Cohors I Ulpia Pannoniorum

This article deals with the Cohors I Ulpia Pannoniorum stationed in the province of Pannonia superior . For other units with this name see Cohors I Pannoniorum .

A military diploma from AD 133 ( CIL 16, 76 )

The inscription of Lucius Iulius Vehilius Gratus Iulianus

The Cohors I Ulpia Pannoniorum [milliaria] [equitata] [victrix] [Antoniniana] [Gordiana] ( German  1st cohort the Ulpische der Pannonier [1000 men] [partly mounted] [the victorious] [the Antoninian] [the Gordian] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas , inscriptions and brick stamps. In an inscription it is referred to as Cohors I Pannoniorum .

Name components

• Cohors : The cohort was an infantry unit of the auxiliary troops in the Roman army .

• I : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number, the first ( Latin prima ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Cohors prima ...

• Ulpia : the Ulpian. The honorary designation refers to Emperor Trajan , whose full name is Marcus Ulpius Traianus .

• Pannoniorum : the Pannonian . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the various tribes of the Pannonians in the area of ​​the Roman province of Pannonia when the unit was established .

• milliaria : 1000 men. Depending on whether it was an infantry cohort ( Cohors milliaria peditata ) or a mixed association of infantry and cavalry ( Cohors milliaria equitata ), the nominal strength of the unit was either 800 or 1040 men. The addition appears in almost all military diplomas as well as in several inscriptions. In the diplomas and inscriptions, the symbol is used instead of milliaria . ${\displaystyle \infty }$

• equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition appears in several inscriptions.

• victrix : the victorious. The addition appears in an inscription.

• torquata : awarded with torques . The addition may appear in an inscription.

• civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen. The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service. The addition may appear in an inscription.

• Antoniniana : the Antoninian. An honorific designation that refers to Caracalla (211-217) or Elagabal (218-222). The addition appears in two inscriptions and on bricks.

• Gordiana : the Gordian. A title of honor that refers to Gordian III. (238-244) refers. The addition appears in an inscription.

The unit was a Cohors milliaria equitata . The nominal strength of the unit was therefore 1040 men, consisting of 10 Centurien infantry with 80 men each and 8 tower cavalry with 30 riders each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the province of Pannonia superior . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 126 to 163 AD.

The unit was probably set up under Trajan (98-117) as Cohors milliaria . The first evidence of unity in the province of Pannonia superior is based on a diploma dated 126. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Pannonia ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated 133 to 163, prove unity in the same province.

The last evidence of the cohort is based on an inscription dated 251/280.

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Pannonia superior were possibly:

• Aquincum ( Budapest ): an inscription and bricks with the stamp of the unit were found here.
• Carnuntum ( Bad Deutsch-Altenburg ): an inscription was found here.
• Solva ( Esztergom ): Numerous inscriptions as well as bricks with the stamps of the unit were found here.

Bricks with the stamp of unity were also found in Kneževi Vinogradi in present-day Croatia.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Commanders

[?], a tribune ( AE 2011, 985 ) [] mus, a tribune ( AE 1981, 600 ). He was also prefect of the Ala Classiana . [] rus, a tribune ( AE 2011, 989 ) Aulus Baebius Regillus : he is named on the diploma of 148 as a commander. C (aius) Co [] Donatus, a tribune ( AE 2011, 976 ) Cn (aeus) Clodius Classicianus, a tribune ( CIL 3, 8162 ). He was also the tribune of the Cohors XVIII Voluntariorum . Here [nnius] [] nus, a tribune ( AE 2011, 974 )

Lucius Iulius Vehilius Gratus Iulianus , a tribune Marcus Afranius Hannibalianus , a tribune Marcus Flavius ​​Impetratus , a tribune Marcus Pompeius Pollio , a tribune Publius Aelius Mamianus , a tribune P (ublius) Ga [] Hib [ernali] s, a tribune ( AE 2011, 991 ) T (itus) Iulius Iulian (us), a tribune ( CIL 5, 4343 )

Others

[] Colap (ianus) ( CIL 3, 11227 ) Ael (ius) Serenus, a soldier ( CIL 3, 10349 ) Atta, a foot soldier: the diploma of 148 was issued to him. Aur (elius) Secundinus, a veteran and former Decurio ( CIL 3, 3350 )

Avent (inius) Nigrinus, a veteran ( AE 1997, 1265 ) M (arcus) Aurel (ius) Priscus ( RHP 00410 ) Sept (imius) Victorinus ( AE 1997, 1265 )

