Aleš Hrdlička
Alois Ferdinand Hrdlička , changed to Aleš Hrdlička after 1918 (born March 30, 1869 in Humpolec , Bohemia , Austria-Hungary ; † September 5, 1943 in Washington, DC ), was a Bohemian-American anthropologist .
Hrdlička's family emigrated to the USA in 1881. There he received medical training and founded the American Journal of Physical Anthropology , which he edited until his death. In 1903 Hrdlička was first deputy curator, then in 1910 curator at the National Museum of Natural History , part of the Smithsonian Institution . In 1915 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , in 1918 to the American Philosophical Society and in 1921 to the National Academy of Sciences .
In 1898 Aleš Hrdlička accompanied the Norwegian ethnologist Carl Lumholtz on his fourth and final expedition to the Tarahumara and the Huichol in Mexico . On the four-month trip on behalf of the American Museum of Natural History , they examined remains of bones and recorded 60 melodies and chants of the visited tribes using a graphophone .
Between 1898 and 1925 he carried out anthropological studies in Europe and America. His work on human development and his research into whether the Native Americans immigrated from Siberia to Alaska via the Bering Strait made him known internationally.
Hrdlička was married to Marie Strickler.
Publications (selection)
- (with Carl Lumhotz): Trephining in Mexico , American Anthropologist, December 1897. (English)
- (with Carl Lumholtz): Marked Human Bones from a Prehistoric Tarasco Indian Burial-place in the State of Michoacan, Mexico , Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , Vol. X., 1898. (English)
- Description of an Ancient Anomalous Skeleton from the Valley of Mexico, with Special Reference to Supernumerary Bicipital Ribs in Man , Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, Vol. XII., 1899. (English)
- Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico , 1908 (modern edition: Kessinger Publishing, 2005, ISBN 1-4179-3837-4 )
- Physical Anthropology. 1919
- Anthropometry. 1920
- Old Americans. 1925
- The Neanderthal Phase of Man. In: The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. Volume 57, 1927, pp. 249-274, doi: 10.2307 / 2843704
- Alaska Diary (1926–1931), The Jacques Cattell Press, Lancaster (PA), 1943
Web links
- Literature and other media by and about Aleš Hrdlička in the catalog of the National Library of the Czech Republic
Individual evidence
- ↑ Chronology of the Life of Aleš Hrdlička , Register to the Papers of Aleš Hrdlička
- ↑ Member History: Aleš Hrdlička. American Philosophical Society, accessed October 4, 2018 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Hrdlička, Aleš |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Bohemian-American anthropologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 30, 1869 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Humpolec |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 5, 1943 |
| Place of death | Washington, DC |