Ski Sculptor
The commission for the solution of the questions of a synthesis of architecture and sculpture (Sinskulptarch) was founded in May 1919 in the department ISO (visual arts), subdivision “Sculpture” (later to the subdivision “Artistic Work”) of NARKOMPROS . At the end of 1919, painters were also accepted and the association was now called the Commission for the Synthesis of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture (Schiwskulptarch, Russian Живскульптарх ).
The commission consisted of the sculptor Boris Koroljow as director and seven architects, including Nikolai Ladowski . The Sinskulptarch was the first association of modern architects in the RSFSR . All members were staunch opponents of neoclassicism, for example Ivan Scholtowski and the other academics of the time. The commission did not have a uniform formal program, but looked for solutions for a new architecture in modern art, especially in Cubism . Later painters such as Alexander Rodchenko joined them. Overall, however, the Commission can be seen as a forerunner of rationalism .
history
Sinskulptarch was founded in May 1919 in the plastic subdivision of the ISO department of NARKOMPROS. She later belonged to the Artistic Work subdivision. The founding members were Boris Koroljow, Sigismund Dombrowski , Nikolai Iszelenow , Wladimir Krinski , Nikolai Ladowski, Jakow Raich , Alexei Ruchljadew , Wladimir Fidman .
Initially, the commission created a series of designs for a “Temple of the New Cult - Meeting Place of the Peoples”, which should be a new type of social structure for mass events. The sketches of the various commission members were influenced by the cubist sculptor and head of the commission Korolev.
In December 1919, the members Koroljow, Ladowski and Iszelenow, as well as non-member Ilja Golosow founded a sculptor's work at the second SGChM. Here, too, Korolev was the leader and taught cubist composition methods.
At the end of 1919, the painters Alexander Rodchenko and Alexander Shevchenko and then the architect Georgi Mapu were also included. As a result, they called themselves a ski sculptor. In the first half of 1920, the focus was mainly on experimental designs for new social building types, such as the "Commune House", the "House of Councilors" (Sowdep) and others.
In the summer of 1920 the members exhibited their own works in Moscow. The Commission then ceased its activities. It essentially went into the "left workshop" of the WChUTEMAS , as well as the INChUK .
Architectural-historical significance
Boris Korolev exercised a significant influence on modern architecture in the Soviet Union through the commission. Both the rationalists around Nikolai Ladowski and the symbolic romantics around Ilya Golosov were influenced by him. Likewise, some artists in the commission switched from painting and sculpture to architecture. The Schiwskulptarch had a significant influence on the architectural development in the WChUTEMAS.
Members
Founding members
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Other members
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literature
- Selim O. Chan-Magamedow: Pioneers of Soviet Architecture . VEB Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 1983, p. 68-69 .
