L- alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine

Structural formula
General
Surname	L- alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine
other names	alpha-GPC; Choline foscerate; ( 2R ) -2,3-dihydroxypropyl-2- (trimethylammonio) ethyl phosphate; sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; Delecit;
Molecular formula	C 8 H 20 NO 6 P
Brief description	Crystalline solid
External identifiers / databases
EC number	248-962-2
ECHA InfoCard	100,044,496
PubChem	657272
DrugBank	DB04660
Wikidata	Q28529699
Drug information
ATC code	N07 AX02
Mechanism of action	Hormone precursor
properties
Molar mass	257.22 g · mol -1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	152 ° C
safety instructions
	Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS hazard labeling ; no classification available
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

L- alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine (α-GPC, cholinalfoscerate) is a metabolite of the phospholipid phosphatidylcholine . It occurs naturally in the brain and kidneys . It is a parasympathomimetic predecessor of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine . Alpha-GPC canpenetratethe blood-brain barrier and is therefore a source for the rapid supply of choline in the brain, where it is used for the synthesis of acetylcholine. In kidneys, α-GPC serves as an osmolyte for osmoregulation . In the USA, α-GPC isclassifiedas Generally Recognized As Safe by the FDA .

A use of α-GPC for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and dementia is being investigated.

literature

SK Tayebati, F. Amenta: Choline-containing phospholipids: relevance to brain functional pathways . In: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine . tape 51 , no. 3 , 2013, p. 513-521 , doi : 10.1515 / cclm-2012-0559 , PMID 23314552 .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Patent WO9315088 : Crystallization process for preparing glycerophosphocholine. Filed December 31, 1992 , published August 5, 1993 Inventors: Christopher T. Evans, Raymond Mccague, Nicholas D. Tyrrell. ‌
↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
↑ M. de Jesus Moreno Moreno: Cognitive improvement in mild to moderate Alzheimer's dementia after treatment with the acetylcholine precursor choline alfoscerate: A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial . In: Clinical Therapeutics . tape 25 , no. 1 , 2003, p. 178-193 , doi : 10.1016 / S0149-2918 (03) 90023-3 , PMID 12637119 .
↑ L. Parnetti et al. : Cholinergic precursors in the treatment of cognitive impairment of vascular origin: Ineffective approaches or need for re-evaluation? In: Journal of the Neurological Sciences . tape 257 , no. 1–2 , 2007, pp. 264-269 , doi : 10.1016 / j.jns.2007.01.043 , PMID 17331541 .
↑ M. Gallazzini, MB Castle: What's new about osmotic regulation of glycerophosphocholine . In: Physiology (Bethesda) . tape 24 , no. 4 , 2009, p. 245–249 , doi : 10.1152 / physiol.00009.2009 , PMID 19675355 , PMC 2943332 (free full text).
↑ GRAS Notices 419: L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine. FDA.gov, PDF .
^ E. Traini, V. Bramanti, F. Amenta: Choline alphoscerate (alpha-glyceryl-phosphoryl-choline) an old choline-containing phospholipid with a still interesting profile as cognition enhancing agent . In: Current Alzheimer Research . tape 10 , no. 10 , 2013, p. 1070-1079 , PMID 24156263 .
↑ PL Scapicchio: Revisiting choline alphoscerate profile: a new, perspective, role in dementia? In: The International Journal of Neuroscience . tape 123 , no. 7 , 2013, p. 444-449 , doi : 10.3109 / 00207454.2013.765870 , PMID 23387341 .

[WO9315088-1] Patent WO9315088 : Crystallization process for preparing glycerophosphocholine. Filed December 31, 1992 , published August 5, 1993 Inventors: Christopher T. Evans, Raymond Mccague, Nicholas D. Tyrrell. ‌

[NV-2] This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.

[3] M. de Jesus Moreno Moreno: Cognitive improvement in mild to moderate Alzheimer's dementia after treatment with the acetylcholine precursor choline alfoscerate: A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial . In: Clinical Therapeutics . tape 25 , no. 1 , 2003, p. 178-193 , doi : 10.1016 / S0149-2918 (03) 90023-3 , PMID 12637119 .

[4] L. Parnetti et al. : Cholinergic precursors in the treatment of cognitive impairment of vascular origin: Ineffective approaches or need for re-evaluation? In: Journal of the Neurological Sciences . tape 257 , no. 1–2 , 2007, pp. 264-269 , doi : 10.1016 / j.jns.2007.01.043 , PMID 17331541 .

[5] M. Gallazzini, MB Castle: What's new about osmotic regulation of glycerophosphocholine . In: Physiology (Bethesda) . tape 24 , no. 4 , 2009, p. 245–249 , doi : 10.1152 / physiol.00009.2009 , PMID 19675355 , PMC 2943332 (free full text).

[6] GRAS Notices 419: L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine. FDA.gov, PDF .

[7] E. Traini, V. Bramanti, F. Amenta: Choline alphoscerate (alpha-glyceryl-phosphoryl-choline) an old choline-containing phospholipid with a still interesting profile as cognition enhancing agent . In: Current Alzheimer Research . tape 10 , no. 10 , 2013, p. 1070-1079 , PMID 24156263 .

[8] PL Scapicchio: Revisiting choline alphoscerate profile: a new, perspective, role in dementia? In: The International Journal of Neuroscience . tape 123 , no. 7 , 2013, p. 444-449 , doi : 10.3109 / 00207454.2013.765870 , PMID 23387341 .