See also

• List of Roman auxiliary units
• Roman forces in Pannonia

Web links

Commons : Cohors I Ulpia Pannoniorum  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

• John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4

Remarks

1. ↑ According to Péter Kovács, Barnabás Lőrincz, the unit was awarded the victrix award in the second half of the 3rd century.
2. ↑ According to Péter Kovács, Barnabás Lőrincz, the TER in the inscription could stand for the numeral tertia or it could be a prescription for TOR and thus an abbreviation for torquata . The reading of the EDCS is coh (ortis) I Ulp (iae) Pan (noniorum) Vict (ricis) ter (?) .
3. ↑ The reading of the EDCS is [trib (uno)] [coh (ortis)] I Ulpia [e Pan] [noni] orum c (ivium) [R (omanorum) (miliariae) e (quitatae)] .
4. ↑ According to Péter Kovács, Barnabás Lőrincz, the unit was probably destroyed towards the end of the 3rd century.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Inscription ( AE 2011, 972 ).
2. ↑ inscriptions with milliaria ( AE 2011, 975 , AE 2011, 976 , AE 2011, 978 , AE 2011, 981 , AE 2011, 982 , AE 2011, 983 , AE 2011, 986 , AE 2011, 988 , AE 2011, 989 ) .
3. ^ Inscriptions with equitata ( AE 2011, 971 , AE 2011, 972 , AE 2011, 973 , AE 2011, 975 , AE 2011, 982 , AE 2011, 986 , AE 2011, 988 , AE 2011, 989 ).
4. ↑ Inscription with victrix ( AE 2011, 990 ).
5. ^ Inscription with torquata ( AE 2011, 990 ).
6. ^ Inscription with civium Romanorum ( AE 1981, 600 ).
7. ^ Inscriptions with Antoniniana ( AE 2011, 981 , AE 2011, 984 ).
8. ^ Bricks with Antoniniana : stamp COH I ULP PA ( RHP 00412 ) and COH I ULP P AN ( RHP 00411 ).
9. ^ Inscription with Gordiana ( AE 2011, 989 ).
10. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 126 ( RMD 4, 236 ), 133 ( CIL 16, 76 , CIL 16, 77 ), 134 ( RMD 4, 250 ), 138 ( CIL 16, 84 ), 140 ( ZPE-152-251 ), 140/145 ( AE 1989, 623 ), 148 ( CIL 16, 96 ), 149 ( CIL 16, 97 ), 153/154 ( RMD 5, 416 ), 154 ( CIL 16, 104 ), 159 ( AE 2004, 1904 , AE 2004, 1905 , RMD 5, 422 , RMD 5, 423 , ZPE-181-194 ), 161 ( RMD 5, 430 , RMD 5, 431 ) and 163 ( RMD 1, 62 ).
11. ^ ^{A b c} John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 315, 331-332.
12. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 162 table 6 ( PDF ).
13. ^ Inscription ( AE 2011, 990 ).
14. ↑ Inscription from Aquincum ( CIL 3, 10349 ).
15. ↑ Bricks from Aquincum : Stamp COH I ULP P ( AE 1987, 793 , CIL 3, 10667a , CIL 3, 10667b , CIL 3, 10667c ), COH I UL EP ( CIL 3, 10667e ), COH I ULP PAN ( TitAq- 03, 01361 ) and COH I ULP PA ( RHP 00412 ).
16. ↑ Inscription from Carnuntum ( CIL 3, 11227 ).
17. ^ ^{A b} Péter Kovács , Barnabás Lőrincz : Altars from the Solva Auxiliary Camp New Inscriptions from Komárom-Esztergom County II In: Journal of Papyrology and Epigraphy , Volume 179 (2011), pp. 247-270 ( online ).
18. ↑ Inscriptions from Solva ( AE 2011, 971 , AE 2011, 972 , AE 2011, 973 , AE 2011, 974 , AE 2011, 975 , AE 2011, 976 , AE 2011, 978 , AE 2011, 981 , AE 2011, 982 , AE 2011, 983 , AE 2011, 984 , AE 2011, 985 , AE 2011, 986 , AE 2011, 988 , AE 2011, 989 , AE 2011, 990 , AE 2011, 991 , AE 2011, 992 ).
19. ^ Bricks from Solva : Stamp CO I ULP PAN ( RHP 00407 ) and COH I ULP P AN ( RHP 00411 ).
20. ↑ brick Knezevi Vinogradi : stamp CI ULP PAN ( AE , 1989, 623 ).