Alfons Fischer (doctor)

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Alfons Fischer (born December 12, 1873 in Posen , † May 18, 1936 in Karlsruhe ) was a German physician , social hygienist and health politician .

Live and act

Alfons Fischer studied medicine at the universities of Heidelberg , Munich and Berlin ( doctorate in 1897, license to practice medicine in 1898). He then worked as an assistant first at the Robert Koch Institute in Berlin, later at the Hygiene Institute and at the Municipal Hospital in Gdansk, then at the Medical Polyclinic in Heidelberg and finally at the Senckenberg Institute in Frankfurt am Main, before becoming an internist in 1902 settled in Karlsruhe.

Fischer's work focused on the area of ​​social hygiene, initially specifically on maternal and infant mortality. In 1907 he founded a “propaganda company for maternity insurance” and played a key role in founding the first German maternity insurance fund in Karlsruhe in 1909. In 1916 he founded the "Baden Society for Social Hygiene", for which he published the social hygiene reports (1917-1935), and had an influence on the founding of the "German Association for Public Health Care" and the "German Society for Social Hygiene". He also published the Grundriß der Sozial Hygiene in 1913 and the two-volume work History of the German Health Care System in 1933 .

He was removed from his offices by the National Socialists in 1935 and the Reichsschrifttumskammer imposed a publication ban.

Works (selection)

  • Maternity insurance in European countries . Felix Dietrich, Leipzig 1907 (16 pages, second, completely revised and considerably expanded edition. Felix Dietrich, Gautzsch near Leipzig 1911).
  • Garden City and Health. Baedeker and Moeller, Berlin 1908.
  • Outline of social hygiene. For doctors, economists, administrators and social reformers . Julius Springer, Berlin 1913 (VIII, 448 pages, second, completely redesigned and enlarged edition. CF Müller publishing house, Karlsruhe 1925 archive.org ).
  • Health policy and health legislation (=  Sammlung Goschen . No. 749 ). GJ Göschen, Berlin and Leipzig 1914 (146 pages).
  • State maternity care and the war . Julius Springer, Berlin 1915 (23 pages).
  • Tuberculosis and social environment. A basis for the fight against tuberculosis by legislation (=  supplementary writings on Social Hygiene releases . No. 4 ). CF Müller, Karlsruhe 1921 (20 pages).
  • Images of medieval culture hygiene around Lake Constance (=  supplementary writings on Social Hygiene releases . No. 7 ). CF Müller, Karlsruhe 1923 (23 pages).
  • History of the German health system . Processed on behalf of and with the support of the Reich Health Office. Commission publisher FA Herbig, Berlin 1933 (2 volumes: XIX, 343 S. and VIII, 591 S., Volume 1 archive.org ).

literature

  • Manfred Stürzbecher :  Fischer, Alfons. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 177 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Klaus-Dieter Thomann: The collaboration between the social hygienists Alfred Grotjahn and Alfons Fischer . In: Medical History Journal . tape 14 , no. 4 , 1979, p. 251-274 , PMID 11610682 , JSTOR : 25803588 .
  • Klaus-Dieter Thomann: Alfons Fischer (1873–1936) and the Badische Gesellschaft für Soziale Hygiene (=  Pahl-Rugenstein-Hochschulschriften Gesellschafts- und Naturwissenschaften . Nr. 54 ). Pahl-Rugenstein, Cologne 1980, ISBN 3-7609-5054-X (365 pages, also: Frankfurt (Main), Univ., Diss., 1980).
  • Klaus-Dieter Thomann: Alfons Fischer, social hygienist and health politician . In: Dietrich Tutzke (ed.): On the social conditionality of medicine in history . G. Fischer, Jena 1981, p. 92-116 .
  • Klaus-Dieter Thomann: The social hygienist Alfons Fischer (1873-1936) and National Socialism . From adaptation to self-abandonment. In: Albrecht Scholz, Caris-Petra Heidel (ed.): Medicine and Judaism . Booklet 5. Union Druckerei, Dresden 2000, p. 121-134 .
  • Günter Ewert: The rise and fall of social hygiene . A contribution to the history of medical science in the GDR. Pro BUSINESS, Berlin 2017, ISBN 978-3-86460-733-2 , pp. 142-143 .
  • Ute Grau: Fischer, Alfons , in: Hugo Maier (Ed.): Who is who of social work . Freiburg: Lambertus, 1998 ISBN 3-7841-1036-3 , pp. 171f.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Fischer, Alfons
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physician, social hygienist and health politician
DATE OF BIRTH December 12, 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Poses
DATE OF DEATH May 18, 1936
Place of death Karlsruhe