Alliance Party

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The Alliance Party ( Malay Parti Perikatan , English Alliance Party ) was a political coalition in the Malaya Federation , a predecessor state of Malaysia , and the predecessor organization of the Barisan Nasional , which has formed the government of Malaysia since its foundation. It was the coalition that prepared the independence of Malaysia (previously Malaya ) from Great Britain in August 1957 .

Emergence

The party developed out of a pact between the UMNO (United Malays National Organization) led by Tunku Abdul Rahman and the Malaysian Chinese Association (previously Malayan Chinese Association, MCA). The aim was to hold independent elections in the greater Kuala Lumpur area in 1952 . The Alliance Party was in competition with the Independence of Malaya Party (IMP) and they were fighting over the appropriate structure for a communally divided society, as Malaya represented at the time. The United Malays National Organization and the Malaysian Chinese Association formed a coalition to prevent the Independence of Malaya Party in Kuala Lumpur from winning in February 1952. In March 1953 this collaboration was confirmed by the leadership of both parties and transferred to the state level. The Alliance was expanded in 1954 with the entry of the Malaysian Indian Congress .

The Alliance called for independence soon after the British general Sir Gerald Templer began to push back the communist rebels and set up the first "white zone" in Malacca. Great Britain made a condition for independence that the ethnic groups of the Malay, Chinese and Indian come together in a common political organization.

Road to independence

The British were initially suspicious of the coalition, but were aware of the fact that there was no better alternative to it; Sir Donald MacGillivray reached a compromise with the Alliance on the composition of the Federal Council in July 1954 and pushed through MacGillivray's 1954 constitutional demands of the Alliance. In the 1955 election, the Alliance won an overwhelming victory and formed a government under Abdul Rahman .

By late 1955, the Alliance appeared to have met all the British demands that made them prerequisites for independence: bridging ethnic differences, supporting voters in the June 1955 elections, and refusing to make concessions in talks with Chin Peng in December . When the first nationwide elections were held in 1955, the pact had been expanded by the Malaysian Indian Congress (Malayan Indian Congress, MIC). The Alliance Party won 51 of 52 seats and thus proved to be legitimized to negotiate Malaya's independence from Great Britain.

In January and February 1956, the British government adopted the Alliance's draft independence timetable in late August 1957. In return, the Alliance accepted the need for the British to be present for the defense and economic development of the country even after independence. Negotiations took place over the next 18 months on the financial aspects of independence, cooperation in defense, the balance between privileges for Malays and rights for other peoples, and between the autonomy of the states and the central power in the constitution.

The party remained in power even after the expanded Federation of Malaysia coalition was formed in September 1963 . It was not until June 1974 that it became part of the larger Barisan Nasional , which is based on the same political model and of which it forms the core party. The successor to the Alliance Party is now the Barisan Nasional, which was formally registered as a political party on June 1, 1974.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d English Formation of the Alliance: Its objective is to share power ( Memento from June 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (n. D.). Barisan National. September 14, 2011