Alois von Reding
Count Alois Josef Fridolin Reding von Biberegg (born March 6, 1765 in Schwyz ; † February 5, 1818 there ) was a Swiss politician and military.
Life
His parents were Theodor Anton Reding von Biberegg (1726–1799), lieutenant colonel in Spanish service, and Magdalena von Biberegg, née Freuler. Like his brothers Theodor and Nazar, Alois embarked on a military career and served in Spain until 1794, most recently as a lieutenant colonel. After his return he became governor of the canton of Schwyz.
After the Helvetic Republic was proclaimed in Aarau on April 12, 1798 , Uri, Schwyz, Nidwalden, Glarus and Zug decided to defend their statehood (and their subject areas) by force of arms and chose Reding as their commander in chief. When they had occupied Obwalden and Lucerne and moved towards Aarau, Zurich and Bern, the new government called on the French troops stationed in Switzerland. Reding won at Rothenthurm and Morgarten on May 2nd, but had to agree to an honorable surrender in the face of high losses.
After the coup d'état by the federalists in October 1801, he became Landammann of the Helvetic Republic. Overthrown by the Unitarians in April 1802, he participated in the counter-revolution ( Stecklikkrieg ) in September . Together with other leaders of the uprising, he was imprisoned in the fortress of Aarburg for a few months . After the introduction of mediation constitution by Napoleon Schwyzer elected him in 1803 and 1809 to the bailiff. Shortly before death he was by Louis XVIII. raised from baron to count status.
See also
Achim von Arnim used the imprisonment of Redings as an occasion for his little love story Aloys and Rose . William Wordsworth wrote a poem on a memorial stone for Reding: Memorial, near the Outlet of the Lake of Thun.
literature
- Heinrich Zschokke : History of the struggle and fall of the Swiss mountain and forest cantons, especially the old federal canton of Schwyz. Bern / Zurich 1801 ( digitized ).
- Antoine-Henri Jomini : Histoire critique et militaire des guerres de la Révolution. Nouvelle édition (…) Volume 10, Paris 1822 ( digitized ).
- Article in the Brockhaus (1837)
- (Karl von Elgger :) The fighting at Morgarten in 1315 and 1798. Festschrift for the annual meeting of Switzerland. Officers' society in Zug (…) Einsiedeln 1868 ( digitized version ).
- Georg von Wyß : Reding von Biberegg, Alois Graf . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 27, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1888, pp. 523-529.
- Hans A. Wyss: Alois Reding: Governor of Schwyz and first Mayor of the Helvetic Republic. In: Der Geschichtsfreund, 91 (1936), pp. 157-298 ( digitized version ).
- Aymon de Mestral: Aloys von Reding, a hero of the national resistance. Zurich 1945.
- Edwin Züger: Alois Reding and the end of the Helvetic. Zurich 1977.
Web links
- Josef Wiget: Reding, Alois. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Individual evidence
- ^ The Collected Poems of William Wordsworth, Ware: Wordsworth Poetry Library, 2006. p. 402.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Reding, Alois von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Reding von Biberegg, Alois Josef Fridolin (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Swiss politicians and military |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 6, 1765 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Schwyz |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 5, 1818 |
| Place of death | Schwyz |