Alexander Sergeyevich Nikolsky

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Nikolsky at the First OSA Conference, 1928.

Alexander Sergejewitsch Nikolski ( Russian Александр Сергеевич Никольский ; scientific transliteration Aleksandr Sergeevič Nikolskij ); (* March 20 July / April 1,  1884 greg. In Saratov ; † July 16, 1953 in Leningrad ) was a Russian constructivist architect .

Life

Nikolsky was born in Saratov in 1884. His father was a doctor.

In 1902 he finished secondary school in Saint Petersburg and studied from 1902 to 1912 at the architecture department of the Institute for Civil Engineers in Saint Petersburg. After completing his studies, he traveled to Italy and its historical architecture for a year .

Nikolski taught at the Institute for Civil Engineers and worked as an assistant to W. Kosyakov and A. Bubyr on the design and construction of various buildings in Saint Petersburg, Tallinn a . a. Cities with.

After the October Revolution in 1917, he worked on the design and construction of various civil railway buildings. From 1920 he worked again as a teacher at the Institute for Civil Engineers. During this time, too, he realized various structures.

Early twenties he was under the influence of the Cubo-Futurism and the work of Schiwskulptarch .

From 1926 he headed an architecture design workshop, the collective of which became a branch of the OSA in Leningrad. The designs that emerged there (a tram stop, a hall for public meetings, a club, a crematorium, a cinema, etc.) are also referred to as "suprematist constructivism".

In the 1920s he built the round baths in the former Lesnoi Rajon and the Uschakowskije-Bad Gigant on the Uliza Soi Kosmodemjanskoi and the houses on Traktornaya Street (1925–1927 together with Alexander Ivanovich Gegello and Grigori Alexandrowitsch Simonow ) and others in Leningrad Building. In 1925 he rebuilt the so-called Putilov Church , built by Vasily Antonowitsch Kossjakow 1901–1906, in the constructivist style into the club of the Red Putilov workers. (After 1945 there was a further renovation in the style of socialist classicism .)

Nikolski took part in various competitions, for example for the telegraph office in Moscow in 1925, the OSA collegiate competition in 1927 for a communal building, the Tsentrosojuz building in 1928, the competition for the Palace of the Soviets (first round) and others. Nikolsky was an employee of the OSA newspaper, Sovremenaya architektura .

From 1932 to 1950 he built the Kirov Stadium (demolished in 2006 and replaced by a new building) in Leningrad. Nikolski was active in the Association of Soviet Architects from the 1930s. During the war he directed work on the camouflage of objects in Leningrad. He also worked on a volume of drawings of the city and designed several monuments and triumphal arches.

Nikolsky died in 1953 and was buried in the Volkovo Cemetery.

Works (selection)

Projects

  • 1925: Competition design for the Central Telegraph Office in Moscow
  • 1927: Competition draft for the collegial competition of the OSA for a community building
  • 1928: Competition design for the Tsentrosojuz building in Moscow
  • 1928: Competition design for a library in Leningrad
  • 1928: Competition design for the Lenin Library in Moscow
  • 1931: Competition design for the Palace of the Soviets (1st round)

buildings

  • Steam bath in Lesnoye (near Leningrad)
  • Steam bath on Ushakovskaya Street, Leningrad
  • School in Lesnoye (near Leningrad)
  • School on Statschek Street, Leningrad
  • 1925–27: Residential complex on Traktornaja Uliza
  • 1925 to 1927 or 1929: Serafimovsky residential complex, Leningrad
  • Putilov Works Workers' Club, Leningrad
  • Shipyard Workers' Club, Leningrad
  • Sports stadium “Red Putilov Worker”, Leningrad
  • Sports stadium “Red Sports International”, Leningrad
  • 1932–50: Kirov Stadium , Leningrad

  • Lesnoi-Rundbad, Uliza Karbysheva 29a, St. Petersburg

  • Bathhouse Gigant , Soi Kosmodemjanskoi Street, St. Petersburg

  • Traktornaja Uliza 11, St. Petersburg

  • Serafinovsky residential complex, Prospekt Statschek 31, St. Petersburg

  • Kirov Stadium, St. Petersburg

Fonts (selection)

  • Lecture on the construction of new schools at the first OSA conference . In: SA . No. 4 . Moscow 1928, p. 114 . German translation (abridged) in: Selim O. Chan-Magamedow: Pioneers of Soviet architecture . VEB Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 1983, p. 583-584 .
  • The natural lighting of the interior . In: SA . No. 2 . Moscow 1929, p. 37 . (Originally in Russian). German translation (abridged) in: Selim O. Chan-Magamedow: Pioneers of Soviet architecture . VEB Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 1983, p. 584 .
  • From the work in my workshop . In: Akademija architektury . No. 1/2 , 1934, p. 92-93 . (Originally in Russian). German translation (abridged) in: Selim O. Chan-Magamedow: Pioneers of Soviet architecture . VEB Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 1983, p. 584 .
  • Creative accountability . In: Architektura SSSR . No. 4 , 1935, pp. 52 . (Originally in Russian). German translation (abridged) in: Selim O. Chan-Magamedow: Pioneers of Soviet architecture . VEB Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 1983, p. 584 .

Awards

Web links

Commons : Alexander Nikolski  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Selim O. Chan-Magamedow: Pioneers of Soviet architecture . VEB Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 1983, p. 583-585 .
  2. ↑ Кириков Б. М., Штиглиц М. С .: Архитектура ленинградского авангарда. Путеводитель . Коло, St. Petersburg 2009, ISBN 978-5-901841-49-5 .
  3. ↑ Церковь святителя Николая Чудотворца и св. мученицы царицы Александры при Путиловском заводе (accessed February 27, 2018).
personal data
SURNAME Nikolski, Alexander Sergeyevich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Nikolskij, Aleksandr Sergeevič; Никольский, Александр Сергеевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian constructivist architect
DATE OF BIRTH April 1, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Saratov
DATE OF DEATH July 16, 1953
Place of death Leningrad