaria] ( German  1. Ala the Pannonians of Tampius [the victorious] [1000 men] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

• Pannoniorum : the Pannonian . The soldiers of the Ala were recruited from the various tribes of the Pannonians in the area of ​​the later Roman province of Pannonia when the unit was established .

• Tampiana : of Tampius. One of the unit's first commanders was believed to be a Tampius , after whom the Ala was named. Lucius Tampius Flavianus , his father or Tampius Rufus are considered as possible namesake .

• victrix : the victorious. The addition appears in the inscription ( AE 1953, 00128b ).

• milliaria : 1000 men. The unit was probably originally an Ala quingenaria with a nominal strength of 480 men. By 167/168 AD at the latest, however , it had been expanded into an Ala milliaria . The addition does not appear in the military diplomas or inscriptions, but this is suspected due to the military career of Lucius Iulius Vehilius Gratus Iulianus .

The unit was an ala milliaria . The nominal strength of the Ala was 720 men, consisting of 24 towers with 30 riders each.

history

The Ala was stationed in the provinces of Britannia , Noricum and Pannonia . It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 103 to AD 157.

The Ala was probably set up during the reigns of Augustus or Tiberius . After the four emperors year she was probably moved to Britannia . Around 89/101 there was a vexillation of the unit in the province of Pannonia . The Pannonian Gemellus , who was discharged from military service in 122, probably joined this vexillation around 97.

The first secure evidence of unity in the province of Britannia is based on a diploma dated 103. The diploma lists the Ala as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Britannia ) that were stationed in the province. Another diploma, dated 122, proves unity in the same province.

The Ala was relocated to Noricum Province at an unspecified time between 122 and 133 . Diplomas dated from 133 to 157 prove the unit in Noricum as part of the troops stationed there.

The last evidence of the Ala is based on the inscription ( CIL 6, 31856 ) which is dated to 188/190.

Locations

Locations of the Ala in Noricum were possibly:

• Lentia ( Linz ): The consecration altar of Castricius Sabinus was found here.

Locations of the Ala in Pannonia may have been:

• Carnuntum : The tombstone of Titus Flavius ​​Crescens was found here.

Members of the Ala

The following members of the Ala are known:

Commanders

C (aius) [D] omitius Montanus Sept (imius) An (nius) Romanus, a prefect ( AE 1953, 00128b ) C (aius) Valerius Celsus: he is named on the diploma of 103 as a commander.

Fabius Sabinus : he is named on the diploma of 122 as a commander. Lucius Iulius Vehilius Gratus Iulianus , a prefect ( CIL 6, 31856 )

Others

Castricius Sab [i] nus, a duplicarius ( AE 1953, 00128b ) Flavius ​​Silvanus, a Decurio (around 89/101) ( CIL 3, 4466 ) Gemellus, a Sesquiplicarius: the diploma of 122 was issued to him. Pudentius Maximinus, a veteran and former Decurio ( CIL 3, 5531 )

Reburrus, a Decurio: the diploma of 103 was issued to him. T (itus) Flavius ​​Cresce (n) s, a rider (around 85/92) ( CIL 3, 4466 ) T (itus) F (lavius) Victorinus, a veteran and former Decurio ( CIL 3, 5632 )

More Alae with the name Ala I Pannoniorum

There were three other alae with this designation:

• the Ala I Pannoniorum (Africa) . She has a military diploma of 127 and was stationed in the province of Africa .
• the Ala I Pannoniorum (Moesia) . She is documented by military diplomas from 92 to 157 and was stationed in the province of Moesia inferior .
• the Ala I Pannoniorum Sabiniana . It is documented by diplomas from 98 to 178 and was stationed in the province of Britannia .

See also

• List of Roman auxiliary units
• Roman forces in Britannia

Web links

Commons : Ala I Pannoniorum Tampiana  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

1. ↑ Lucius Tampius Flavianus was under Vespasian legatus Augusti pro praetore in Pannonia. According to Ionut Acrudoae , the Ala was either reorganized at this time or an already existing Ala I Pannoniorum took over the addition of Tampiana .
2. ↑ The military career of Lucius Iulius Vehilius Gratus Iulianus consisted of the following four sections: 1) Prefect of a Cohors quingenaria , the Cohors III Augusta Thracum . 2) Tribune of a Cohors milliaria , the Cohors I Ulpia Pannoniorum . 3) Prefect of an Ala quingenaria , the Ala I Thracum Herculana . 4) Prefect of an Ala milliaria , the Ala I Pannoniorum Tampiana .

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b c d} Ionut Acrudoae: Ala I Pannoniorum Tampiana: history and mobility , Classica et Christiana, 7/1, 2012, 7–8, pp. 9–16 ( online ).
2. ^ ^{A b c} John EH Spaul: Ala² The Auxiliary Cavalry Units of the Pre-Diocletianic Imperial Roman Army. Nectoreca Press, Andover 1994, ISBN 0-9525062-0-3 , pp. 215-216.
3. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 157 Table 1 ( PDF p. 159 ).
4. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 103 ( CIL 16, 48 ), 122 ( CIL 16, 69 ), 133 ( CIL 16, 174 ), 135/138 ( RMD 2, 93 ), 151 ( RMM 32 ), 152 ( AE 2012, 1079 ) and 157 ( AMNap-2015-82 ).
5. ↑ Eric Birley : Pannonians in Roman Britain In: Journal of papyrology and epigraphy . Volume 73 (1988), pp. 151-155, here p. 151 ( online ).