Cohors XVIII Voluntariorum

The military diploma of July 5, AD 149 ( CIL 16, 97 )

The Cohors XVIII (or XIIX ) Voluntariorum [civium Romanorum] ( German 18th cohort of volunteers [of the Roman citizens] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

Voluntariorum : the volunteer.

civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen. The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from Roman citizens when the unit was established. The unit was probably excavated under Augustus together with other cohorts; the formation of the units probably took place during the Pannonian uprising and after the defeat of the Varus . A total of up to 44 (or 48) cohorts of Roman citizens may have been formed, of which only 18 are recorded.

Since there are no references to the additions milliaria (1000 men) and equitata (partially mounted), it can be assumed that it is a Cohors (quingenaria) peditata , a pure infantry cohort. The nominal strength of the unit was 480 men, consisting of 6 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the province of Pannonia superior . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 138-163 AD.

The first evidence of unity in Pannonia superior is based on the inscription ( AE 1979, 466 ), which is dated to 80 AD. The cohort is documented for the first time in the province by a diploma. In the diploma she is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Pannonia ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 139 to 163, prove unity in the same province.

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Pannonia superior were possibly:

Cirpi ( Dunabogdány ): The inscriptions ( AE 1965, 166 , AE 1979, 466 ) were found here.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

Cn (aeus) Clodius Classicianus, a tribune ( CIL 3, 8162 ). He was also the tribune of the Cohors I Ulpia Pannoniorum .

L (ucius) Cammi [u] s Maximus, a tribune ( CIL 7, 383 ). He was also prefect of the Cohors I Hispanorum .

Others

[] Crescens Licinianus ( AE 1905, 240 )
M (arcus) Valerius Cleme (n) s, a soldier ( AE 1965, 166 )
[P (ublius) Urvini] us pastor, a soldier ( AE 2006, 1053 )

Q (uintus) Iulius Certus, a soldier ( CIL 13, 1159 )
Ulpius Fronto, a Centurion ( AE 1965, 166 )

Web links

Commons : Cohors XVIII Voluntariorum - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b ^c John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 19-20, 40-41
^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 162 table 6 ( PDF p. 164 ).
↑ Military diplomas of the years 138 ( CIL 16, 84 ), 139 ( ZPE-172-271 ), 146 ( CIL 16, 178 ), 148 ( CIL 16, 96 ), 149 ( CIL 16, 97 ), 153 ( AE 2010, 1863 ), 153/154 ( RMD 5, 416 ), 161 ( RMD 5, 430 , RMD 5, 431 ) and 163 ( RMD 1, 62 ).

[jsp-1] A ^b ^c John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 19-20, 40-41

[js-2] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 162 table 6 ( PDF p. 164 ).

[MD-3] Military diplomas of the years 138 ( CIL 16, 84 ), 139 ( ZPE-172-271 ), 146 ( CIL 16, 178 ), 148 ( CIL 16, 96 ), 149 ( CIL 16, 97 ), 153 ( AE 2010, 1863 ), 153/154 ( RMD 5, 416 ), 161 ( RMD 5, 430 , RMD 5, 431 ) and 163 ( RMD 1, 62 ).