Alexander Lwowitsch Dymschitz

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Dymschitz at a speech in 1948

Alexander Lwowitsch Dymschitz ( Russian Александр Львович Дымшиц ; born July 12, 1910 with Reval ; † January 6, 1975 in Moscow ) was a Soviet literary scholar , writer and university professor . After 1945 he worked for several years as a cultural officer in the Soviet zone of occupation in Germany.

Life

Youth and Studies

Dymschitz came from a wealthy family who had close ties to Germany (among other things, German was his second mother tongue). He first studied art history in Leningrad and worked there from 1930 at the Institute for Russian Literature . In 1936 he received his doctorate with a thesis on the poetry of the Bolshevik press between 1890 and 1917 .

Career

Since 1934 Dymschitz was a member of the Soviet Writers' Union . At that time he was working in the literary criticism department of the Zvezda magazine . He also wrote his habilitation thesis on Vladimir Mayakovsky . Their appraisal dragged on until 1943, but was ultimately rejected.

Army time

Dymschitz (center) and Sergei Tjulpanow in May 1946

From 1941 Dymschitz worked as a political officer in the army newspaper Snamja pobedy and gave lectures to soldiers on the state of the German army in Russia. In addition, he published short reports and literary sketches about his experiences at the front. He was also responsible for the propaganda texts that were broadcast once a week by loudspeaker van across the front line for the German soldiers.

In May 1945 Dymschitz was sent to Germany as a press officer. After a stopover in Potsdam, he worked in the culture department of the Tälichen Rundschau . From November 1945 he worked in the cultural department of the SMAD . He oversaw the restoration and reopening of theaters, the compilation of repertoire, the engagement of actors and much more. He was also significantly involved in founding DEFA . While on the one hand he campaigned for the performance of controversial pieces, he also published party-line articles in the Daily Rundschau on new art developments. In 1949 Dymschitz was dismissed from his post after internal party accusations.

College career

Dymschitz returned to Leningrad in March 1949, resumed his university career and later became head of the Institute for Theater, Film and Music.

Naming

Today's Evangelical Gymnasium in Leukersdorf in the Erzgebirge was named after the GDR as a polytechnic high school .

Works

  • Changes and metamorphoses in anti-communism - essays on literature and aesthetics. Berlin 1977.
  • Zven'ja pamjati - portrety i zarisovki. So V. Pisatel ', Moskva 1975.
  • Niščeta sovetologii i revizionizma. Chudožestvennaja literatury, Moskva 1975.
  • The wealth and daring of art - essays on art and literature. Berlin 1974.
  • K. Marks i F., Engel's i nemeckaja literatura. Chudožestvennaja Literatura, Moskva 1973.
  • Neoavangardistskie rečenija v zarubežnoj literature 1950-60g.g. Chudož. Lit., Moskva 1972.
  • Problemy i portrety. Sovremennik, Moskva 1972.
  • Ideologičeskaja bor'ba v literature i estetike - sbornik statej. Izdat. "Chud.Lit.", Moskva 1972.
  • An unforgettable spring - literary portraits and memories. Dietz, Berlin 1970.
  • The sculptor Hans Kies. Seemann, Leipzig 1970.
  • K. Marks i aktuell'nye voprosy ėstetiki i literaturovedenija. Izdat. Nauka, Moskva 1969.
  • Marks, Engel's i Gejne - Vozvraščenie k teme. [s. l.]: [sn] 1968.
  • Zven'ja pamjati: portrety i zarisovki. Sovet. Pisatel ', Moskva 1968.
  • V velikom pochode - sbornik statej. Sovetskij pisatelʹ, Moskva 1962.
  • The aesthetic views of Georg Büchner. [s. l.]: [sn] 1961.
  • Dve Nedeli v GDR. [s. l.]: [sn] 1959.
  • Revoljucionnaja poėzija 1890–1917. So V. pisatel ', Leningrad 1959.
  • Literatura i narod - Sbornik statej. Lenizdat, Leningrad 1958.
  • Marx and Engels in the struggle for realism. [s. l.]: [sn] 1958.
  • Revoljucionnaja poėzija 1890–1917. 2. izd. - Leningrad: Sovetslij pisatel ', 1954.
  • Puškin v vospominanijach sovremennikov. Gosudarstvennoe izdat. chudožestvennoj literatury, Moskva 1950.

literature

  • Klaus Ziermann, with the collaboration of Helmut Baierl (Ed.): Alexander Dymschitz. Scientist, soldier, internationalist . Henschelverlag, Berlin 1977.
  • Anne Hartmann, Wolfram Eggeling: Soviet presence in the cultural life of the Soviet occupation zone and the early GDR 1945–1953 . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1998. Chapter 5.2.4: Cultural officers. on Alexander Dymschitz pp. 167–173.
  • Short biography about:  Dymschitz, Alexander Lwowitsch . In: Who was who in the GDR? 5th edition. Volume 1. Ch. Links, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-86153-561-4 .

Web links

Commons : Alexander Dymschitz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Report of the American Jewish Comitee Archive 1976, p. 382. (PDF; 359 kB)
  2. kinozapiski.ru
  3. Leukersdorf in the Ore Mountains. Between past and present, commemorative publication 575 years. Published by the local chronicle of Leukersdorf, Eckhard Rehnert, on behalf of the municipal administration, 1st edition 2017, page 189.