Alexei Gavrilowitsch Venetianov
Alexey Venetsianov ( Russian Алексей Гаврилович Венецианов ., Scientific transliteration Alexei Gavrilovic Venecianov * February 7 jul. / 18th February 1780 greg. In Moscow , † December 4 jul. / 16th December 1847 greg. In Poddubje in Tver ) was a Russian painter known for his paintings dedicated to peasant life and common people.
Life
Alexei Venetsianov was born into a merchant family in Moscow . He began his civil service career in the 1800s and moved to Saint Petersburg , where he studied art. At first he practiced repainting pictures from the Hermitage and portraits of friends. He later met Vladimir Borowikowski and lived in his house as his journeyman. Wenezianow tried to work as a freelance portrait painter, but had only a few commissions. In 1811 he was awarded the title of academic by the committee of the Academy of Arts. The trigger were two of his works - a self-portrait and the portrait of Kirill Ivanovich Golowatschewski (1735–1823) with his students.
In 1819 Wenezianow left the civil service and devoted himself to painting. He bought the village of Safonkovo and moved there. During this time he painted the nature that surrounded him. The works that were created in the process represented the highlight of his artistic work. He painted portraits of farmers and scenes from rural life. Venetianov was the first to depict peasant life in Russian art. His works were shown with great success in an exhibition in 1824, for which he was praised by critics.
Venetsianov wanted to become a professor at the Academy of Arts, but the members of the Academy refused, mainly because of his lack of academic practice. From the late 1810s, Venetsianov began to raise simple people with poor backgrounds and even serfs like Grigori Soroka and to teach them painting. In the mid-1820s he had a group of apprentices and opened his own painting school. Tsar Nicholas I , who had a fondness for “national styles”, had sympathy for the artist and appointed him court painter. This title gave Venetsianov the financial support he needed to run the school, where lessons remained free.
In St. Petersburg he also met Taras Shevchenko , who was still a serf at the time and was able to buy himself out of his bondage in 1838 with the help of Venetianov.
Wenezianow died in an accident in 1847 when the horses came loose and his carriage fell down a steep slope.
See also
literature
- G. Smirnov: Venetsianow and the school , en./fr./de./ru. Aurora Art Publishers, Leningrad 1973
Works
Web links
- Biography of Venetianov
- Article Alexei Gavrilowitsch Wenezianow in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- Biography , children's pictures in painting (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ 1838- Taras Shevchenko collected money in the palace of Tsarskoye Selo as a ransom ; accessed on July 1, 2018 (Russian)
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Venetianov, Alexei Gavrilowitsch |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Venecianov, Alexej Gavrilovič; Венецианов, Алексей Гаврилович (Russian) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian painter |
DATE OF BIRTH | February 18, 1780 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Moscow |
DATE OF DEATH | December 16, 1847 |
Place of death | Poddubye near Tver |