Old Orphanage (Stuttgart)
The old orphanage is a property owned by the city of Stuttgart . It is located on the northwest side of Charlottenplatz in the city center of the state capital, bordered in the north by Karlsplatz , in the west by the Hotel Silber .
The structure is an asymmetrical, square, elongated building with an inner courtyard, which has been modified and expanded several times in its 300-year history. Originally, the building extended over an area only half the size that was previously used for dance and game events. Later, a stately courtyard was built on the site, which was in front of the city wall, on the Nesenbach , which at the time was flowing above ground .
history
Building history
The original plan was to build barracks for the mounted royal bodyguard. The architect PJ Jenisch and master builder Johann Ulrich Heim were commissioned to do this, and they began building a cavalry barracks in 1705. In 1710 the residence and bodyguard were moved to Ludwigsburg, which is why the unfinished building had to be rededicated. The city of Stuttgart agreed on an "orphanage, breeding and workhouse". Orphans and people who got into poverty (through no fault of their own) should be taken in and brought up here and kept from begging. The property as a breeding and work house was intended to purify affected vagabonds , drunkards, gamblers, malicious spouses, enthusiasts and fanatics . The proposed barracks was completed as an orphanage. From 1712 the baroque building accommodated the aforementioned groups of people. At the end of the 18th century the house complex was rebuilt and expanded.
Disciplinary institution
The inmates' daily routine included waking at six o'clock with prayer, doing the morning washing at the well in the courtyard, breakfast of water soup and morning devotion. Two hours of school lessons followed: religion, reading, writing, arithmetic; the girls were trained in knitting, sewing and mending. After the class, the daily handicraft, weaving, spinning and tanning was on. At lunchtime there was vegetables or soup, meat twice a week, and wine four times a week. After that, they went for a walk, followed by a prayer session and further school lessons with subsequent work. The day ended with dinner and prayer. In uniform and with wooden rifles on their shoulders, the orphans drilled in the courtyard and marched through the streets singing.
Reconstruction and partially new construction
In the following years the institution blossomed into a respected school. This was moved to Ellwangen in 1922 and the building should give way to a new town hall. In fact, only a partial demolition took place between 1922 and 1924. The architect Paul Schmitthenner was in charge of new and renovation projects . From then on, the new masonry structure had long, uniform, three-storey wings. The preserved hipped roof , which is structured by means of raised roof bay windows, is characteristic. The entrance is formed by two portals, which are decorated with plastic ornaments and lead into a spacious, tree-lined inner courtyard.
Later dedication purposes
After completion, the “ Institute for Foreign Relations eV (ifa) ”, founded in 1917, moved in in 1925 . The building was now called the Haus des Deutschtums . In addition, the Süddeutsche Rundfunk AG (Sürag) moved into quarters. Both institutions were founded by the Stuttgart entrepreneur and business promoter Theodor Wanner . Sürag's production operations were discontinued at the end of 1942.
After the Second World War , war damage was removed and the building restored. Officials, offices, associations of expellees and the KPD of Baden-Württemberg moved in until the latter was banned in 1956; there are also a few shops, a café, a restaurant with a beer garden and the Planie cinema .
Todays use
The "Institute for Foreign Relations (ifa)" is the owner of the building to this day. The NABU Stuttgart and other institutions such as the German-American Center and the SKS Russ maintain its offices in the building. A spacious restaurant ( Amadeus ) and the Grand Café Planie are also under construction . The Amadeus maintains a popular beer garden in the inner courtyard, which is used for cultural open-air events on summer evenings.
literature
- The orphanage . In: Eugen Dolmetsch: From Stuttgart's Past Days (second volume of "Pictures from Old Stuttgart"). Self-experienced and retold. Stuttgart 1931, pages 98-103.
- Hartmut Ellrich: The historic Stuttgart. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2009, pages 71-72, ISBN 978-3-86568-381-6 .
- Festschrift for the 250th anniversary of the Württemberg orphan care 1710–1960. Esslingen am Neckar: Bechtle, around 1960.
- Eduard Lempp: History of the Stuttgart orphanage 1710-1910. Stuttgart: Verlag der Evangelische Gesellschaft, 1910.
- Martin Wörner, Gilbert Lupfer and Ute Schulz, Architectural Guide Stuttgart, Dietrich Reimer-Verlag Berlin, 2005, page 60, ISBN 3-496-01290-0 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b The Old Orphanage in Stuttgart ( Memento from January 1, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ picture of the plant
- ↑ Architecture Guide Stuttgart, p. 60
- ↑ a b c Ellrich, pp. 42–44 (see lit.)
- ↑ MarcoPolo: The Amadeus . (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; accessed on July 21, 2020 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )
- ^ Ifa gallery Stuttgart in the old orphanage. Accessed October 11, 2015.
Coordinates: 48 ° 46 '34 " N , 9 ° 10' 55" E